<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[The Fifth Wave Institute]]></title><description><![CDATA[A feminist think tank working to build a future of fair, valued and collective care.]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png</url><title>The Fifth Wave Institute</title><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2026 23:27:43 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[fifthwave@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[fifthwave@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[fifthwave@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[fifthwave@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Te Whāriki, placer le care au cœur de l'école]]></title><description><![CDATA[L&#8217;&#233;ducation de la petite enfance en Nouvelle-Z&#233;lande illustre les richesses et les d&#233;fis d'une p&#233;dagogie centr&#233;e sur le care]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/te-whariki-care</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/te-whariki-care</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Bethany Hansel]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2026 16:46:18 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fTTa!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4e6340f-bd2b-47aa-90d8-6c78fc18f4da_1200x800.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!fTTa!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa4e6340f-bd2b-47aa-90d8-6c78fc18f4da_1200x800.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Une kaiako (enseignante) de Hawkes Bay mettant en pratique le cadre collaboratif &#171; Te T&#363;&#257;papa &#187;. &#169;Te Wh&#257;riki Online, minist&#232;re de l'&#201;ducation n&#233;o-z&#233;landais.</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Malgr&#233; le r&#244;le essentiel que joue le &#8216;prendre soin&#8217; dans nos soci&#233;t&#233;s, il est difficile de v&#233;ritablement ancrer des principes de <em>care</em> dans le syst&#232;me scolaire d&#8217;un pays. La transmission des comp&#233;tences relationnelles est encore couramment consid&#233;r&#233;e comme le r&#244;le exclusif des parents, suscitant de <a href="https://www.planning-familial.org/sites/default/files/2026-02/Planning%20familial%20-%20Rapport%20-%20L%27offensive%20contre%20l%27%C3%A9ducation%20compl%C3%A8te%20%C3%A0%20la%20sexualit%C3%A9%20en%20Europe%20-%20vdef.pdf">fortes r&#233;sistances</a> envers les approches &#233;ducatives qui s&#8217;y attachent.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">De ce fait, les institutions publiques en font rarement une priorit&#233; dans la conception des apprentissages. Les pressions li&#233;es aux marqueurs standardis&#233;s font de la r&#233;ussite et de la performance les valeurs cardinales de la salle de classe, tandis que les relations interpersonnelles, la collaboration et l&#8217;apprentissage profond &#8212; centrales dans les p&#233;dagogies dites &#8216;alternatives&#8217; &#8212; passent au second plan.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Pourtant, qu&#8217;elle l&#8217;admette ou non, toute organisation scolaire est un projet moral et relationnel. Les &#233;l&#232;ves internalisent les normes et attitudes valoris&#233;es implicitement par l&#8217;&#233;cole &#8212; que les sciences sociales appellent le &#171; <a href="https://opus.u-paris.fr/catalog/download/les-mots-cles-des-curricula/27/1875?inline=1">curriculum cach&#233;</a> &#187;. Lorsqu&#8217;on ne leur transmet pas intentionnellement des dynamiques positives, les enfants ont davantage tendance &#224; int&#233;rioriser ce qui leur est montr&#233; : des relations hi&#233;rarchiques, comp&#233;titives, transactionnelles et empreintes de domination<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">De profondes opportunit&#233;s de changement existent au sein de l&#8217;&#233;ducation de la petite enfance (EPE). Les premi&#232;res ann&#233;es de vie d&#8217;un enfant contribuent &#224; forger le genre d&#8217;ami&#183;e, de voisin&#183;e, de parent et de citoyen&#183;ne qu&#8217;il ou elle deviendra. Pour construire des soci&#233;t&#233;s r&#233;silientes et interd&#233;pendantes, l&#8217;EPE &#8212; qui va de la naissance &#224; la scolarit&#233; obligatoire, soit en g&#233;n&#233;ral de z&#233;ro &#224; cinq ans &#8212; est un terrain privil&#233;gi&#233;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Mettre en &#339;uvre une p&#233;dagogie du </strong><em><strong>care</strong></em></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Largement reconnu comme un mod&#232;le en EPE, le curriculum d&#8217;&#233;ducation de la petite enfance d&#8217;Aotearoa Nouvelle-Z&#233;lande, Te Wh&#257;riki (prononc&#233; <em>Teh Fah-ri-ki</em>), se distingue comme un syst&#232;me singuli&#232;rement orient&#233; vers le <em>care</em>. &#201;tabli en 1996, il int&#232;gre la langue et l&#8217;&#233;pist&#233;mologie maories dans les apprentissages quotidiens, avec pour ambition de favoriser un sentiment d&#8217;appartenance et de soutien mutuel parmi les g&#233;n&#233;rations &#224; venir<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cela se refl&#232;te dans son nom : un <em>wh&#257;riki</em> est une natte tiss&#233;e traditionnelle &#8220;sur laquelle tous peuvent se tenir&#8221;, dans laquelle s&#8217;entrelacent diff&#233;rentes perspectives, objectifs et concepts issus de la culture M&#257;ori pour soutenir les enfants de mani&#232;re holistique. La m&#233;taphore du wh&#257;riki invite &#224; reconna&#238;tre que &#171; le soin et l&#8217;&#233;ducation sont des concepts ins&#233;parables &#187;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#171; Ces concepts m&#257;ori sugg&#232;rent que prendre soin des nourrissons et des jeunes enfants va au-del&#224; de la satisfaction de leurs besoins physiques &#187;, <a href="https://tewhariki.tahurangi.education.govt.nz/care-practices-with-infants-and-toddlers/5637248077.p?activeTab=tab+1:2">explique</a> le programme officiel. &#171; Il s&#8217;agit d&#8217;&#233;tablir des liens forts qui favorisent le bien-&#234;tre et la contribution au collectif de chaque enfant, et [encouragent] leur connexion &#224; leur environnement naturel. &#187;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Les M&#257;ori sont le peuple natif d&#8217;Aotearoa (aujourd&#8217;hui commun&#233;ment appel&#233;e Nouvelle-Z&#233;lande). Comme nombre de peuples autochtones &#224; travers le monde, les communaut&#233;s maories ont &#233;t&#233; &#233;conomiquement, politiquement et socialement marginalis&#233;es, d&#233;poss&#233;d&#233;es de leur identit&#233; et de leur patrimoine culturel<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a>. Elles continuent aujourd&#8217;hui de <a href="https://rightstracker.org/country/NZL?tab=atrisk&amp;atRisk=15">souffrir de mani&#232;re disproportionn&#233;e</a> de violations de leurs droits.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Le d&#233;veloppement de Te Wh&#257;riki a d&#233;but&#233; dans les ann&#233;es 1990, dans le sillage de deux d&#233;cennies d&#8217;activisme politique par une g&#233;n&#233;ration de jeunes M&#257;ori mobilis&#233;s contre le d&#233;clin programm&#233; de leur langue et de leur culture &#8212; un mouvement plus tard d&#233;sign&#233; sous le nom de &#171; <a href="https://www.artsetvie.com/ressources/files/documentation/CultureMaorie_Hiver2013.pdf">renaissance maorie</a> &#187;. Te Wh&#257;riki visait &#224; <a href="https://tewhariki.tahurangi.education.govt.nz/te-whakapapa-o-te-wh-riki/5637158828.p">r&#233;pondre</a> au &#171; manque de r&#233;ussite scolaire des <em>tamariki</em> [enfants] m&#257;ori, &#224; la privatisation croissante de l&#8217;&#233;ducation de la petite enfance, et &#224; l&#8217;absence de prise en compte de la pluralit&#233; culturelle &#187;. Des &#233;tudes montr&#232;rent que les &#233;l&#232;ves m&#257;ori scolaris&#233;s dans des &#233;tablissements enseignant en langue et selon les principes m&#257;ori obtenaient des r&#233;sultats nettement sup&#233;rieurs &#224; ceux de leurs pairs dans les &#233;coles ordinaires<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>. &#192; la lumi&#232;re de ces constats, le gouvernement n&#233;o-z&#233;landais entreprit d&#8217;int&#233;grer davantage ces perspectives dans les &#233;coles<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Le programme fut le fruit d&#8217;une &#233;troite collaboration entre le minist&#232;re de l&#8217;&#201;ducation et le <a href="https://www.kohanga.ac.nz/kaupapa/moo-matau">Te K&#333;hanga Reo National Trust</a>, une association qui travaille &#224; revitaliser la nation maorie. Son d&#233;veloppement impliqua plusieurs ann&#233;es de discussions et de groupes de travail avant qu&#8217;une &#233;quipe ne publie sa premi&#232;re version en 1993. Celle-ci fut partag&#233;e avec l&#8217;ensemble des organismes de formation en petite enfance pour tester le mod&#232;le et obtenir des retours d&#8217;exp&#233;rience, avant que le curriculum officiel n&#8217;entre en vigueur en 1996.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Nourrir des relations r&#233;ciproques</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Il est largement admis en EPE que les relations occupent une place centrale dans la vie du jeune enfant. Au sein de Te Wh&#257;riki, les enfants &#171; <a href="https://tewhariki.tki.org.nz/assets/Key-documents/Files/Te-Whariki-Early-Childhood-Curriculum.pdf">apprennent</a> &#224; nourrir des connexions r&#233;ciproques avec les personnes, les lieux et les choses &#187;. Cette p&#233;dagogie accorde une r&#233;elle <a href="https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/server/api/core/bitstreams/891ce8d4-0498-4be7-ad92-f149e1f84814/content">valeur</a> &#224; ce que les enfants peuvent apprendre aux adultes, pas seulement l&#8217;inverse.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;Les kaiako (enseignants) et les enfants endossent tour &#224; tour la responsabilit&#233; de &#8216;prendre soin&#8217; &#8211; des autres et d&#8217;eux-m&#234;mes &#8211; et d&#8217;en recevoir&#8221;, <a href="https://tewhariki.tahurangi.education.govt.nz/care-practices-with-infants-and-toddlers/5637248077.p">explique</a> le programme. C&#8217;est par exemple le cas &#8220;lorsqu&#8217;un petit enfant s&#8217;approche d&#8217;une kaiako dont le doigt est band&#233; et lui demande ce qui s&#8217;est pass&#233;; (...) ou qu&#8217;un kaiako demande s&#8217;en sans cacher &#224; un&#183;e coll&#232;gue de le relayer aupr&#232;s d&#8217;un enfant qui pleure.&#8221;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cette r&#233;ciprocit&#233; est &#233;troitement li&#233;e au concept m&#257;ori d&#8217;&#171; <em>aroha</em> &#187;. Souvent traduit par &#171; amour &#187;, le terme est en r&#233;alit&#233; <a href="https://www.hekupu.ac.nz/sites/default/files/2024-10/09%20MacKenzie%20.pdf">plus complexe</a>. Il exprime plut&#244;t une interconnexion fluide entre toutes formes de vie.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Int&#233;grer l&#8217;<em>aroha</em> &#224; l&#8217;EPE prend de nombreuses formes, &#224; commencer par l&#8217;implication &#233;troite de la <em>wh&#257;nau tangata</em> (famille et communaut&#233;) des enfants dans leur &#233;ducation. Les &#233;ducateurs et &#233;ducatrices sont encourag&#233;&#183;e&#183;s &#224; apprendre &#224; conna&#238;tre la famille de chaque enfant, en engageant r&#233;guli&#232;rement des conversations informelles et en leur rendant visite chez eux. Les &#233;coles s&#8217;efforcent &#233;galement d&#8217;&#234;tre plus qu&#8217;un simple lieu d&#8217;apprentissage pour les enfants, en proposant des aides alimentaires et des programmes de soutien aux familles<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Te Wh&#257;riki souligne que &#171; les enfants sont plus susceptibles de se sentir chez eux s&#8217;ils voient r&#233;guli&#232;rement leur propre culture, leur langue et leurs repr&#233;sentations du monde valoris&#233;es dans le cadre de l&#8217;EPE &#187;. C&#8217;est donc &#171; important que leurs familles se sentent les bienvenues et en mesure de participer aux d&#233;cisions &#187; dans le cadre du processus d&#8217;auto&#233;valuation de l&#8217;&#233;cole. Elles sont &#233;galement convi&#233;es &#224; participer &#224; certaines activit&#233;s de la classe, et encourag&#233;es &#224; s&#8217;impliquer dans les activit&#233;s extrascolaires<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Les enfants interagissent ainsi avec diff&#233;rentes familles, non seulement au service de leur propre apprentissage mais aussi &#224; celui des autres. Cette orientation relationnelle, &#224; partir et au-del&#224; du noyau familial nucl&#233;aire, a le potentiel d&#8217;aider les enfants &#224; faire de l&#8217;interd&#233;pendance un pilier de leur vie.</p><div><hr></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Lire aussi:</strong></p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;57b6a209-413d-4349-bcbe-b4f6ac22c90c&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Une transformation majeure est en cours dans le syst&#232;me de protection sociale du Cambodge. Une initiative locale d&#8217;abord pens&#233;e pour emp&#234;cher les enfants d&#8217;&#234;tre plac&#233;s en orphelinat devient aujourd&#8217;hui le mod&#232;le national d&#8217;aide &#224; l&#8217;enfance et aux plus vuln&#233;rables,&#8230;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Au Cambodge, un mod&#232;le communautaire transforme la protection de l&#8217;enfance&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:205980423,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Bethany Hansel&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Bethany Hansel is a writer currently living in Siem Reap, Cambodia. &quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qDL3!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1dac68f7-229e-4afc-ba52-f1a5a09f9309_500x500.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:true,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-08T10:41:34.729Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/au-cambodge-un-modele-communautaire&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:183848247,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:4,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>&#201;valuation narrative</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">L&#8217;apprentissage scolaire int&#232;gre habituellement un syst&#232;me d&#8217;&#233;valuation chiffr&#233;e; et des mesures num&#233;riques sont n&#233;cessaires pour que les gouvernements puissent comparer l&#8217;efficacit&#233; de diff&#233;rents programmes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Mais tout &#233;ducateur conna&#238;t les &#233;cueils de ces mod&#232;les. Ils peinent &#224; &#233;valuer de mani&#232;re &#233;quitable les enfants aux styles d&#8217;apprentissage et d&#8217;intelligence diff&#233;rents, et apprennent aux enfants &#224; valoriser les notes plut&#244;t que l&#8217;apprentissage authentique. Ils conduisent souvent les enfants &#224; tricher, &#224; m&#233;moriser superficiellement des informations pour les oublier aussit&#244;t l&#8217;examen pass&#233;, et &#224; lier leur estime d&#8217;eux-m&#234;mes &#224; leurs notes. Une telle m&#233;thode peut s&#8217;av&#233;rer profond&#233;ment d&#233;shumanisante, r&#233;duisant l&#8217;enfant &#224; des chiffres plut&#244;t que de le consid&#233;rer dans sa globalit&#233;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La notation formelle ne commence bien s&#251;r g&#233;n&#233;ralement qu&#8217;&#224; l&#8217;&#233;cole primaire &#8212; mais m&#234;me les maternelles &#233;valuent parfois &#224; l&#8217;aide <a href="https://www.lexpress.fr/societe/education/smileys-code-couleurs-comment-les-profs-evaluent-deja-sans-notes_1553912.html#:~:text=La%20note%20est%20remplac%C3%A9e%20par,les%20exercices%20%C3%A0%20moiti%C3%A9%20r%C3%A9ussis.">de codes couleur ou de smileys</a>. Le syst&#232;me m&#257;ori d&#8217;apprentissage en EPE, quant &#224; lui, fonctionne enti&#232;rement sur la base d&#8217;&#233;valuations par la narration.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://tewhariki.tki.org.nz/assets/Key-documents/Files/Te-Whariki-Early-Childhood-Curriculum.pdf">L&#8217;&#233;valuation narrative</a> documente les efforts, la progression, les relations et les &#233;motions des enfants &#224; travers le temps et sous forme de &#8220;r&#233;cit&#8221;. Des observations quotidiennes r&#233;dig&#233;es par les enseignant.es sont rassembl&#233;es aux c&#244;t&#233;s de photos annot&#233;es, d&#8217;enregistrements audio et vid&#233;o. Ces &#171; r&#233;cits d&#8217;apprentissage &#187; valorisent la progression individuelle de chaque enfant, laissant place &#224; la prise en compte du contexte de vie plus large et permettant un accompagnement plus sp&#233;cifique en cas de difficult&#233;s.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ces &#233;valuations sont souvent conduites en collaboration avec les <em>wh&#257;nau tangata</em>, consid&#233;r&#233;s comme &#233;galement experts de l&#8217;apprentissage de leurs enfants. &#192; mesure que les enfants grandissent et gagnent en autonomie, les enseignant&#183;e&#183;s les encouragent &#233;galement &#224; constituer leurs propres r&#233;cits, se fixant des objectifs et &#233;valuant leurs propres progr&#232;s.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Former des enfants responsables et tourn&#233;s vers les autres</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Le principe de <em><a href="https://tewhariki.tki.org.nz/assets/Key-documents/Files/Te-Whariki-Early-Childhood-Curriculum.pdf">whakamana</a></em>, ou &#233;mancipation, vise &#224; &#8220;reconna&#238;tre et renforcer le <em>mana</em> [pouvoir d&#8217;&#234;tre] des enfants, et &#224; les soutenir dans leur capacit&#233; &#224; renforcer le <em>mana</em> des autres&#8221;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Les enseignant&#183;e&#183;s visent &#224; cr&#233;er des classes o&#249; &#171; les enfants ont l&#8217;autonomie de donner suite &#224; leurs propres id&#233;es, de d&#233;velopper des connaissances et des comp&#233;tences dans des domaines qui les int&#233;ressent, et de prendre des d&#233;cisions sur les questions qui les concernent &#187;. Ils et elles encouragent r&#233;guli&#232;rement les enfants &#224; exprimer leurs &#233;motions, &#224; discuter des droits et de l&#8217;&#233;quit&#233; en classe, les aidant &#224; d&#233;velopper leur r&#233;flexion critique sur ces sujets tout en reconnaissant la valeur de leur point de vue.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">De nombreux d&#233;fenseurs des droits des enfants avancent que les hi&#233;rarchies &#233;ducatives strictes &#171; risquent d&#8217;ali&#233;ner [...] les &#233;l&#232;ves, qui peuvent juger hypocrite qu&#8217;on leur parle d&#8217;&#233;galit&#233; depuis une position d&#8217;autorit&#233; privil&#233;gi&#233;e &#187;. Conscient de cela, Te Wh&#257;riki encourage les enseignant&#183;e&#183;s &#224; accorder aux enfants une plus grande autonomie, cultivant ainsi chez eux un sentiment de citoyennet&#233; &#8212; soit &#171; le sentiment d&#8217;appartenir &#224; une communaut&#233;, qu&#8217;il s&#8217;agisse d&#8217;un quartier, d&#8217;une &#233;cole, d&#8217;une ville, d&#8217;une nation, de l&#8217;humanit&#233; &#187;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-8" href="#footnote-8" target="_self">8</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">L&#8217;une des fa&#231;ons dont les enfants exercent concr&#232;tement cette agentivit&#233; est l&#8217;<a href="https://formation.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/formats-pedagogiques/innovations-pedagogiques/inquiry-based-learning-tout-savoir-sur-ce-format-pedagogique">apprentissage collaboratif par enqu&#234;te</a> (<em>inquiry-based collaborative learning</em>), une approche qui a &#233;galement gagn&#233; en popularit&#233; dans d&#8217;autres syst&#232;mes &#233;ducatifs. Mener en groupe des recherches sur une question ou un concept de leurs choix aide les enfants &#224; &#171; d&#233;velopper la capacit&#233; d&#8217;&#233;couter et d&#8217;apprendre les uns des autres, de n&#233;gocier, de parfois diriger, et d&#8217;autres fois de trouver des compromis &#187;. L&#8217;approche vise &#224; leur constituer &#171; un socle de respect et de soin envers les humains et le non-humain &#187;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-9" href="#footnote-9" target="_self">9</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ainsi, lorsque les enseignant&#183;e&#183;s de l&#8217;&#233;cole maternelle Rimu ont constat&#233; que les enfants &#233;taient intrigu&#233;s par les outils d&#8217;observation animale dans la for&#234;t voisine, ceux-ci sont devenus le centre de leur &#8216;enqu&#234;te&#8217;. Chaque jour, les enfants remplissaient les pi&#232;ges &#224; encre qui enregistrent les empreintes des animaux, d&#233;veloppant &#171; un sentiment de responsabilit&#233; envers l&#8217;espace, prenant l&#8217;initiative de ramasser des d&#233;chets ou d&#8217;arracher une mauvaise herbe &#187;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-10" href="#footnote-10" target="_self">10</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Les enfants apprennent aussi que leur droit &#224; contribuer se m&#233;rite. Pour pouvoir guider les autres et d&#233;finir les priorit&#233;s d&#8217;apprentissage, ils doivent montrer qu&#8217;ils savent accepter le point de vue d&#8217;autrui, faire preuve d&#8217;empathie, demander de l&#8217;aide, se percevoir comme une aide pour les autres, et exprimer clairement leurs id&#233;es. Loin de laisser les enfants faire ce qu&#8217;ils veulent, cette approche leur apprend &#224; accueillir les diff&#233;rences de mani&#232;re constructive et bienveillante, tout en soulignant que l&#8217;autonomie s&#8217;accompagne d&#8217;une responsabilit&#233; envers autrui.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Un mod&#232;le ambitieux</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Aujourd&#8217;hui, toutes les cr&#232;ches et maternelles du pays doivent mettre en &#339;uvre Te Wh&#257;riki. L&#8217;un des d&#233;fis majeurs du syst&#232;me est donc de garantir une qualit&#233; &#233;ducative &#233;lev&#233;e et constante &#224; l&#8217;&#233;chelle nationale.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">D&#8217;autres p&#233;dagogies EPE du m&#234;me style disposent de structures qui favorisent une telle qualit&#233;. Devenir enseignant&#183;e Montessori implique par exemple de suivre une <a href="http://www.formation-montessori.fr/">formation</a> d&#8217;un &#224; deux ans post-licence: les enseignant&#183;e&#183;s <em>choisissent</em> d&#8217;investir un temps consid&#233;rable dans l&#8217;apprentissage de la philosophie Montessori, ce qui les rend plus susceptibles de la mettre en &#339;uvre efficacement.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#192; une &#233;chelle bien plus modeste, la <a href="https://www.kenueducation.com/forestschoolecuador">Bosque Escuela Tena</a>, une &#233;cole de la communaut&#233; Kichwa Tamia Yura en Amazonie &#233;quatorienne, a remport&#233; le <a href="https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/projects-ecuador-and-united-republic-tanzania-win-first-edition-unesco-global-citizenship-education">Prix d&#8217;&#233;ducation &#224; la citoyennet&#233; globale de l&#8217;UNESCO 2025</a> pour avoir guid&#233; les enfants vers la protection de la nature et vers un avenir plus juste. &#192; l&#8217;instar de Te Wh&#257;riki, l&#8217;&#233;cole int&#232;gre les savoirs autochtones dans son programme multiculturel et multilingue, &#171; favorisant le respect de la diversit&#233; et du patrimoine &#224; travers des activit&#233;s &#233;ducatives cr&#233;atives et pratiques &#187;. Mais une telle approche d&#233;pend forc&#233;ment de son contexte g&#233;ographique particulier et est plus facile &#224; maintenir au sein d&#8217;un seul lieu.</p><div><hr></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Lire aussi:</strong></p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;99675a1c-50c2-4d2a-bf28-a7c2ba1dd524&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;En Am&#233;rique Latine, la r&#233;volution du 'care'&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-03T22:44:04.045Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!x05L!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4ac58eb-7528-440b-afba-9b91c2f62731_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/en-amerique-latine-la-revolution&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:180650371,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Cela ne veut pas dire que des p&#233;dagogies de ce type ne peuvent pas &#234;tre d&#233;ploy&#233;es nationalement. Le syst&#232;me d&#8217;EPE su&#233;dois est particuli&#232;rement reconnu: ses &#233;coles maternelles visent &#224; aider chaque enfant &#224; &#171; d&#233;velopper une responsabilit&#233; et un int&#233;r&#234;t pour le d&#233;veloppement durable et la participation active &#224; la soci&#233;t&#233;, [et] comprendre comment les &#234;tres humains, la nature et la soci&#233;t&#233; agissent les uns sur les autres &#187;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-11" href="#footnote-11" target="_self">11</a>. Contrairement &#224; Te Wh&#257;riki, le programme su&#233;dois reste cependant tr&#232;s monoculturel, en d&#233;pit des mouvements visant &#224; y int&#233;grer davantage la culture autochtone s&#225;mi<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-12" href="#footnote-12" target="_self">12</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Les limites du cadre</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Pour faciliter son d&#233;ploiement &#224; grande &#233;chelle, Te Wh&#257;riki a &#233;t&#233; con&#231;u avec une grande flexibilit&#233;. Plut&#244;t qu&#8217;imposer un curriculum standardis&#233;, il invite chaque communaut&#233; &#224; &#233;laborer le sien dans l&#8217;esprit de ses principes, en tenant compte des identit&#233;s, des int&#233;r&#234;ts et des priorit&#233;s propres aux enfants et aux familles. Deux &#233;coles de l&#8217;ouest d&#8217;Auckland ont par exemple int&#233;gr&#233; les cycles de vie animaux &#224; leur curriculum apr&#232;s avoir observ&#233; l&#8217;int&#233;r&#234;t des enfants pour l&#8217;&#233;levage &#8212; un attrait directement li&#233; au milieu agricole et mara&#238;cher de nombreuses familles locales<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-13" href="#footnote-13" target="_self">13</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cette flexibilit&#233; soul&#232;ve pourtant de s&#233;rieux d&#233;fis pratiques, notamment sur le plan biculturel. Si certains saluent la latitude qu&#8217;elle offre aux enseignant&#183;e&#183;s dans leur construction d&#8217;environnements &#233;mancipateurs<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-14" href="#footnote-14" target="_self">14</a>, d&#8217;autres estiment qu&#8217;elle ne fournit pas d&#8217;orientations suffisantes pour mettre en &#339;uvre, concr&#232;tement, un curriculum biculturel.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Les enseignant&#183;e&#183;s m&#257;ori ne repr&#233;sentent qu&#8217;un dixi&#232;me du corps enseignant de la petite enfance, et beaucoup de leurs coll&#232;gues non m&#257;ori d&#233;clarent ne pas ma&#238;triser suffisamment la langue et la philosophie maories pour les int&#233;grer efficacement en classe. Cette lacune reporte une pression disproportionn&#233;e sur les enseignant&#183;e&#183;s m&#257;ori, r&#233;guli&#232;rement sollicit&#233;&#183;e&#183;s pour suppl&#233;er leurs coll&#232;gues &#8212; qui, souvent, ne cherchent pas &#224; combler eux-m&#234;mes ces lacunes<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-15" href="#footnote-15" target="_self">15</a>. &#171; Nos kaiako m&#257;ori sont vus comme seuls passeurs de leur culture par des coll&#232;gues qui, eux, ne veulent pas l&#8217;apprendre. C&#8217;est triste &#187;, t&#233;moigne un&#183;e &#233;ducateur&#183;rice.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Les occasions de se familiariser avec le te reo (<em>langue</em>) m&#257;ori restent par ailleurs rares. Dans une formation initiale de trois ans d&#233;j&#224; dense, l&#8217;acquisition d&#8217;une v&#233;ritable ma&#238;trise linguistique est difficile &#8212; et les stages pratiques n&#8217;offrent gu&#232;re de contexte pour la mettre en pratique. &#171; O&#249; aller chercher du soutien pour apprendre le te reo m&#257;ori ? Lors des stages, personne ne l&#8217;utilisait &#8212; donc pas de contexte pour le pratiquer. Il n&#8217;est pas &#233;tonnant qu&#8217;on ne l&#8217;utilise pas &#187;, t&#233;moigne un&#183;e enseignant&#183;e.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Sans appropriation r&#233;elle du te reo m&#257;ori et des philosophies qui le sous-tendent, Te Wh&#257;riki risque de n&#8217;&#234;tre que du &#8216;<a href="https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinter/podcasts/zoom-zoom-zen/zoom-zoom-zen-du-jeudi-04-mai-2023-3635933">tokenisme</a>&#8217; &#8212; une inclusion seulement en surface. Plus de la moiti&#233; des participants &#224; une r&#233;cente &#233;tude l&#8217;ont d&#8217;ailleurs d&#233;crit comme tel<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-16" href="#footnote-16" target="_self">16</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Pour y rem&#233;dier, les communaut&#233;s maories pr&#233;conisent une formation plus rigoureuse, incluant une formation linguistique continue et des s&#233;jours d&#8217;immersion dans des marae m&#257;ori &#8212; espaces propices &#224; acqu&#233;rir un contexte culturel essentiel et &#224; incarner les valeurs de <em>whanaungatanga</em> (liens communautaires) et de <em>manaakitanga</em> (soin)<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-17" href="#footnote-17" target="_self">17</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#171; Certes, cela a des implications financi&#232;res. Mais si nous voulons &#234;tre une soci&#233;t&#233; biculturelle dot&#233;e de syst&#232;mes &#233;ducatifs efficaces, o&#249; les M&#257;ori peuvent r&#233;ussir en tant que M&#257;ori, cela doit figurer dans les budgets politiques &#187;, &#233;crivent Williams, Fletcher et Ma<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-18" href="#footnote-18" target="_self">18</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Un syst&#232;me menac&#233;</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cette r&#233;ciprocit&#233; est aujourd&#8217;hui fragilis&#233;e. En novembre 2025, la ministre de l&#8217;&#201;ducation Erica Stanford a <a href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/577761/teachers-shocked-by-government-decision-to-remove-treaty-of-waitangi-requirement-in-schools">supprim&#233;</a> l&#8217;obligation pour les &#233;coles de se conformer au Te Tiriti o Waitangi &#8212; document fondateur de la Nouvelle-Z&#233;lande, dont le respect avait &#233;t&#233; rendu obligatoire dans les &#233;coles en 2020. Il a contribu&#233; &#224; prot&#233;ger l&#8217;inclusion et l&#8217;identit&#233; maories depuis des si&#232;cles, et constitue le socle m&#234;me de Te Wh&#257;riki. D&#233;sormais, chaque &#233;cole d&#233;cide librement d&#8217;int&#233;grer ou non la culture m&#257;ori &#224; son programme. Ce recul a suscit&#233; une <a href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/589199/urgent-waitangi-tribunal-inquiry-into-government-s-removal-of-schools-treaty-obligations">vive r&#233;sistance</a> des communaut&#233;s maories.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#171; Ils [nous] d&#233;priorisent clairement dans la l&#233;gislation. Nous devons nous y opposer. Nous ne voulons pas que les g&#233;n&#233;rations futures se retournent en se disant que c&#8217;est arriv&#233; sans que personne ne r&#233;agisse &#187;, a <a href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/589199/urgent-waitangi-tribunal-inquiry-into-government-s-removal-of-schools-treaty-obligations">d&#233;clar&#233;</a> Ripeka Lessels, pr&#233;sidente du syndicat d&#8217;&#233;ducation Te Riu Roa.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Face &#224; cette mobilisation, environ <a href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/589199/urgent-waitangi-tribunal-inquiry-into-government-s-removal-of-schools-treaty-obligations">70 % des &#233;coles</a> du pays se sont engag&#233;es publiquement &#224; continuer de donner effet au Te Tiriti. Sans mandat gouvernemental, toutefois, les critiques redoutent que les incoh&#233;rences dans l&#8217;application ne causent &#171; des dommages significatifs et irr&#233;versibles aux apprenants m&#257;ori et &#224; leur wh&#257;nau &#187;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#171; Nos tamariki m&#257;ori ont le droit d&#8217;apprendre leur histoire, d&#8217;entendre leur langue et de vivre leur culture. Concr&#232;tement, les &#233;coles publiques n&#8217;y sont plus tenues, et sans obligation claire, elles seront soumises &#224; des pressions pour effacer les M&#257;ori du curriculum. Sans responsabilisation, tout change &#8212; et la ministre le sait &#187;, a <a href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/577761/teachers-shocked-by-government-decision-to-remove-treaty-of-waitangi-requirement-in-schools">averti</a> Leanne Otene, pr&#233;sidente de la F&#233;d&#233;ration des directeurs d&#8217;&#233;cole de Nouvelle-Z&#233;lande.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Vers une soci&#233;t&#233; du </strong><em><strong>care</strong></em><strong>?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ce changement de politique risque de d&#233;faire une grande partie du travail accompli par Te Wh&#257;riki depuis des d&#233;cennies. Le curriculum avait notamment pour ambition de r&#233;duire l&#8217;&#233;cart de r&#233;ussite entre &#233;l&#232;ves m&#257;ori et non m&#257;ori. Quarante ans plus tard, cet &#233;cart persiste<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-19" href="#footnote-19" target="_self">19</a> &#8212; et beaucoup craignent qu&#8217;il ne se creuse avec la suppression du mandat.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">En 2024, seulement <a href="https://statisticsnz.shinyapps.io/wellbeingindicators/_w_8023b97f1a5941ebb52113a56cdba426/?page=indicators&amp;class=Social&amp;type=Knowledge%20and%20skills&amp;indicator=Educational%20attainment">67,5 %</a> des M&#257;ori de 25 ans et plus d&#233;tenaient un dipl&#244;me du secondaire sup&#233;rieur, contre 78,2 % des personnes d&#8217;ascendance europ&#233;enne. En 2022, les &#233;l&#232;ves m&#257;ori de 15 ans <a href="https://statisticsnz.shinyapps.io/wellbeingindicators/_w_8023b97f1a5941ebb52113a56cdba426/?page=indicators&amp;class=Social&amp;type=Knowledge%20and%20skills&amp;indicator=Literacy,%20numeracy,%20and%20science%20skills%20of%2015-year-olds">obtenaient</a> en moyenne 60 points de moins que leurs pairs non m&#257;ori au classement PISA.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Les causes de cet &#233;cart sont &#233;videmment multiples et tiennent &#224; des probl&#232;mes syst&#233;miques que nul curriculum d&#8217;EPE ne saurait r&#233;soudre seul. Les &#233;coles n&#8217;existent pas en vase clos : les enfants sont fa&#231;onn&#233;s par d&#8217;innombrables facteurs, au premier rang desquels le milieu familial. Les p&#233;dagogies du <em>care</em> ne peuvent &#234;tre pleinement efficaces sans un changement soci&#233;tal plus large.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">En 2022, la Nouvelle-Z&#233;lande a publi&#233; son premier <a href="https://www.treasury.govt.nz/sites/default/files/2022-04/bp-trends-wellbeing-aotearoa-new-zealand-2000-2020.pdf">rapport sur le bien-&#234;tre</a>, comparant ses indicateurs &#224; ceux des pays de l&#8217;OCDE. Des tendances sont encourageantes : recul de la violence et de la criminalit&#233; depuis 2000, taux de b&#233;n&#233;volat parmi les plus &#233;lev&#233;s de l&#8217;OCDE, troisi&#232;me taux le plus &#233;lev&#233; de soutien social pour les plus de 50 ans, en quatri&#232;me place pour les contacts sociaux hebdomadaires, satisfaction dans la vie sup&#233;rieure &#224; la moyenne. Les communaut&#233;s maories, polyn&#233;siennes et asiatiques continuent n&#233;anmoins de souffrir de mani&#232;re disproportionn&#233;e sur bon nombre de ces indicateurs.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tout lien entre ces tendances et Te Wh&#257;riki resterait purement corr&#233;latif, car aucune recherche n&#8217;a &#233;t&#233; r&#233;alis&#233;e pour l&#8217;&#233;valuer. L&#8217;&#233;ducation demeure en effet principalement mesur&#233;e &#224; l&#8217;aune de la performance scolaire : les recherches sur la contribution des pratiques &#233;ducatives &#224; la coh&#233;sion communautaire, &#224; la qualit&#233; des liens avec autrui ou avec la nature restent marginales.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">C&#8217;est l&#224; l&#8217;une des difficult&#233;s centrales des p&#233;dagogies du <em>care</em> : les donn&#233;es sur leur capacit&#233; &#224; cr&#233;er des soci&#233;t&#233;s plus interd&#233;pendantes et plus accueillantes de la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; sont rares, voire inexistantes. M&#234;me pour les approches alternatives les mieux document&#233;es, comme Montessori, ces mesures font d&#233;faut. La polys&#233;mie du terme &#8216;care&#8217; complique la recherche, qui utilise souvent la notion de &#171; <a href="https://www.child-encyclopedia.com/pdf/complet/prosocial-behaviour">comportements prosociaux</a> &#187; comme substitut, via des m&#233;thodes d&#233;claratives<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-20" href="#footnote-20" target="_self">20</a>. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Le lien entre ces p&#233;dagogies et la valeur sociale accord&#233;e aux m&#233;tiers du <em>care</em>, ou le temps consacr&#233; &#224; l&#8217;engagement communautaire &#224; l&#8217;&#226;ge adulte, restent quant &#224; eux des terrains largement inexplor&#233;s. &#192; cela s&#8217;ajoute le co&#251;t &#233;lev&#233; d&#8217;un suivi longitudinal des effets de la scolarisation sur de tels indicateurs.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Tant que ces dimensions restent invisibles, elles demeureront difficiles &#224; financer et &#224; d&#233;fendre politiquement. Beaucoup reste donc &#224; faire pour &#233;lucider la complexit&#233; de comment se fa&#231;onnent nos relations les uns aux autres, si l&#8217;on veut pouvoir construire des &#233;coles et des soci&#233;t&#233;s qui prennent v&#233;ritablement soin.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">L&#8217;Institut des Futurs du Soin est un laboratoire d&#8217;id&#233;es et d&#8217;actions qui travaille &#224; la construction de la &#8216;soci&#233;t&#233; du care&#8217;.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Voir l&#8217;ouvrage de S&#233;bastien Charbonnier, <a href="https://lundi.am/La-fabrique-de-l-enfance">La fabrique de l&#8217;enfance</a>; et l&#8217;&#233;pisode 4 &#8216;<a href="https://shows.acast.com/qui-cest-qui-commande/episodes/episode-4-a-quoi-sert-lecole">&#192; quoi sert l&#8217;&#233;cole?</a>&#8217; du podcast de Lolita Riv&#233;, &#8216;Qui c&#8217;est qui commande?&#8217;.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Williams, N., Fletcher, J., &amp; Ma, T. (2023). Advice from M&#257;ori experts for Bicultural Early Childhood Education in Aotearoa New Zealand. <em>New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies</em>, <em>58</em>(2), 271&#8211;290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40841-023-00294-3</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Williams, N., Fletcher, J., &amp; Ma, T. (2025). Early childhood education student teachers&#8217; perceptions of implementing a bicultural curriculum. <em>Educational Review</em>, <em>77</em>(7), 2162&#8211;2180. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2024.2402798</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Durie, E. T., Latimer, G. S., &amp; Temm QC, P. B. (1996). Report of The Waitangi Tribunal on The Te Reo Maori Claim. <em>Waitangi Tribunal Department of Justice Wellington New Zealand</em>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Il est important de noter que le concept d&#8217;une &#8220;philosophie maorie&#8221; unifi&#233;e est une simplification. Williams, Fletcher &amp; Ma <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40841-023-00294-3#auth-Ngaroma-Williams-Aff1">remarquent</a> que le nom propre &#8216;M&#257;ori&#8217; a &#233;t&#233; cr&#233;&#233; par les colons europ&#233;ens pour mettre dans un m&#234;me panier toutes les communaut&#233;s autochtones d&#8217;Aotearoa.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Kral, I., Fasoli, L., Smith, H., Meek, B., &amp; Phair, R. (2021). A strong start for every indigenous child. <em>OECD Education Working Papers</em>. https://doi.org/10.1787/ebcc34a6-en</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Munford, R., Sanders, J., Maden, B., &amp; Maden, E. (2007). Blending Whanau/Family Development, Parent support And Early Childhood Education Programmes. Social Policy Journal of New Zealand, (32), 72&#8211;87.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-8" href="#footnote-anchor-8" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">8</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Toutes les r&#233;f&#233;rences de ce paragraphe issues de Jerome, L., &amp; Starkey, H. (2022). Developing children&#8217;s agency within a children&#8217;s Rights Education Framework: 10 propositions. <em>Education 3-13</em>, <em>50</em>(4), 439&#8211;451. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2022.2052233">https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2022.2052233</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-9" href="#footnote-anchor-9" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">9</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Probine, S., Perry, J., Burke, R., Alderson, J., Heta-Lensen, Y., Wrightson, H., &amp; McAlevey, F. (2024). Unique approaches to children&#8217;s inquiry in early childhood education in Aotearoa New Zealand. Early Education, 69(1), 5&#8211;16.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-10" href="#footnote-anchor-10" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">10</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Probine, S., Perry, J., Alderson, J. M., Heta-Lensen, Y., Burke, R., &amp; McAlevey, F. L. (2023). Inquiry-based Project Learning as an approach to foster wellbeing, sustained focus, and bi-cultural practice in early childhood education. <em>Australasian Journal of Early Childhood</em>, <em>49</em>(1), 49&#8211;62. https://doi.org/10.1177/18369391231212685</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-11" href="#footnote-anchor-11" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">11</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Weldemariam, K., Chan, A., Engdahl, I., Samuelsson, I. P., Katiba, T. C., Habte, T., &amp; Muchanga, R. (2022). Care and social sustainability in early childhood education: Transnational perspectives. <em>Sustainability</em>, <em>14</em>(9), 4952. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/su14094952">https://doi.org/10.3390/su14094952</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-12" href="#footnote-anchor-12" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">12</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Balto, A. M., &amp; Johansson, G. (2023). The process of vitalizing and revitalizing culture-based pedagogy in s&#225;mi schools in Sweden. <em>International Journal about Parents in Education</em>, <em>9</em>(1). https://doi.org/10.54195/ijpe.18239</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-13" href="#footnote-anchor-13" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">13</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Hooldom, J., &amp; Page, C. (2022). Building a localised curriculum in partnership with parents, wh&#257;nau and tamariki through shared interests and identities. <em>He Kupu: The Word</em>, <em>7</em>(2), 3&#8211;10.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-14" href="#footnote-anchor-14" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">14</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Probine, S., Perry, J., Burke, R., Alderson, J., Heta-Lensen, Y., Wrightson, H., &amp; McAlevey, F. (2024). Unique approaches to children&#8217;s inquiry in early childhood education in Aotearoa New Zealand. <em>Early Education</em>, <em>69</em>(1), 5&#8211;16.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-15" href="#footnote-anchor-15" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">15</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Williams, N., Fletcher, J., &amp; Ma, T. (2023). Advice from M&#257;ori experts for Bicultural Early Childhood Education in Aotearoa New Zealand. <em>New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies</em>, <em>58</em>(2), 271&#8211;290.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-16" href="#footnote-anchor-16" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">16</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Williams, N., Fletcher, J., &amp; Ma, T. (2025). </p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-17" href="#footnote-anchor-17" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">17</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Williams, N., Fletcher, J., &amp; Ma, T. (2023).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-18" href="#footnote-anchor-18" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">18</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Ibid.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-19" href="#footnote-anchor-19" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">19</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Williams, N., Fletcher, J., &amp; Ma, T. (2025).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-20" href="#footnote-anchor-20" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">20</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Lillard and Else-Quest (2006). </p><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Reimagining the left through vulnerability and care]]></title><description><![CDATA[Towards "molecular visions of our political models"]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/reimagining-the-left-through-vulnerability</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/reimagining-the-left-through-vulnerability</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 15:49:37 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Lire cet essai en fran&#231;ais [original]:</strong></p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;c13aa46a-fe03-4508-9fe6-7d09ce020ac0&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Bas&#233; &#224; Marseille, Constant Spina est journaliste, auteur, et fondateur du m&#233;dia Manifesto XXI. Il a notamment publi&#233; Manifeste pour une d&#233;mocratie d&#233;viante &#8211; Amours queer face au fascisme (&#233;ditions trouble, 2023), dans lequel il propose des pistes de r&#233;sistance ancr&#233;es dans la puissance r&#8230;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Pour une gauche du soin et de la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233;&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-31T15:10:21.716Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pour-une-gauche-du-soin-et-de-la&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:192724305,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic" width="1200" height="856" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4qdj!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4c05cdb0-d205-4d86-a5f7-7fde770823fb_1200x856.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>Composition, </em>Gazette Vasiliki. 1972, Athens School of Fine Arts. CC BY-SA.</figcaption></figure></div><p><em>Based in Marseille, </em><span class="mention-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Constant&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:311558707,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cc80a3f6-d9d3-4f06-b00b-69bf8fc29b9c_1956x1956.jpeg&quot;,&quot;uuid&quot;:&quot;3cbaf00b-a25d-4c19-a4c1-42f094656e98&quot;}" data-component-name="MentionToDOM"></span> Spina is a journalist, writer, and the founder of media outlet <em><a href="https://www.manifesto-21.com/">Manifesto XXI</a>. He is the author of <a href="https://editionstrouble.com/produits/manifeste-pour-une-democratie-deviante-amours-queers-face-au-fascisme">Manifeste pour une d&#233;mocratie d&#233;viante: Amours queer face au fascisme</a> [Manifesto for a deviant democracy: Queer love in the face of fascism; &#233;ditions trouble, 2023, untranslated], in which he proposes pathways to resistance rooted in the radical power of tenderness and care. </em></p><p><em>In the below essay, of which a version was originally published in his <a href="https://substack.com/@constantspina">newsletter</a>, he examines care and its practices in light of his own experience of vulnerability, in the perspective of a left that would make true space for all lives and all bodies. </em></p><div><hr></div><p>In 2022, a degenerative disease &#8212; scleroderma &#8212; upended my life. The following year, after an unexpected heart transplant, I found myself living with a disability. This pushed me to rethink my life and make significant decisions: I reconfigured some of my relationships, left a job that had become unbearable.</p><p>During my hospital stays, sharing daily life with other &#8220;fractured&#8221; bodies, I noticed the lack of solidarity networks &#8212; within my own circle and certain queer communities but also in public spaces.</p><p>I encountered a form of inhumanity that deeply shook me. In activist circles, even those claiming to be left-wing, I violently felt the gaze that reduced me not to a living, thinking, loving subject, but to a disabled body, a burden, almost unworthy. More than the illness itself, it was this ableist dehumanisation, sometimes well-intentioned but always brutal and controlling, that traumatised me.</p><p>The sense of existing halfway between life and death does not come solely from my transplanted heart, but from the way the social fabric around me stripped me of any legitimacy to fully exist within the spaces that were once mine. Day after day, my mental health deteriorated. I faced severe burnout, followed by medicated psychiatric care.</p><p>What I am going through &#8212; physical pain, fatigue, loneliness &#8212; is a profoundly widespread and shared experience. As the months passed, I discovered that while unique in some ways, my journey resonated with that of many others; including people with whom I would never have imagined forming connections. I met elderly people, isolated patients, activists from diverse political backgrounds, all united by the same ontological vulnerability.</p><p>Yet despite this undeniable reality, everything unfolds as if vulnerability always belonged to someone else. An unbounded hubris leads us to believe we will never find ourselves in that position. &#8220;Your able bodies are ephemeral,&#8221; chant the anti-ableist, feminist, and queer collective <a href="https://lesdevalideuses.org/">Les D&#233;valideuses</a><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>. This structural lack of empathy is entirely contradictory to any attempt to embody left-wing ideals.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png" width="80" height="80" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:80,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>For years, I had been passionately interested in the ethics of care and love as a political force. Nothing suggested I would be marked in my own flesh by the experience of permanent physical vulnerability. This experience pushed me to reassess the ableist bias through which I had viewed the world until the age of twenty-seven.</p><p>For while the transplant and disability transformed my daily life, they also offered me a new understanding of the fragilities many encounter &#8212; whether physical, psychological, social, or economic. During my lengthy stays at the clinic, including a month-long hospitalisation following the 2024 legislative elections, I had time to reflect on the left, its obstacles, and these essential questions:</p><p>Why does the left struggle to find its place within the ultra-liberal democracies of the West? Have fundamental mistakes been made in assessing the contemporary cultural landscape? Why do we fail to offer a compelling existential vision to many voters? What do our representatives lack to convey a message capable of convincing? How can the left reconnect with the realm of emotions to propose unifying and emancipatory perspectives, and thus inhabit differently the fears and feelings of abandonment that the far-right exploits?</p><p>As I explored in <em>Manifeste pour une d&#233;mocratie d&#233;viante</em>, the far-right promises to eradicate insecurity and isolation while fuelling them. The &#8216;capitalocene&#8217; &#8212; a term proposed by Italian essayist Marco Bersani<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>, which I prefer to that of &#8216;anthropocene&#8217; to specifically designate the capitalist era &#8212; perpetuates this pandemic of loneliness by imposing a fragmented, primaverist<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a> temporality. This vicious cycle feeds on the very fragility it creates.</p><p>One possible path to overcoming the deadlocks of contemporary resistance lies in organisations rooted in care and an ethics of vulnerability. Political scientist Joan Tronto, a pioneer in care studies, defines care as the set of gestures, attentions, and practices that enable us to &#8220;maintain, perpetuate and repair our world&#8221;: our bodies, our relationships, our environments<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>. It is a collective effort to support everything on which life depends.</p><p>In the continuity of this thought, sociologist Judith Butler approaches vulnerability not as a marginal or shameful state, but as central to life itself. To be vulnerable is to be exposed to others, affected by them, dependent on material, emotional, and social support networks. Primarily corporeal, this exposure is also political: certain bodies and lives are made more vulnerable by social, economic, and racial structures that determine who deserves protection, care, or compassion<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a>. To recognise this shared vulnerability is to found an ethics and politics of solidarity.</p><p>The precarity we experience throughout our lives, which I have felt in my own body, thus stems less from our physical conditions than from how society chooses to ignore or marginalise them. It is through the work of a long genealogy of queer, crip, and feminist thought that I have begun to accept and love this revolutionised life.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jlEJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jlEJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jlEJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jlEJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jlEJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jlEJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png" width="1080" height="608" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/d6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:608,&quot;width&quot;:1080,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jlEJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jlEJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jlEJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!jlEJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6261926-9345-422a-a86c-0156ac763548_1080x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Alison Kafer at the 2024 Women&#8217;s History Month Lecture at Rice University. &#169;Brandi Smith, Rice News.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Anti-ableist author Alison Kafer defines &#8216;crip studies&#8217; as a militant and theoretical field emerging from &#8216;disability studies&#8217;, which challenges social norms related to the body, autonomy, productivity, and validity. The term &#8216;crip&#8217; &#8212; originally a slur derived from &#8216;cripple&#8217; &#8212; is here politically reclaimed to describe ways of living and knowing that subvert an ableist order.</p><p>These studies draw on the experience of disability and illness to imagine new ways of inhabiting the world, valuing interdependence, slowed temporalities, care relationships, margins, and bodily dissidence. The aim is not to add disability to a list of oppressions, but to radically critique what society expects from a &#8216;normal&#8217;, capable, and performing body.</p><p>For the left to be more than a mere circle of belonging, it must once again become a proposal for evolving ecosystems. I advocate for a social movement that transports us into a new era, regardless of how long it takes. In this sense, the ethics of care (which align with the concept of romantic revolution I discuss in my <a href="https://www.manifesto-21.com/nous-sommes-a-laube-dune-revolution-romantique-intersectionnelle/">first essay</a>) and crip studies offer powerful levers for renewal.</p><p>Sometimes adopting harsh methods, akin to neo-populisms, the so-called &#8216;radical&#8217; left seems trapped in a logic of confrontation that stokes tensions and fuels ambiguity with the very hierarchies it claims to oppose: vertical and patriarchal power relations, polemical use of social media, militant purity, purges, attacks on mental health, whiteness, ableism. The left in Europe struggles to make itself heard. It appears more focused on rhetorical techniques than on the strength of its vision and embodiment.</p><p>Yet, capitalism as an anthropological phenomenon is not merely an economic system: it is also a culture, an imaginary, a way of being in the world that is consubstantial with fascism. It permeates behaviours, shapes affects, transcends partisan divides, and defines who we are far beyond our political affiliations. Being &#8216;radically left-wing&#8217; is therefore not enough to avoid being &#8216;capitalocentric&#8217; &#8212; primarily concerned with the pursuit of social, material, erotic, reputational, and other forms of capital.</p><p>If we move beyond the narrow framework of mere political advocacy, often devoid of concrete embodiment, what does it still mean to &#8216;be on the left&#8217; in our daily actions, our relationship to power, to the collective, to otherness? Even if we momentarily set aside the quest for power, what does it mean to practise and choose &#8216;the left&#8217; every day as an ontological horizon?</p><p>The left today has a precious opportunity to enter a fertile phase of reinvention, where it could rethink its promises, representations, and the political alternative it offers in the face of the right.</p><p>This vision, extending my work on love as a social force, materialises in the construction of a &#8216;care society&#8217;, which would shift the centre of gravity of our priorities from economic performance to care relationships &#8212; and the professions that make them possible, often performed by marginalised individuals.</p><p>Like many, I see the rise of fascism, the genocidal wars waged with near impunity, the increase in social precarity. Yet, I feel the need to go beyond a stance of mere opposition to the far-right. The role of the left, I believe, is to open up horizons, to imagine an alternative social project, a world where life and its transmission would be fully possible. It is about accompanying a lasting transformation rather than a revolution that goes in circles &#8212; the literal meaning of the word &#8216;revolution&#8217; implying something circular and repetitive. The left must be capable, even within its own ranks, of denouncing the powers in place and the deadly logics they perpetuate.</p><p>This echoes the critiques levelled by communist filmmaker and writer Pier Paolo Pasolini against the Italian left of the 1950s, which he accused of betraying the working classes by allying itself with the establishment. He denounced its <em>bourgeoisification</em>, its proximity to Christian Democracy, and its failure to truly transform the nation after fascism. Later, in his <em>Scritti corsari</em> (1975), the intellectual lambasted a left incapable, in his view, of understanding new forms of power &#8212; particularly consumerism, which he saw as a tentacular and impalpable totalitarian force. For him, fascism had never been as fertile as under the Republic, within which it became institutionalised and definitively normalised.</p><p>Politics is often the ambition of domination &#8212; the imposition of certain values and ways of living on others, with or without their consent. It is, in other words, the struggle to hold the monopoly of the norm. Communist philosopher Antonio Gramsci spoke of cultural hegemony. This goes beyond a simple &#8216;quest for power&#8217;, which is not in itself necessarily harmful: in the word &#8216;power&#8217; also lie deeply vital values, the power to be, the power to do, as activist Starhawk writes.</p><p>And what, ultimately, is the role of the radical left, if not to detect all forms of domination, even the most insidious?</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute is a think-and-act tank working to build a future of fair, valued and collective caregiving.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Vulnerability is an experience inherent to earthly existence, affecting each of us at different times. I deeply believe in its unifying power. Similarly, care is too often reduced to a soft aesthetic or an individual sympathetic behaviour. Instead, it should be conceived as a principle of collective organisation, a social architecture in its own right.</p><p>I would like a left that places these questions of vulnerability, care, and horizontal relationships at its core. An anti-ableist and anti-racist left, which would enable us to reflect on what, in our society, is considered fully human.</p><p>To think about the left and care is to question the presence or absence of death in our habitats. To contemplate mourning, to analyse how we hierarchise existences, render some deaths invisible, and mourn others. These burning questions permeate current events, where thousands of lives are erased in a chilling media normality.</p><p>Philosophers like Myriam Bahaffou propose moving beyond the humanist framework, so that we no longer have to measure the value of life through a utilitarian lens<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>. Instead, we should adopt a molecular vision of our political models, as imagined by Italian botanist Stefano Mancuso with his &#8216;<a href="https://www.outsideonline.com/culture/books-media/nation-plants-stefano-mancuso-review/">plant democracy&#8217;</a>. A society rooted in an underground, indestructible fabric because it is self-regenerating, nourished by attention and connections. The time is ripe for a political discourse that places all living beings, in their diversity, at the centre &#8212; far from the necropolitics of the far-right and the blind spots of the left.</p><p>Care allows us to rethink the left in its existential dimension, as a set of movements aimed, above all, at granting all lives the dignity of being lived and all deaths the dignity of being mourned. </p><p>I do not claim to open and close the subject of the left&#8217;s re-enchantment; simply to contribute a small stone to its edifice. What I sketch here is largely an invitation to widen the imagination, but many others work to craft concrete solutions that bring these principles into reality. One just has to be willing to look for them<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a>. </p><p>The challenge is to make our struggles exist beyond the reductive logic of the conquest of power, turning away from regressive dreams of domination. Redesigning the left, its ambitions, its political programmes; enriching its methods of action, meditating on its very essence and how to embody it. Envisioning other forms of presence, other ways of inhabiting this world &#8212; other ways of fighting, together.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png" width="80" height="80" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:80,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>In the spirit of what this essay calls for, the collective initiated a practice of &#8220;proxy protests&#8221;, where able-bodied women attended the annual 8th of March feminist protests across the country holding signs that said &#8220;I am here in the name of &#8230;&#8221; &#8212; with the names of disabled women unable to attend who had entrusted them with standing in their place. </p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Author notably of <em><a href="https://edizionialegre.it/product/la-rivoluzione-della-cura/">La rivoluzione della cura: Uscire dal capitalismo per avere un futuro</a> </em>(The care revolution: Exiting capitalism to have a future), 2023, Edizione Allegre.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>That which gives the illusion of a permanent, spring-like renaissance without changing anything about the deeper conditions.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tronto, J. (1993) Moral Boundaries: A Political Argument for an Ethic of Care (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003070672</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Butler, J. (2005) <a href="https://www.versobooks.com/products/1900-precarious-life?srsltid=AfmBOoo9DnpqlhYxq9FfpHncAUQzLJsaJuYFYpDjHhgidGgvZToOS00M">Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence</a>. Verso Books.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Bahaffou, M. 2025. &#201;ropolitique: &#201;cof&#233;minismes, d&#233;sir et r&#233;volution. &#201;ditions Passager clandestin.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>If you&#8217;re looking for a good place to start, I dare suggest digging through the articles published on The Fifth Wave Institute. </p><div><hr></div><p>Further reading: </p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;3175fbd1-7f63-41ab-a77c-b7bda6110f5b&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire ce texte en fran&#231;ais:&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why I left midwifery&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null},{&quot;id&quot;:189536251,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Rebecca Mack &#9749;&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;It is what it is until it isn't. Writing for better after negotiating a sea of personal, professional and political storms. Always looking for the calm.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5Qz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bf018a3-f853-41e4-91b9-203292237815_824x710.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:true,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null,&quot;primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl&quot;:&quot;https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationUrl&quot;:&quot;https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationName&quot;:&quot;This Woman's Work&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationId&quot;:2707280}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-14T14:36:20.431Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ykpP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ef5c723-0d20-4112-8888-f095cc9b4790_4752x3168.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/why-i-left-midwifery&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Essays&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:184548403,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:25,&quot;comment_count&quot;:9,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;340eb86b-0175-4647-a20c-37c643d8451b&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire cet entretien en fran&#231;ais (version originale):&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Care, autonomy, punitivism and blame in the French carceral system&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-02-06T10:30:47.353Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/if-we-dont-talk-about-prison-it-doesnt&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Interviews&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:187002396,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:6,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Pour une gauche du soin et de la vulnérabilité]]></title><description><![CDATA[Vers une "vision mol&#233;culaire de nos mod&#232;les politiques"]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pour-une-gauche-du-soin-et-de-la</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pour-une-gauche-du-soin-et-de-la</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 15:10:21 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic" width="1200" height="856" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dsg1!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F87885472-d16c-4561-b6fd-51bccc6c7314_1200x856.heic 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>Composition</em>, Gazette Vasiliki. 1972, Athens School of Fine Arts. CC BY-SA.</figcaption></figure></div><p><em>Bas&#233; &#224; Marseille, </em><span class="mention-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Constant&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:311558707,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/cc80a3f6-d9d3-4f06-b00b-69bf8fc29b9c_1956x1956.jpeg&quot;,&quot;uuid&quot;:&quot;3cbaf00b-a25d-4c19-a4c1-42f094656e98&quot;}" data-component-name="MentionToDOM"></span> Spina <em>est journaliste, auteur, et fondateur du m&#233;dia <a href="https://www.manifesto-21.com/">Manifesto XXI</a>. Il a notamment publi&#233; <a href="https://editionstrouble.com/produits/manifeste-pour-une-democratie-deviante-amours-queers-face-au-fascisme">Manifeste pour une d&#233;mocratie d&#233;viante &#8211; Amours queer face au fascisme</a> (&#233;ditions trouble, 2023), dans lequel il propose des pistes de r&#233;sistance ancr&#233;es dans la puissance radicale de la tendresse et du soin.</em></p><p><em>Dans le pr&#233;sent essai, dont une version fut d&#8217;abord publi&#233;e sur sa <a href="https://substack.com/@constantspina">newsletter</a>, il examine le soin et ses pratiques &#224; la lumi&#232;re de sa propre exp&#233;rience de la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233;, dans la perspective d&#8217;une gauche qui fasse une vraie place &#224; toutes les vies et tous les corps.</em></p><div><hr></div><p style="text-align: justify;">En 2022, une maladie d&#233;g&#233;n&#233;rative &#8211; la scl&#233;rodermie &#8211; a boulevers&#233; mon existence. L&#8217;ann&#233;e suivante, apr&#232;s une soudaine greffe de c&#339;ur, j&#8217;ai bascul&#233; dans une situation de handicap. J&#8217;ai pu repenser ma vie et prendre des d&#233;cisions importantes: reconfigurer mes relations, quitter un travail devenu p&#233;nible.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">En s&#233;journant dans les h&#244;pitaux, en partageant le quotidien de corps &#171; fractur&#233;s &#187;, j&#8217;ai constat&#233; le peu de r&#233;seaux de solidarit&#233; &#8211; aussi bien dans mon entourage et dans certaines communaut&#233;s queers que dans l&#8217;espace public.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">J&#8217;ai &#233;t&#233; confront&#233; &#224; une forme d&#8217;inhumanit&#233; qui m&#8217;a profond&#233;ment &#233;branl&#233;. Dans des milieux pourtant militants, se r&#233;clamant de la gauche, j&#8217;ai violemment ressenti ce regard qui fait de moi non pas un sujet vivant, pensant, aimant, mais un corps infirme, encombrant, presque indigne. Plus que la maladie, c&#8217;est cette d&#233;shumanisation validiste<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>, parfois bien intentionn&#233;e mais toujours brutale et contr&#244;lante, qui m&#8217;a traumatis&#233;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La sensation de vivre &#224; mi-chemin entre la vie et la mort ne me vient pas seulement de mon c&#339;ur greff&#233;, mais de cette mani&#232;re qu&#8217;a eu le tissu social autour de moi de m&#8217;&#244;ter toute part de l&#233;gitimit&#233; &#224; exister pleinement au sein des espaces qui &#233;taient les miens. Jour apr&#232;s jour, ma sant&#233; mentale s&#8217;est d&#233;t&#233;rior&#233;e. J&#8217;ai &#233;t&#233; confront&#233; &#224; un grave burn-out, suivi d&#8217;une prise en charge psychiatrique m&#233;dicament&#233;e.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ce que je traverse &#8211; la douleur physique, la fatigue, la solitude &#8211; est pourtant une exp&#233;rience profond&#233;ment diffuse et commune. Au fil des mois, j&#8217;ai en effet d&#233;couvert que bien que singulier &#224; certains &#233;gards, mon parcours r&#233;sonnait avec celui de nombreuses autres personnes, y compris des individus avec lesquels je n&#8217;aurais pas imm&#233;diatement imagin&#233; nouer des liens. J&#8217;ai rencontr&#233; des personnes &#226;g&#233;es, des malades isol&#233;&#183;es, des acteur&#183;ices de divers horizons politiques, tous&#183;tes uni&#183;es par une vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; ontologique.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Malgr&#233; cette r&#233;alit&#233;, tout se passe comme si la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; appartenait toujours &#224; l&#8217;autre. Une hybris sans limites nous porte &#224; croire que jamais nous ne serons &#224; cette place. &#8220;Vos corps valides sont &#233;ph&#233;m&#232;res&#8221;, scande le collectif anti-validiste, f&#233;ministe et queer <a href="https://lesdevalideuses.org/">Les D&#233;valideuses</a>. Ce manque structurel d&#8217;empathie est compl&#232;tement contradictoire avec toute tentative d&#8217;incarner des id&#233;aux de gauche.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png" width="80" height="80" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:80,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Depuis plusieurs ann&#233;es d&#233;j&#224;, je m&#8217;int&#233;ressais avec passion aux &#233;thiques du soin et &#224; l&#8217;amour comme force politique. Rien ne laissait pr&#233;sager que je serais marqu&#233; dans ma chair par l&#8217;exp&#233;rience de la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; physique permanente. Cette exp&#233;rience m&#8217;a pouss&#233; &#224; r&#233;&#233;valuer le biais validiste par lequel j&#8217;observais le monde jusqu&#8217;&#224; mes vingt-sept ans.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Car si la greffe et le handicap ont transform&#233; mon quotidien, ils m&#8217;ont &#233;galement offert une nouvelle lecture des fragilit&#233;s que beaucoup rencontrent, qu&#8217;elles soient physiques, psychiques, sociales ou &#233;conomiques. Lors de mes longs s&#233;jours en clinique &#8212; notamment une hospitalisation d&#8217;un mois survenue apr&#232;s les l&#233;gislatives de 2024 &#8212; j&#8217;ai eu le temps de r&#233;fl&#233;chir &#224; la gauche, &#224; ses blocages, &#224; ces questions essentielles :</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Comment se fait-il que la gauche, en Occident, peine &#224; trouver sa place au sein des d&#233;mocraties ultra-lib&#233;rales ? Des erreurs fondamentales auraient-elles &#233;t&#233; commises dans l&#8217;&#233;valuation du paysage culturel contemporain ? Pourquoi ne parvenons-nous pas &#224; offrir une vision existentielle convaincante &#224; beaucoup d&#8217;&#233;lecteurs&#183;rices ? Qu&#8217;est-ce qui fait d&#233;faut &#224; nos repr&#233;sentants pour porter un message susceptible de convaincre ? Comment la gauche peut-elle renouer avec le terrain des affects pour proposer des perspectives unificatrices et &#233;mancipatrices, et ainsi habiter autrement les &#233;motions de peur et d&#8217;abandon que l&#8217;extr&#234;me droite instrumentalise ?</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Comme je l&#8217;ai d&#233;velopp&#233; dans <em>Manifeste pour une d&#233;mocratie d&#233;viante</em>, l&#8217;extr&#234;me droite promet d&#8217;&#233;radiquer l&#8217;ins&#233;curit&#233; et l&#8217;isolement tout en les alimentant. Le capitaloc&#232;ne &#8212; terme propos&#233; par l&#8217;essayiste italien Marco Bersani<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>, que je pr&#233;f&#232;re &#224; celui d&#8217;anthropoc&#232;ne pour d&#233;signer plus sp&#233;cifiquement l&#8217;&#232;re capitaliste &#8212; parach&#232;ve cette pand&#233;mie de solitude en imposant une temporalit&#233; fragment&#233;e et primav&#233;riste<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a>. Ce cercle vicieux se nourrit de la fragilit&#233; m&#234;me qu&#8217;il engendre.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">L&#8217;une des voies possibles pour d&#233;passer les impasses des r&#233;sistances contemporaines r&#233;side dans des organisations bas&#233;es sur le soin et sur une &#233;thique de la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233;. La politologue Joan Tronto, figure pionni&#232;re des &#233;tudes sur le &#8216;care&#8217;, d&#233;finit celui-ci comme l&#8217;ensemble des gestes, attentions et pratiques qui permettent de prendre soin du monde : nos corps, nos liens, nos environnements. C&#8217;est un effort collectif visant &#224; pr&#233;server, r&#233;parer et soutenir tout ce dont d&#233;pend la vie<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Dans la continuit&#233; du <em>care</em>, la sociologue Judith Butler aborde la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; comme un &#233;tat ni marginal, ni honteux, mais au c&#339;ur du vivant. &#202;tre vuln&#233;rable, c&#8217;est &#234;tre expos&#233;&#183;e aux autres, affect&#233;&#183;e par elleux, d&#233;pendant&#183;e de r&#233;seaux de soutien mat&#233;riel, affectif et social. D&#8217;abord corporelle, cette exposition est aussi politique: certains corps et vies sont rendus plus vuln&#233;rables par des structures sociales, &#233;conomiques et raciales qui d&#233;terminent qui m&#233;rite protection, soins ou compassion<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a>. Reconna&#238;tre cette vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; partag&#233;e, c&#8217;est fonder une &#233;thique et une politique de solidarit&#233;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La pr&#233;carit&#233; que nous exp&#233;rimentons au cours de notre trajectoire, que j&#8217;ai moi-m&#234;me v&#233;cue dans ma chair, ne d&#233;coule donc pas tant de nos conditions physiques que de la mani&#232;re dont la soci&#233;t&#233; choisit de les ignorer ou de les marginaliser. C&#8217;est gr&#226;ce aux travaux d&#8217;une longue g&#233;n&#233;alogie queer, crip et f&#233;ministe que je commence &#224; accepter et aimer cette vie r&#233;volutionn&#233;e.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MZff!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MZff!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MZff!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MZff!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MZff!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MZff!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png" width="1080" height="608" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:608,&quot;width&quot;:1080,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MZff!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MZff!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MZff!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!MZff!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42f03987-b902-4f04-9ed7-86f48a49b069_1080x608.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Alison Kafer &#224; la 2024 Women&#8217;s History Month Lecture de Rice University. &#169;Brandi Smith, <a href="https://news.rice.edu/news/2024/womens-history-month-lecture-spotlights-disability-rights-debate-over-abortion-access">Rice News</a>.</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">L&#8217;autrice anti-validiste <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/publications-de-alison-kafer--792147?lang=fr">Alison Kafer</a> d&#233;finit les &#8216;crip studies&#8217; comme un champ militant et th&#233;orique n&#233; des &#8216;disability studies&#8217;, qui interroge les normes sociales relatives au corps, &#224; l&#8217;autonomie, &#224; la productivit&#233; et &#224; la validit&#233;. Le terme &#8216;crip&#8217; &#8212; initialement une insulte d&#233;riv&#233;e de <em>cripple</em> (infirme) &#8212; est ici r&#233;appropri&#233; politiquement pour d&#233;signer des formes de vie et de savoirs qui subvertissent l&#8217;ordre validiste.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ces &#233;tudes s&#8217;appuient sur l&#8217;exp&#233;rience du handicap et de la maladie pour imaginer de nouvelles fa&#231;ons d&#8217;habiter le monde, valorisant interd&#233;pendance, temporalit&#233;s ralenties, relations de soin, marges et dissidences corporelles. Il ne s&#8217;agit pas d&#8217;ajouter le handicap &#224; une liste d&#8217;oppressions, mais de critiquer radicalement ce que la soci&#233;t&#233; attend d&#8217;un corps &#171; normal &#187;, capable et performant.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Pour que la gauche soit plus qu&#8217;un simple cercle d&#8217;appartenance, un label ou une identit&#233; fig&#233;e, elle doit redevenir une proposition d&#8217;&#233;volution des &#233;cosyst&#232;mes au sens large. Je plaide pour un mouvement social qui nous transporte dans une nouvelle &#232;re, peu importe le temps que cela prendra. En ce sens, l&#8217;&#233;thique du <em>care</em> (qui s&#8217;approche du concept de r&#233;volution romantique &#233;voqu&#233; dans mon <a href="https://www.manifesto-21.com/nous-sommes-a-laube-dune-revolution-romantique-intersectionnelle/">premier essai</a>) et les <em>crip studies</em> offrent des leviers puissants de renouvellement.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Adoptant parfois des m&#233;thodes dures, &#224; la mani&#232;re des n&#233;o-populismes, la gauche dite &#8216;radicale&#8217; semble enferm&#233;e dans une logique de confrontation qui attise les tensions et alimente les zones de flou avec pr&#233;cis&#233;ment les hi&#233;rarchies contre lesquelles elle se dit lutter: rapport vertical et patriarcal au pouvoir, usage pol&#233;mique des r&#233;seaux sociaux, puret&#233; militante, purges, atteintes &#224; la sant&#233; mentale des personnes, blanchit&#233;, validisme. Les gauches ont du mal, en Europe, &#224; se faire entendre. Elles paraissent plus focalis&#233;es sur des techniques rh&#233;toriques que sur la puissance de leur vision et de leur incarnation.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Or, le capitalisme comme ph&#233;nom&#232;ne anthropologique ne se r&#233;duit pas &#224; un syst&#232;me &#233;conomique : c&#8217;est aussi une culture, un imaginaire, une mani&#232;re d&#8217;&#234;tre au monde qui est consubstantiel au fascisme. Il traverse les comportements, fa&#231;onne les affects, d&#233;passe les clivages partisans, et d&#233;termine les sujets que nous sommes bien au-del&#224; de nos affiliations politiques. &#202;tre de &#8220;gauche radicale&#8221; ne suffit donc pas &#224; ne pas &#234;tre des personnalit&#233;s &#8216;capitalocentr&#233;es&#8217;, attentives principalement &#224; la qu&#234;te de capitaux sociaux, mat&#233;riels, &#233;rotiques, r&#233;putationnels etc.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Si l&#8217;on d&#233;passe le cadre &#233;troit du simple plaidoyer politicien, souvent d&#233;nu&#233; d&#8217;incarnations concr&#232;tes, que signifie encore &#171; &#234;tre de gauche &#187; dans nos gestes quotidiens, nos rapports au pouvoir, au collectif, &#224; l&#8217;alt&#233;rit&#233; ? Quitte &#224; mettre un instant de c&#244;t&#233; la conqu&#234;te du pouvoir, que veut dire pratiquer la gauche et la choisir tous les jours comme horizon ontologique?</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La gauche dispose aujourd&#8217;hui d&#8217;une opportunit&#233; pr&#233;cieuse d&#8217;entrer dans une phase f&#233;conde de r&#233;invention, o&#249; elle pourrait repenser ses promesses, ses repr&#233;sentations et l&#8217;alternative politique qu&#8217;elle propose face aux droites.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cette vision, dans le prolongement de mes travaux sur l&#8217;amour en tant que force sociale, se mat&#233;rialise dans la construction d&#8217;une &#8220;soci&#233;t&#233; du care&#8221;, qui d&#233;placerait le centre de gravit&#233; de nos priorit&#233;s depuis la performance &#233;conomique vers la relation de soin &#8212; et les m&#233;tiers qui la rendent possible, souvent exerc&#233;s par des personnes minoris&#233;es.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">J&#8217;observe, comme beaucoup, la mont&#233;e des fascismes, les guerres g&#233;nocidaires men&#233;es dans une quasi-impunit&#233;, la pr&#233;carisation sociale croissante. Pourtant, je ressens la n&#233;cessit&#233; d&#8217;aller au-del&#224; d&#8217;une posture de refus &#171; contre l&#8217;extr&#234;me droite &#187;. Le r&#244;le de la gauche est, je pense, d&#8217;ouvrir des horizons, d&#8217;imaginer un projet social alternatif, un monde o&#249; la vie et sa transmission seraient pleinement possibles. Il s&#8217;agit d&#8217;accompagner une transformation durable plut&#244;t qu&#8217;une r&#233;volution qui tournerait en rond &#8211; le sens litt&#233;ral du mot &#8220;r&#233;volution&#8221; impliquant d&#8217;ailleurs quelque chose de circulaire qui se r&#233;p&#232;te. La gauche doit &#234;tre capable, y compris en son sein, de d&#233;noncer les pouvoirs en place et les logiques mortif&#232;res qu&#8217;ils perp&#233;tuent.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cela rappelle les critiques formul&#233;es par le r&#233;alisateur et &#233;crivain communiste Pier Paolo Pasolini &#224; l&#8217;&#233;gard de la gauche italienne des ann&#233;es 1950, qu&#8217;il accuse d&#8217;avoir trahi les classes populaires en s&#8217;alliant &#224; l&#8217;<em>establishment</em>. Il d&#233;nonce son embourgeoisement, sa proximit&#233; avec la D&#233;mocratie chr&#233;tienne, et son incapacit&#233; &#224; transformer r&#233;ellement la nation apr&#232;s le fascisme. Plus tard, dans ses <a href="https://editions.flammarion.com/ecrits-corsaires/9782080498946">&#201;crits corsaires</a> (Scritti corsari, 1975), l&#8217;intellectuel fustige une gauche incapable, selon lui, de comprendre les nouvelles formes du pouvoir &#8212; notamment le consum&#233;risme, qu&#8217;il voit comme une force totalitaire tentaculaire et impalpable. Pour lui, le fascisme n&#8217;a jamais &#233;t&#233; aussi f&#233;cond que sous la R&#233;publique, au sein de laquelle il s&#8217;est institutionnalis&#233; et d&#233;finitivement banalis&#233;.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La politique est souvent l&#8217;ambition de la domination &#8212; l&#8217;imposition de certaines valeurs et mani&#232;res de vivre aux autres, avec ou sans leur consentement. C&#8217;est, autrement dit, la lutte pour poss&#233;der le monopole de la norme. Le philosophe communiste Antonio Gramsci parlait d&#8217;h&#233;g&#233;monie culturelle. Cela va au-del&#224; d&#8217;une simple &#8216;qu&#234;te du pouvoir&#8217; qui, elle, n&#8217;est pas en soi n&#233;cessairement n&#233;faste: dans le verbe &#8216;pouvoir&#8217; r&#233;sident aussi des valeurs profond&#233;ment vitales, pouvoir <em>&#234;tre</em>, pouvoir <em>faire</em>, comme l&#8217;&#233;crit l&#8217;activiste Starhawk.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Et quel est, en fin de compte, le r&#244;le de la gauche radicale, sinon de rep&#233;rer toutes les formes de domination, m&#234;me les plus insidieuses ?</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute, bient&#244;t Institut des Futurs du Soin, est un think-and-act tank d&#233;di&#233; &#224; la construction de la &#8216;soci&#233;t&#233; du care&#8217;.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p style="text-align: justify;">La vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; est une exp&#233;rience inh&#233;rente &#224; l&#8217;&#234;tre terrestre, qui traverse chacun&#183;e &#224; diff&#233;rents moments. Je crois profond&#233;ment en son pouvoir f&#233;d&#233;rateur. De la m&#234;me mani&#232;re, le soin est trop souvent r&#233;duit &#224; une esth&#233;tique douce ou un comportement individuel, sympathique et chaleureux. Il doit plut&#244;t &#234;tre pens&#233; comme un principe d&#8217;organisation collective, une architecture sociale &#224; part enti&#232;re.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">J&#8217;aimerais appeler &#224; une gauche qui mette en son c&#339;ur ces questions de vuln&#233;rabilit&#233;, de soin et d&#8217;horizontalit&#233; des relations. Une gauche antivalidiste et antiraciste, qui nous permette de r&#233;fl&#233;chir &#224; ce qui, dans notre soci&#233;t&#233;, est consid&#233;r&#233; comme pleinement humain.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Penser la gauche et le soin, c&#8217;est interroger la pr&#233;sence ou l&#8217;absence de la mort dans nos habitats. Contempler le deuil, analyser la mani&#232;re dont nous hi&#233;rarchisons les existences, invisibilisons certains d&#233;c&#232;s et en pleurons d&#8217;autres. Ces questions br&#251;lantes traversent l&#8217;actualit&#233;, o&#249; des milliers de vies sont effac&#233;es dans une normalit&#233; m&#233;diatique gla&#231;ante.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Des philosophes comme Myriam Bahaffou <a href="https://www.lepassagerclandestin.fr/catalogue/essais/eropolitique/">proposent</a> de sortir du cadre humaniste, pour qu&#8217;on n&#8217;ait plus &#224; param&#233;trer la valeur du vivant par un prisme utilitariste, racial et validiste<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>. Adopter, plut&#244;t, une vision mol&#233;culaire de nos mod&#232;les politiques, comme l&#8217;imagine le botaniste italien Stefano Mancuso avec sa &#8216;<a href="https://basta.media/les-plantes-sont-extraordinaires-c-est-un-modele-decentralise-dont-tous-les">d&#233;mocratie v&#233;g&#233;tale</a>&#8217;. Une soci&#233;t&#233; ancr&#233;e dans un tissu souterrain, indestructible parce qu&#8217;auto-r&#233;g&#233;n&#233;ratif, nourri par l&#8217;attention et les liens. L&#8217;heure est m&#251;re pour un discours politique o&#249; le <em>vivant</em>, dans toute sa diversit&#233;, est plac&#233; au centre &#8211; loin des <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-raisons-politiques-2006-1-page-29?lang=fr">n&#233;cropolitiques</a><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a> d&#8217;extr&#234;me droite et des angles morts de la gauche.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Le soin permet de repenser la gauche dans sa dimension existentielle, comme un ensemble de mouvements visant, avant tout, &#224; garantir &#224; toutes les vies la dignit&#233; d&#8217;&#234;tre v&#233;cues et &#224; toutes les morts la dignit&#233; d&#8217;&#234;tre pleur&#233;es.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Je ne pr&#233;tend pas ouvrir et clore le sujet du r&#233;enchantement de la gauche, mais apporter une petite pierre &#224; cet &#233;difice. Le d&#233;fi est de faire exister nos luttes autrement qu&#8217;&#224; travers les logiques r&#233;ductrices de la domination. Redessiner la gauche, ses ambitions, ses programmes politiques; enrichir ses m&#233;thodes d&#8217;action, m&#233;diter &#224; son essence m&#234;me et &#224; comment la personnifier. Penser d&#8217;autres formes de pr&#233;sence, d&#8217;autres mani&#232;res d&#8217;habiter ce monde &#8212; d&#8217;autres fa&#231;ons de lutter, ensemble.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png" width="80" height="80" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:80,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" title="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!3G0o!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F37ad28a3-d6f5-4eee-bbf2-fa9efc3017ff_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Le validisme est d&#233;fini comme un &#8220;syste&#768;me d&#8217;oppression subi par les personnes handicape&#769;es du fait de leur non correspondance aux normes me&#769;dicales e&#769;tablissant la validite&#769;. Un ensemble de capacite&#769;s seraient attendues d&#8217;un corps pour qu&#8217;il soit conside&#769;re&#769; comme humain. L&#8217;ide&#769;ologie validiste postule que les corps non correspondants, juge&#769;s handicape&#769;s, ont alors moins de valeur. Ils sont naturellement conside&#769;re&#769;s comme infe&#769;rieurs, et donc discriminables.&#8221; (Le Manifeste des D&#233;valideuses, 2021).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p style="text-align: justify;">Auteur notamment de <em><a href="https://edizionialegre.it/product/la-rivoluzione-della-cura/">La rivoluzione della cura: Uscire dal capitalismo per avere un futuro</a> </em>(La r&#233;volution du care: Sortir du capitalisme pour construire le futur), 2023, Edizione Allegre.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Qui donne l&#8217;illusion d&#8217;une renaissance permanente tout en ne changeant rien aux conditions profondes.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tronto, J. 1993. Un monde vuln&#233;rable: Pour une politique du care. &#201;ditions La D&#233;couverte (trad. 2012).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Butler, J. 2005. Vie pr&#233;caire: Les pouvoirs du deuil et de la violence apr&#232;s le 11 septembre 2001. Pour une exploration tr&#232;s &#233;clairante des travaux de Butler sur le sensible et la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233;, voir Am&#233;lie Bescond et Lucile Richard, Judith Butler: Une politique du sensible. Raisons politiques 2019/4-76 , pp. 5-11.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Bahaffou, M. 2025. &#201;ropolitique: &#201;cof&#233;minismes, d&#233;sir et r&#233;volution. &#201;ditions Passager clandestin.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Concept d&#233;velopp&#233; par le philosophe et politologue camerounais Achille Mbembe, qui exprime l&#8217;hypoth&#232;se que &#8220;l&#8217;expression ultime de la souverainet&#233; r&#233;side largement dans le pouvoir et la capacit&#233; de dire qui pourra vivre et qui doit mourir&#8221;. (Mbembe, A. 2006. N&#233;cropolitique. Raisons politiques, no 21(1), 29-60. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3917/rai.021.0029">https://doi.org/10.3917/rai.021.0029</a>)</p><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Can tech truly work for care?]]></title><description><![CDATA[A third way between luddites and techno-solutionists hinges on a key value: humility]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/can-tech-truly-work-for-care</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/can-tech-truly-work-for-care</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Zoë Clark]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 09:11:18 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg" width="2675" height="1715" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1715,&quot;width&quot;:2675,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:715909,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/192071871?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Faa69ced1-cf13-45bf-90c8-cc3d239bc67d_4032x1715.heic&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!yd2F!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F157d9e5f-3e44-41ab-8115-4b2f36e82a6d_2675x1715.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">A man and a small child outside a pharmacy in Vietnam. &#169;Chew Chew on Unsplash.</figcaption></figure></div><p style="text-align: justify;">Caregiving is often posed as the last bastion of life that should remain untouched by technology. Even traditionally tech-friendly news outlets are routinely concerned with the impact of AI and automation on our medical and interpersonal care systems:</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.economist.com/leaders/2025/12/04/how-ai-is-rewiring-childhood">The Economist: How AI is rewiring childhood<br></a><a href="https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2025/11/11/the-promise-and-the-perils-of-using-ai-for-therapy">The Economist: Millions are turning to AI for therapy<br></a><a href="https://www.ft.com/content/f3658db4-0bd5-4a0e-af9f-8f7a14f05603">The FT: Why your AI companion is not your friend<br></a><a href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/clyg63e3mq4o">BBC: Is this the year domestic robots come into our homes?</a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Many see the application of technology to care as cold, sterile and removed of the essential humanity that care requires. But is this <em>intrinsically</em> true? Are technology and care truly incompatible, or is it our applications that need figuring out?</p><p style="text-align: justify;">My master&#8217;s degree is in computer science, and my thesis was in the field of human-computer interaction (HCI). HCI is a multi-disciplinary area which studies how people interact with digital technologies in order to make those interactions useful, adequate, meaningful, and ethical. I focused on building play technologies &#8211; think interactive toys &#8211; to encourage social play in mixed groups of neurodiverse and neurotypical children. Play is essential for early development, but autistic children are often excluded from social play groups due to differences in social and communication preferences. Building the right kinds of toys can facilitate social play within groups, leading to more positive play interactions for all children.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>An uneasy pairing </strong><br>Technology is pervasive throughout caregiving: from toys for children and baby monitors to telephones and personal alarms (which detect falls or shaking motions and help access emergency care) as well as medical technology (x-rays, MRIs, ultrasounds) and accessibility tech (wheelchairs, hearing aids, prosthetics, and in the near future, self-driving cars). We use technology to extend human capacity and reduce unnecessary suffering, but also to facilitate connection where physical restraints preclude it. A loved one can be on the other side of the world, hard of hearing, or still inside the womb, and technology can help to connect us.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Despite this long history of compatibility, the addition of modern technologies to social wellbeing and care solutions often feels deeply uncomfortable. Even as someone who has spent time researching and building in this field, I feel a persistent unease when reading headlines about AI in schools, robots in houses, or surveillance technologies introduced into care homes for older people.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">This discomfort reflects more than a fear of novelty. Instead, it points to an underlying awareness that modern societies are already struggling to provide care in ways that feel sufficiently humane and relational. We intuitively perceive that technology is being introduced not to deepen care, but to compensate for its absence. Care systems are overstretched, so technological solutions act as substitutes for true time and presence.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Maternal care is one such system. Modern obstetric technologies such as continuous f&#339;tal monitoring have undoubtedly saved countless lives and remain essential in high-risk situations. Yet their routine and sometimes unnecessary application has also led to <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/06/health/electronic-fetal-monitoring-c-sections.html">significant harm</a><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>. Over-medicalising a typically healthy physiological process tends to reduce the autonomy of those giving birth<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>, and marginalise midwifery and community-based birth practices. It is not surprising, then, that many people working at the frontiers of obstetrics respond by calling for a return to older or &#8220;lost&#750; practises, forms of care grounded in community or embodied knowledge built up through generations of human experience. Yet once again, while the majority of women who have doula-assisted or home births feel empowered by the experience, a more extreme though fringe tendency to reject modernity altogether can have <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/series/the-birth-keepers">fatal consequences</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Similarly, the recent use of AI to address pervasive loneliness in society feels disturbingly miscalculated. The concern many of us experience when confronted with AI companions, chatbots designed for emotional support, or &#8220;<a href="https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/2025/10/friend-ai-companion-ads/684451/">friendship</a>&#750; technologies that provide artificial intimacy stems from a recognition that these are being positioned as remedies for structural failures rather than as complements to a healthy social life. They fail to distinguish between <em>supporting </em>care and <em>overriding </em>it. If our patterns of work, urban design, digital use, and economic incentives have produced widespread isolation, fracturing communities and leaving people with little time or energy for relationships, introducing artificial companions merely risks compounding this harm.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Money is of course a big factor here. It is much cheaper to offer someone a chatbot than to hire a care professional; and unlike relational care therapies, one can get very wealthy selling tech solutions. Technological tools facilitate the privatisation of care, allowing the state to outsource part of its responsibilities. This can be a good thing, enabling national institutions like the UK&#8217;s NHS to access ground-breaking treatment technologies they would not have had the capacity to develop themselves. For example, FLOW headsets used to treat treatment-resistant depression through stimulation of specific brain regions have shown really promising results, and are now <a href="https://www.flowneuroscience.com/nhs-flow-pilot/">used</a> by the NHS in a number of areas. However, private companies&#8217; growth imperative means they often need to continuously push these tools towards new users, even those who would be better served by relational therapies.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Like other societal failures of care, mental illness and loneliness at scale are the outcome of decades of policy choices and cultural shifts. Addressing them meaningfully will require slow, contested, and deeply political changes, along with significant investment whose returns will not be visible within one electoral cycle. Technological solutions, by contrast, can be developed and scaled rapidly by a small number of people. They offer the appearance of action without demanding structural change, and in doing so risk us dismissing loneliness as an individual condition rather than a collective failure. By investing in a technology, a company or government can say, &#8220;We are actively working to tackle loneliness and improve mental health&#8221; without actually having to make any difficult decisions or long-term changes. This is easy to see in the workplace, where companies will buy a subscription to apps like Headspace in the name of protecting employee wellbeing, without addressing the structural issues contributing to stress and burnout. We are adding plant food and hoping to see flowers bloom, while the roots continue to rot beneath the surface. Without looking at the underlying conditions that sustain human connection, technological interventions risk producing superficial growth while accelerating the decay below.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Given this, it might seem like the inclusion of tech in the future of care is exclusively problematic. Yet the benefits touched on above remain real, and there are constructive ways to harness them. To understand what a more balanced approach could look like, I spoke to Elaine Czech and Rachel Keys, two researchers from the BIG (Bristol Interaction Group) lab, which works to improve people&#700;s lives through the design and study of technology.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>To trust or not to trust your smart watch<br></strong>Rachel&#700;s motivations to work in HCI began as deeply personal. Her husband became unwell with a heart condition that doctors would not take seriously. Through a wearable device (think smart watches), he was able to gather data and use it as evidence that further investigation was needed. He was eventually rushed to hospital for treatment.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Following this experience, Rachel chose to do her PhD research on the use of wearables in the diagnosis and support of people with heart conditions. She has lived experience of the fact that technology can provide invaluable data that allows people to access the appropriate care. This has been particularly important for women and minority groups, whose self-reported symptoms are still not taken as seriously by medical professionals. Women&#8217;s health has historically been shockingly <a href="https://www.aamc.org/news/why-we-know-so-little-about-women-s-health">underresearched</a><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a>, and the widespread use of digital trackers is helping to <a href="https://www.clinicalleader.com/doc/closing-the-gender-gap-in-clinical-trials-with-digital-devices-0001">address</a> this imbalance faster than the medical research community could do alone<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">These tools allow users to conduct long-term research on themselves, tracking symptoms over months and years. This, Rachel pointed out, is especially useful for women whose hormonal changes mean symptoms can appear over the course of many months, and present atypically. Wearables allow people to see what their &#8220;normal&#750; is and track detailed information over extended periods of time. For women with POTS and long Covid, wearable-generated data can offer especially meaningful insights.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Here, technology helps people advocate for themselves and receive support tailored to their needs, without medical practitioners making potentially biased assumptions about which categories they fall into. We shouldn&#8217;t be in a situation where many people still have to fight for their symptoms to be taken seriously &#8211; but seeing as we are, we should make use of the tools we now have at our disposal as part of the push for substantial  change.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The major downside at the moment, Rachel explained, is that &#8220;health care professionals don&#700;t know whether to trust the data&#750;. Wearables often cannot market themselves as medical devices, which would subject them to different product legislation &#8211; so they call themselves &#8220;wellness&#750; devices. They often function as black boxes, meaning we don&#700;t know exactly how the data is being collected and processed, and therefore struggle to assess the quality of the measurements. &#8220;It puts doctors in difficult situations, because the data is so medicalised that they feel they <em>have</em> to act on it. Research coming out of the US is showing that wearables lead to excess use of medical resources and over-intervention<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a>&#8221;. We are all naturally concerned with our health &#8211; but having access to a constant feed of information risks encouraging us to needlessly investigate perfectly normal variations.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Building </strong><em><strong>with</strong></em><strong> those we are building </strong><em><strong>for<br></strong></em>Elaine Czech&#8217;s research currently focuses on building tools for people with Parkinson&#700;s. She has been designing a study that uses a wearable device triangulated with home cameras to monitor the progression of the disease over time. We spoke about the importance of people working in HCI acting as &#8220;translators&#750; between the engineers and end users.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#8220;End users can&#8217;t necessarily articulate what they want really clearly or in computer science terms&#8221;, she explained, &#8220;and so the engineers are stuck&#750;. Translators are therefore vital in making sure that the needs of caregivers and care receivers are heard, while mitigating expectations of what a technology can truly deliver. Elaine emphasised the importance of engineers and researchers beginning to look at &#8220;care ecosystems&#750;. Care is, at its core, relational: it is never received or delivered in isolation. Yet most research is still focused on solutions for individuals. Elaine is lobbying for more research on dyads &#8211; mostly couples. Her research mainly centres on older people living with long-term health conditions, most of whom live with a partner, so any technological support needs to work for both people. Like physical spaces, care technology must be designed to center interpersonal exchange.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Giving people agency in the kinds of technologies available to them is an essential step towards this goal. Part of my own research focused on the importance of including the people you are building <em>for </em>as an essential part of the design process. In developing toys for social play, we designed activities that encourage children to come up with games that get everyone involved, including people with specific sensory or social preferences. These game designs were then used as foundational in the technology design phase. Co-design values lived experience alongside technical and design expertise, and involves actively listening to care recipients and practitioners to understand the heart of their concerns. As such, it stands a much better chance of addressing the root causes of failures of care.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">To achieve co-design at scale, various groups need to be willing to participate in research and work with developers. This highlights another barrier researchers face: participation. Researchers fight an uphill battle in recruiting participants for studies. In the UK, one of the best ways to recruit from a diverse pool of people is to get NHS ethics approval, which allows you to advertise your study through hospitals and GP practices, and lends reassurance to wary volunteers. However, many researchers won&#700;t even apply for NHS ethics because the approval process takes too long &#8211; up to 18 months, which on a 3-year PhD program, just isn&#8217;t viable. If we are going to build technologies that really work for the people who need them, we need to change the systems that prohibit this research from happening.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">People also need to be willing to partake. It is a big ask to open your life up to potentially invasive research with no promise that it will be successful. This is further hampered by a history of  unethical research programmes: Elaine pointed to the Tuskegee syphilis study, a shocking example of medical malpractice where known treatments were purposefully withheld from 400 African-American men with syphilis in order to observe the progression of the disease<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>. More than a hundred of them died as a result.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Stay in your lane<br></strong>In many ways, our discomfort with the application of technology to care is less about the tools themselves than about what they reveal. The use of tech functions as a microcosm for our systems at large, making visible the absences and inequities already present in them. At its worst, tech can be used to dehumanise, isolate, over-intervene, and mask serious flaws in our delivery of care. At its best, it allows people to gain back their autonomy, and provides life-saving information or intervention.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The main issue seems to be a lack of what we could call &#8216;technological humility&#8217;. Tech enthusiasts are famously very good at claiming that tech will <a href="https://fortune.com/2026/02/13/when-will-ai-kill-white-collar-office-jobs-18-months-microsoft-mustafa-suleyman/">overtake our lives</a> and solve all of our problems, and very bad at admitting that it makes some of the latter hopelessly worse. A welcome example of humility came from Arthur Mensch, the founder of Mistral, France&#8217;s AI giant. At a <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=boIiMLR37kA">conference</a> given last month to students of the country&#8217;s top engineering school, he said:</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#171; We don&#8217;t believe in the techno-solutionism that seems to prevail on the US West Coast, which consists in thinking that all the world&#8217;s problems will be solved by artificial general intelligence. (&#8230;) It will not solve climate change &#8212; it objectively tends to make it worse &#8212; and it won&#8217;t solve our issues with care, with contact, with our ageing populations. There is an entire class of care and relational jobs where AI only has a minor role to play. &#187;</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Such pragmatism is refreshing. For tech to work in care, it has to accept being a supportive background player, instead of trying to take over the entire field. Public care systems need leadership that is extremely clear-eyed about the limitations of technological tools, and extremely ambitious about investing in <em>people. </em>That means higher salaries, better working conditions, more relational training, improved communication between designers and end users, and reduced barriers to essential research. It could also mean radical measures: France&#8217;s national agency for the social economy recommends the exclusive delegation of all care activities to the state and to mission-oriented private companies by 2050<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a>. Paradoxically, by bringing our failures to light, the technological revolution might be the very thing that forces us to confront what good care truly requires.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute is a think-and-act-tank working to build a future of fair, valued and collective caregiving.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Angolile CM, Max BL, Mushemba J, Mashauri HL. Global increased cesarean section rates and public health implications: A call to action. Health Sci Rep. 2023 May 18;6(5):e1274.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Mascarenhas Silva CH, Laranjeira CLS, Pinheiro WF, de Melo CSB, Campos E Silva VO, Brand&#227;o AHF, Rego F, Nunes R. Pregnant women autonomy when choosing their method of childbirth: Scoping review. PLoS One. 2024 Jul 11;19(7).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>See also Pure Unity Health, &#8216;<a href="https://pureunityhealth.co.uk/resources/blog/addressing-the-womens-health-gap-in-the-nhs/">Addressing the Women&#8217;s Health Gap in the NHS</a>&#8217;.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Regensteiner, J. G., McNeil, M., Faubion, S. S., Bairey-Merz, C. N., Gulati, M., Joffe, H., Redberg, R. F., Rosen, S. E., Reusch, J. E.-B., &amp; Klein, W. (2025). Barriers and solutions in women&#8217;s health research and clinical care: A call to action. The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, 44, 101037. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2025.101037">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2025.101037</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>See Cheung, C. C., &amp; Saad, M. (2024). Wearable devices and psychological wellbeing&#8212;Are we overthinking it? Journal of the American Heart Association, 13(15), e035962. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.124.035962">https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.124.035962</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Brandt, A. M. (1978). Racism and Research: The Case of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study. The Hastings Center Report, 8(6), 21&#8211;29. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2307/3561468">https://doi.org/10.2307/3561468</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>ESS France, <a href="https://www.ess-france.org/position-d-ess-france-strategie-nationale-de-developpement-de-l-ess">Strat&#233;gie nationale de d&#233;veloppement de l&#8217;ESS</a>, 22/09/2025.</p><div><hr></div><p>Further reading:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;2bfca647-214c-47fd-b671-ab6179c67728&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire cet entretien en fran&#231;ais:&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Building feminist solidarity around care, with Palestinian researcher and activist Sarah Kaddoura&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-05T17:22:24.501Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6l2D!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35468f1e-9f2e-488f-951f-8ebe97b3deb8_1200x1600.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/building-feminist-solidarity-around&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Interviews&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:189808606,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:9,&quot;comment_count&quot;:2,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;94c9cd50-2ca6-4292-b69b-0f810cafbf6e&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Eva-Luna Tholance is a doula, queer feminist activist, and journalist specialised in sexual health and medical violence. She co-edited the collective volume Coming into the World: Autonomy, Dignity, and Struggles for Reproductive Justice, [in French, not yet translated] published in September.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Birth, revisited: the power of reproductive justice&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-11-07T16:16:18.477Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8GEL!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53484905-df3b-4460-adb0-0cdf1982c66e_3596x2393.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/birth-revisited&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Interviews&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:178271288,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:9,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;4f9033a3-b8b8-496a-926a-9ddcba93602b&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Overcoming the institutional paradox of care&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-09-03T18:23:54.856Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_sv2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf3ad1eb-5d8c-4f2d-a502-bcd37b5a4c23_1600x1066.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/overcoming-the-institutional-paradox&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Essays&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:172699395,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:20,&quot;comment_count&quot;:2,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Building feminist solidarity around care, with Palestinian researcher and activist Sarah Kaddoura]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#8220;We have an opportunity to connect more meaningfully than we ever have&#8221;]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/building-feminist-solidarity-around</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/building-feminist-solidarity-around</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 05 Mar 2026 17:22:24 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6l2D!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35468f1e-9f2e-488f-951f-8ebe97b3deb8_1200x1600.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Lire cet entretien en fran&#231;ais:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;fe74d999-9741-4f67-8036-d4978477a0ab&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Sarah Kaddoura est une militante f&#233;ministe, doctorante, et cr&#233;atrice de contenu palestinienne. Install&#233;e &#224; Madrid, elle pr&#233;pare actuellement une th&#232;se consacr&#233;e &#224; la &#8216;manosph&#232;re&#8217; dans le monde arabe, et anime des formations d&#8217;&#233;ducation politique avec&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Tisser des solidarit&#233;s f&#233;ministes autour du soin, avec la chercheuse et militante palestinienne Sarah Kaddoura&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-05T16:58:12.928Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-o0s!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ac739bc-ccc4-475e-bce1-b727648e5013_1200x1600.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/tisser-des-solidarites-feministes&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:189876905,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!6l2D!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F35468f1e-9f2e-488f-951f-8ebe97b3deb8_1200x1600.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Sarah Kaddoura. </figcaption></figure></div><p><em><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarah-kaddoura-96000b100/">Sarah Kaddoura</a> is a Palestinian feminist researcher, activist, content creator, and organizer. Based in Madrid, she is currently working towards a PhD focused on the Arab manosphere, and facilitates political education teach-ins with <a href="https://southfeministfutures.org/">South Feminist Futures</a>. She also analyses social movements and contemporary debates through the lens of feminist theory on her YouTube channel, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@hakinasawi">Haki Nasawi</a>.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>In this interview for <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/about">The Fifth Wave Institute</a>, we spoke about the roots of her feminism, starting in Lebanon where the exploitation of domestic workers is a key issue for activism. We spoke about funding streams, how they boost masculinist groups and build structural barriers to feminist organising; about the violence faced by women in Gaza, and the risks of romanticising their pain.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Sarah&#8217;s words open paths of reflection into how a feminism rooted in care, community, interdependence and collective liberation offers an opportunity to go beyond the often narrow confines of Western liberal structures, and build new bridges towards each other.</em></p><div><hr></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>What was your introduction to feminism?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">I grew up in southern Lebanon, in the fairly conservative town of Saida. Before even knowing what feminism was, I always felt a strong sense of injustice. My father passed away when I was eight, so I was raised by my mum in a society that puts a lot of pressure on women and mothers, particularly widows. I was raised differently to my brothers &#8211; I didn&#8217;t have theory to back it up, but I could tell from daily interactions that there was a double standard. I became curious about what life could potentially be without the control of certain powers and norms.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">My first proper interaction with feminist ideas was online. At the time, in the early 2010s, Tumblr brimmed with people sharing their experiences, their understanding of gender, women&#8217;s rights, sexuality. Many of those discussions challenged my ingrained principles.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then, in 2013, I moved out to go to university and started to read feminist literature through the library there. I also had an incredible philosophy professor who made us read classic feminist texts. There were gradual levels of learning and finding my space within the movement.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Eventually, two of my friends and I co-founded an intersectional feminist club. We hosted readings, conferences, panels on feminist resistance and liberation. We were the first on campus to really broach the status of the LGBTQ+ community, the promises and limits of what could be achieved through legal change. Those were some of the harder conversations, as there was a lot of policing of how openly we could discuss these issues.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Through the club, we connected with other groups working in Lebanon. Anti-racist organisations came to speak to us about decolonial frameworks, especially with respect to Palestine; and migrant domestic workers&#8217; (MDW) groups gave us lectures on global chains of care and the sponsorship system.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>The sponsorship or &#8216;kafala&#8217; system, which is directly rooted in the misogynistic devaluation of care work, is a key issue for feminist organising in Lebanon and other countries across the region. Could you explain how it works?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">The <em>kafala </em>system refers to the employment structure of migrant workers in countries like Lebanon, Jordan, the UAE, Oman, and Kuwait.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a> It involves binding the rights of a foreign worker to their employer, granting the individual &#8216;sponsor&#8217; full decision-making power over their wage, their work hours, their ability to change jobs, travel, and access healthcare. As you can imagine, such a steep power imbalance is ripe for abuse and exploitation.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The system explicitly <a href="https://www.cfr.org/backgrounders/what-kafala-system">differentiates</a> between the labour of domestic workers and that of &#8216;regular&#8217; migrant labourers, with the former &#8211; overwhelmingly women &#8211; having even less protections, if not none at all. Say a wealthy Lebanese family wants to hire a cleaner: they will go to a recruitment agency, &#8216;pick out&#8217; a woman, then be handed her passport, visa, and often also confiscate her phone to prevent her from communicating outside the home. It&#8217;s essentially a form of modern slavery.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Racial hierarchies play a role: female domestic workers in Lebanon mainly come from countries like Ethiopia, Sri Lanka, and the Philippines &#8211; but anti-Black racism means it&#8217;s more expensive to hire a woman from the Philippines than from Ethiopia. These countries&#8217; embassies also participate in the dehumanisation and exploitation of their people: some lobby for the protection of their citizens, but most ignore their pleas.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Given the particular exploitation of women that the <em>kafala</em> system enables, dismantling it has been a central priority of Lebanese feminists. One emblematic group is the <a href="https://armlebanon.org/">Anti-Racism Movement</a> (ARM), a collective of feminists organising around migrants for &#8220;social, economic and gender justice&#8221;. They opened a <a href="https://armlebanon.org/migrant-community-center/">migrant community center</a> for MDWs to meet, socialise, learn new skills and advocate for their rights.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Another prominent organisation is <a href="https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/fr/organization/egna-legna-besidet">Egna Legna Besidet</a> (which roughly means &#8216;from us migrants to ourselves&#8217; in Amharic), which is run by Ethiopian domestic workers and helps other MDWs access judicial support, workshops, and runaway assistance in Lebanon, as well as vocational training in Ethiopia for those who return. They were instrumental in distributing aid to MDWs during the <a href="https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/lebanons-financial-meltdown-how-it-happened-2021-06-17/">financial crisis</a> in Lebanon.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Despite these efforts, the situation hasn&#8217;t structurally improved. There was an attempt to put together a migrant domestic workers&#8217; union back in 2015 &#8211; but the government detained and deported most of the people involved. And in any case, the wider conjecture is unfavourable to all organising: the banking crisis, the global funding drop, and the war with Israel have all led to the dismantling of militant spaces and the expulsion of many activists. Many MDWs themselves left when the crisis hit.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>You&#8217;ve written about how some Arab feminist movements are increasingly adopting discourses that repackage conservative positions. Why is that?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">It&#8217;s the result of a parallel process: the amplification of digital feminism on the one hand, and the disappearance of grassroots activism on the other.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">In Saudi Arabia, for example, for many years there was a strong cyber feminist movement fighting for the right to drive and against the guardianship system &#8211; which treats women as legal children under the authority of their male relatives. Because the country is an authoritarian monarchy, the movement was mostly confined online, yet they managed to remain meaningful.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Then, in the last few years, the relative opening of Gulf countries came with some legal changes to the status of women, including the right to drive and lowered mobility restrictions. Yet at the same time, feminists who had pushed for this change and had already been organising on the ground were arrested or deported. Tens of feminist activists and human rights defenders, many of whom are still in prison today, paid the price for the liberalisation that MBS now takes credit for.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">This led to the emergence of a new kind of &#8216;state feminism&#8217; that supports women&#8217;s rights <em>to a certain extent, </em>and only insofar as they align with a patriotic, anti-migrant, classist discourse. A feminism without class-based analysis can never build solidarity around issues of care, like domestic work &#8211; which as we&#8217;ve seen mainly concerns the exploitation of poorer women. And indeed, you don&#8217;t see the struggle of MDWs appear nearly as much in the Gulf as it does in Lebanon.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Moreover, on top of being instrumentalised by the state, exclusively digital feminism ends up so detached from its local reality that it simply regurgitates Western discourses trending online. It&#8217;s not just the case for the manosphere, it&#8217;s the case for feminists. Its only exposure ends up being to notions like the &#8216;divine feminine&#8217;, &#8216;natural submission&#8217;, feminine and masculine &#8216;energies&#8217;, or movements like trans-exclusionary feminism. In other words, the lack of grassroots third spaces and democratic organising yields a feminism that often repackages patriarchy.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">An example of this is sex work: when you&#8217;re never exposed to people&#8217;s lived realities because your involvement happens mostly online, you don&#8217;t have the full picture. I completely understand where abolitionist positions come from &#8211; but when feminists don&#8217;t physically meet or speak to sex workers, don&#8217;t witness their efforts to unionise, they can end up being outright dehumanising and humiliating to them. They might pin the responsibility of the industry on the women involved in it, or exclusively point to solutions like the <a href="https://theconversation.com/the-nordic-model-of-prostitution-law-is-a-myth-21351">Nordic model</a> without considering how violently it impacts certain categories of women.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">If you don&#8217;t organise alongside people, if you are never made to feel uncomfortable in-person and have to work through those conflicting feelings, you can end up taking a less challenging position that appeals to a sort of abstract morality.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>You&#8217;ve spoken about how the genocide in Gaza, and the networks of solidarity that developed both within Palestine and outside it, are reshaping feminist discourse in the Arab world. In a <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/oxfam-international_uniteforfairchange-16days-activity-7402603002852786176-1vuW/">video</a> for Oxfam, you warn of the risk of excessively romanticising the &#8220;resilience&#8221; of women in conflict situations. Could you elaborate on that?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">In communities with a high death toll, who face immense violence, who are under occupation, and where the loss of children &#8211; young or old &#8211; is a very common thing, people often turn to women for hope.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Similarly, we on the outside have this image of women as resilient through loss, who keep bringing children to life despite the horror. It&#8217;s often an understandable coping mechanism, but it&#8217;s a dangerous trope to be stuck in. It&#8217;s easier for us to take a backseat, look at these people&#8217;s suffering and think, &#8216;wow, they&#8217;re so powerful, courageous, resilient&#8217;. It alleviates some of the guilt of not being able to put an end to the violence.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Along with the loss of their loved ones, we mustn&#8217;t forget that these women are still exposed to the daily encounters of patriarchy. Sexual harassment and violence are made much worse in moments of precarity, during moves for shelter, in encounters with Israeli soldiers at checkpoints.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a> Each family in Gaza had to move over ten times during those first two years, living in tents and makeshift camps.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Moreover, if a woman has lost her husband and older sons, she has to put herself out there to find shelter and food, things that men typically would be expected to do. That puts her at further risk of exploitation.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">On top of all that, you have to navigate the demands of reproductive and sexual health: pregnancy, abortion, miscarriage, period pain, all without available medication or anesthesia. I was moderating a session with a couple of women journalists from Gaza recently, and they spoke of how things we usually take for granted suddenly feel hugely dehumanising: not having a space to change away from prying eyes, sharing bathrooms, the lack of basic hygiene, the lost privilege of having a shower. Small, intimate details of daily life that get lost in the big picture.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">So the &#8216;resilience&#8217; trope often ends up painting a one-dimensional image of what it&#8217;s like to be a woman living through war and genocide. These women&#8217;s lived reality goes far beyond the responsibility to keep everything and everyone together. That isn&#8217;t to say this war is any easier on men &#8211; but there are different layers to the experience.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Your PhD research focuses on the Arab manosphere.</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a><strong> Do you have any initiatives in mind across the region that successfully engage young men in the fight for equality?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">In Lebanon at least, we have a long history of such initiatives. There is an organisation called <a href="https://www.abaadmena.org/">ABAAD</a>, which specifically works on including men in its campaigning, and offers workshops that help build non-violent forms of masculinity. Their &#8216;<a href="https://www.abaadmena.org/direct-services/men-centre/">Men Centre</a>&#8217; also has a hotline specifically for men to receive support.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">But I think that work will always be lacking &#8211; not in the sense that it&#8217;s not important, but that it should be happening on a much wider level than what can be achieved through NGOs and workshops. It should be an integral part of our curriculums, in schools, at university; in all of the media we consume. We can and do create alternatives, but it&#8217;s still limited; we&#8217;re still exposed to endless cultural productions that reproduce misogyny and rape culture.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">There&#8217;s also only so much discourse can do: it&#8217;s really hard to reach young men when their distress is rooted in material conditions, in unemployment and precarity, and when endless amounts of funds are spent pushing the opposite attitudes at them. In Lebanon for example, there is a Christian fundamentalist group called <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/lebanon-far-right-group-soldiers-of-god-is-exploiting-the-countrys-unsettled-past-to-stir-sectarian-tensions-228805">Jnoud al-Rab</a></em> (Soldiers of God), funded by a banker whose banking group was partly responsible for the financial crisis. They&#8217;re these macho men with big crosses, roaming the streets and producing social media content warning of moral degeneracy, anti-Christian values, LGBTQ conspiracies and low-value women.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">It&#8217;s important to remember that these manifestations of violence, whether digital or IRL, are not as organic as they&#8217;d like to seem. They play on the fears, the anger, the disappointment of young men while being directly funded by the people causing these feelings. The banker I mentioned has strong connections to the US far-right; it&#8217;s an interlinked global network of funding. Ironically, they don&#8217;t struggle at all to organise across North and South! It&#8217;s primordial to turn our eyes there, and not just at the outcomes expressed by individual men.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Individual men, however, do have a responsibility to be actively engaging boys and other men in their communities. The same way that we, as women, often share experiences with each other, discuss feminism in subtle ways from quite a young age, challenge each other&#8217;s thought patterns as we grow up. Men should be doing that work with their nephews, their sons, their colleagues. It will have a much more lasting resonance than an anti-sexist workshop ever could.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Can feminist solidarity with and across the Global South help us build a feminism that is more about the collective and interdependence?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Historically, feminist movements across the Global South have been very intersectional, drawing on decolonial struggles, working towards collective liberation and being critical of liberal feminism&#8217;s focus on individual success and personal choices.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">However, they also have to operate in a context marked by the heavy presence of NGOs. Take Lebanon: for such a small country, we have thousands of human rights and feminist NGOs. It&#8217;s not surprising, since these thrive in environments where social safety nets are lacking. There&#8217;s a gap to fill.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">But the problem is that it can cause organising to fragment. Instead of having collective logics for radical action, it risks segmenting each struggle into neat boxes, with each organisation competing for funding by putting forward their niche.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Funding is of course also an issue. These NGOs are both local and international, but the money is mostly Western. It&#8217;s a new form of imperialism, where populations in the Global South are dependent on fluctuations in Western political trends and funding cycles to have their needs met. USAID was obviously a massive source of cash, and thousands of people have now been left on the street or without support since it&#8217;s been cut.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">German funding, for example, typically comes with a lot of policing around politics, especially with respect to Palestine and occupation. In the last few years, we saw many German-funded organisations suddenly fire people, cut resources, or change their policy about what can be spoken about and who beneficiaries can be.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Not only does this model impact what kind of organising can take place, it also puts feminists in very awkward positions. Say an organisation you&#8217;ve contributed writing to or has supported one of your community programs posts a really dehumanising statement about Palestinians. You start being seen as an outsider. You can lose the trust of your community, something conservatives want to see happen.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">This isn&#8217;t just German funding &#8211; it can be US funding or other European countries. It happened in Iraq, in Afghanistan, on other feminist issues like LGBTQ+ rights or abortion (with the <a href="https://reproductiverights.org/resources/what-is-the-global-gag-rule/?utm_source=grant_ad&amp;utm_medium=cpc&amp;s_src=24DACL032403AAX&amp;gad_source=1&amp;gad_campaignid=2037667426&amp;gbraid=0AAAAADjfg42bhMi2ED54KIUjSx-Az7UeG&amp;gclid=Cj0KCQiAhtvMBhDBARIsAL26pjHK-EGfPn-92eE7OI_BdhCoKqnDem8Ns70A1o-MFolOB7h1YrF2HvEaAv1xEALw_wcB">Global Gag Rule</a>).<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a> It serves to drive a divide between feminists and the communities they come from.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/building-feminist-solidarity-around?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/building-feminist-solidarity-around?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">I&#8217;m currently working with an organisation called South Feminist Futures (SFF), in their political education program. It&#8217;s been a wonderfully formative experience. It&#8217;s the first time I&#8217;ve been truly engaging with the work of feminists from all over the Global South, mobilising along with them. I&#8217;m in touch with many people from Latin America, Africa, Asia, whose work you might miss if you don&#8217;t actively look for it. Because the models they propose are not the mainstream.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">There are people in Brazilian favelas planting these huge <a href="https://www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/blog/what-brazilian-favelas-can-teach-world-about-governance-and-resilience">community urban gardens</a>, where women and gender-nonconforming people in particular can cultivate, protect each other, and organise against incarceration. There are women-led <a href="https://namenesolar.com/empower-women-to-power-africa-women-driving-the-energy-transition/">solar cooperatives</a> and <a href="https://solarsister.org/">startup incubators</a> emerging across the African continent, for whom it&#8217;s a deeply feminist issue to <a href="https://menafemmovement.org/feminist-reflections-on-the-wb-and-imf-2025-springs-financing-africas-future-without-sacrificing-gender-and-energy-justice/">challenge</a> IMF standards that present as &#8220;gender-sensitive&#8221; and liberatory but barely take the reality of care work into account.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">I&#8217;m exposed to a world of feminist organising that does not compromise on its ethics, that takes place outside of the structures we tend to get stuck in, yet also works to push those structures to evolve. There is much to be learned from it.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The last two years, as sad and terrifying as they have been, have also opened a space for many people to rethink their methods of action, meeting across the Global South and with organisers from the Global North. We have an opportunity to connect more meaningfully than we ever have.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>In this vein, who are some international feminist thinkers you find inspiring?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">I like the work of <a href="https://llcp.univ-paris8.fr/veronica-gago">Ver&#243;nica Gago</a>, who is based in Argentina. She was very active in the social movements sparked by the 2001 debt crisis, and is one of the leaders today in the country&#8217;s #NiUnaMenos (Not One Less) movement against femicide.</p><blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Selected text: <em><a href="https://www.versobooks.com/products/2635-feminist-international?srsltid=AfmBOorJT-UeoXY1pjbRGngIscQAluqm9-D17_gyz7YBnY6SGIvhhC77">Feminist International: How to Change Everything</a></em>. Verso Books, 2020.</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">There is <a href="https://darajapress.com/authors/sylvia-tamale/?srsltid=AfmBOoqsbfRQ7C6WHLLK2CQolOVcXwImT_1KQtpnICjzobK-o6NJBZfb">Sylvia Tamale</a>, who I got to work with through SFF. She&#8217;s a Ugandan lawyer, sociologist and activist, and the first-ever woman to be Dean of Law at Makerere University.</p><blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Selected text: &#8216;<a href="https://www.akinamamawaafrika.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/African_Feminism_How_should_w.pdf">African feminism: How should </a><em><a href="https://www.akinamamawaafrika.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/African_Feminism_How_should_w.pdf">we</a></em><a href="https://www.akinamamawaafrika.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/African_Feminism_How_should_w.pdf"> change?</a>&#8217; Development, 2006.</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">There&#8217;s the essential work of <a href="https://chss.wwu.edu/department-ethnic-studies/elian">Nada Elia</a>, a Palestinian feminist writer and theorist who writes on internationalism and solidarity.</p><blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Selected text: <em><a href="https://www.plutobooks.com/product/greater-than-the-sum-of-our-parts/">Greater than the Sum of Our Parts: Feminism, Inter/Nationalism, and Palestine</a></em>. Pluto Press, 2023.</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">And finally, I can&#8217;t miss an opportunity to give my friend <a href="https://www.lse.ac.uk/people/islam-al-khatib">Islam al Khatib</a> a shout-out. She works on surveillance technology and the tech industry in the region from a feminist and decolonial perspective.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>To wrap up, the question I always ask: Who do you care for, and who cares for you?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">I care for my partner and he cares for me. In our world right now, at this stage of our lives as recent immigrants, we mostly have each other. We put all the care we have into each other (and into our gorgeous orange cat).</p><p style="text-align: justify;">We are also nourished and sustained by the years of care we both received and poured within our families, within our friendships. In the context of war and financial crisis, the last few years have been full of a profound care I don&#8217;t think I would have survived without.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute is a think-and-act tank working to build a future of fair, valued and collective caregiving. Subscribe to read and support our work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Further resources:</em></p><ul><li><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><a href="https://www.africanfeministforum.com/african-feminists/know-your-african-feminists/">Know your African Feminists</a> by the African Feminist Forum (AFF), a great resource to explore five decades of feminist activism across Africa.</em></p></li><li><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>South Feminist Futures&#8217; <a href="https://knowledgehub.southfeministfutures.org/">knowledge hub</a>.</em></p></li><li><p><em>Resources from the <a href="https://palestinianfeministcollective.org/">Palestinian Feminist Collective</a>.</em></p></li></ul><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>The sponsorship system has been officially abolished or significantly reformed in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and Bahrain, though the effectiveness of these bans is highly contested. In Bahrain, for example, domestic workers are explicitly excluded from most labour reforms.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>For a detailed analysis of this, see Ferdoos Abed-Rabo Al Issa (2024), <em>Home invasion as incursion into body and homeland: feminism and the politics of life and death in Palestine. </em>International Feminist Journal of Politics, 26:4, 744-763, DOI: 10.1080/14616742.2024.2387107.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>See Sarah&#8217;s recent paper, &#8216;<a href="https://collections.fes.de/publikationen/content/titleinfo/1824342">The manosphere in Arabic : Mapping subcultures, narratives, and impacts across Arabic-speaking online spaces</a>&#8217;. 2025, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>&#8220;A U.S. government policy that prohibits foreign non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that receive U.S. global health funding from providing information, referrals, or services for abortion. It also forbids the organizations from advocating for abortion access in their countries.&#8221; &#8211; Center for Reproductive Rights.</p><div><hr></div><p>See also:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;ab63daac-823e-46ad-a120-f9dfd1f0685e&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire cette lettre en fran&#231;ais:&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;How we learn to care&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-01T15:39:08.580Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/how-we-learn-to-care&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:189554343,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:16,&quot;comment_count&quot;:6,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;0fdee3d0-424d-4e4a-9a3b-074e226fdb99&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire cet article en fran&#231;ais:&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Are today&#8217;s dads feminist?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-18T08:54:43.226Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cEbT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45c7035-6c4f-41eb-994d-a4e3b48556e2_1600x1205.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/are-todays-dads-feminist&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Interviews&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:179550826,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:9,&quot;comment_count&quot;:4,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;367601bc-286a-4717-a53d-60cc28c43df4&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Eva-Luna Tholance is a doula, queer feminist activist, and journalist specialised in sexual health and medical violence. She co-edited the collective volume Coming into the World: Autonomy, Dignity, and Struggles for Reproductive Justice, [in French, not yet translated] published in September.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Birth, revisited: the power of reproductive justice&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-11-07T16:16:18.477Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8GEL!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F53484905-df3b-4460-adb0-0cdf1982c66e_3596x2393.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/birth-revisited&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Interviews&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:178271288,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:9,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Tisser des solidarités féministes autour du soin, avec la chercheuse et militante palestinienne Sarah Kaddoura]]></title><description><![CDATA[&#8220;Nous avons une occasion de b&#226;tir des ponts plus solides que jamais&#8221;]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/tisser-des-solidarites-feministes</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/tisser-des-solidarites-feministes</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 05 Mar 2026 16:58:12 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-o0s!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ac739bc-ccc4-475e-bce1-b727648e5013_1200x1600.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<blockquote><p><em>Pour recevoir directement nos emails en fran&#231;ais, petit rappel que vous pouvez vous d&#233;sabonner de la newsletter anglaise et vous abonner &#224; la version fran&#231;aise en cliquant sur l&#8217;ic&#244;ne de votre compte (en haut &#224; droite de votre &#233;cran), puis sur &#171; G&#233;rer mon abonnement &#187;.</em></p></blockquote><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-o0s!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ac739bc-ccc4-475e-bce1-b727648e5013_1200x1600.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-o0s!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ac739bc-ccc4-475e-bce1-b727648e5013_1200x1600.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-o0s!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ac739bc-ccc4-475e-bce1-b727648e5013_1200x1600.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-o0s!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ac739bc-ccc4-475e-bce1-b727648e5013_1200x1600.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-o0s!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5ac739bc-ccc4-475e-bce1-b727648e5013_1200x1600.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Sarah Kaddoura.</figcaption></figure></div><p><em><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarah-kaddoura-96000b100/">Sarah Kaddoura</a> est une militante f&#233;ministe, doctorante, et cr&#233;atrice de contenu palestinienne. Install&#233;e &#224; Madrid, elle pr&#233;pare actuellement une th&#232;se consacr&#233;e &#224; la &#8216;manosph&#232;re&#8217; dans le monde arabe, et anime des formations d&#8217;&#233;ducation politique avec <a href="https://southfeministfutures.org/">South Feminist Futures</a>. Sur sa cha&#238;ne YouTube, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/@hakinasawi">Haki Nasawi</a>, elle analyse des ph&#233;nom&#232;nes sociaux et d&#233;bats contemporains &#224; la lumi&#232;re des th&#233;ories f&#233;ministes.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Dans cet entretien pour <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/about">The Fifth Wave Institute</a>, Sarah revient sur les racines de son f&#233;minisme, n&#233; au Liban o&#249; l&#8217;exploitation des travailleuses domestiques est un enjeu central. Elle aborde, entre autres, les canaux de financement qui renforcent les groupes masculinistes et cr&#233;ent des obstacles structurels aux organisations f&#233;ministes ; elle souligne la violence subie par les femmes &#224; Gaza et le risque de &#8216;romantiser&#8217; leur souffrance.</em></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><em>Sarah ouvre des pistes de r&#233;flexion sur la fa&#231;on dont un f&#233;minisme ancr&#233; dans le soin, la communaut&#233;, l&#8217;interd&#233;pendance et la lib&#233;ration collective peut d&#233;passer les cadres souvent &#233;troits du lib&#233;ralisme occidental et permettre de b&#226;tir de nouveaux ponts.</em></p><div><hr></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Quelle a &#233;t&#233; ta premi&#232;re rencontre avec le f&#233;minisme ?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">J&#8217;ai grandi dans le sud du Liban, dans la ville assez conservatrice de Sa&#239;da. Avant m&#234;me de savoir ce qu&#8217;&#233;tait le f&#233;minisme, j&#8217;ai toujours ressenti un profond sentiment d&#8217;injustice. Mon p&#232;re est mort quand j&#8217;avais huit ans; j&#8217;ai donc &#233;t&#233; &#233;lev&#233;e par ma m&#232;re dans une soci&#233;t&#233; qui exerce une forte pression sur les femmes, en particulier les veuves. J&#8217;ai &#233;t&#233; &#233;duqu&#233;e diff&#233;remment de mes fr&#232;res &#8211; je n&#8217;avais pas encore les outils th&#233;oriques pour le formuler, mais je percevais au quotidien ce double standard. Je me suis mise &#224; imaginer ce que pourrait &#234;tre la vie sans le contr&#244;le de toutes ces normes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Mon premier v&#233;ritable contact avec les id&#233;es f&#233;ministes s&#8217;est fait en ligne. Au d&#233;but des ann&#233;es 2010, Tumblr regorgeait de personnes partageant leurs exp&#233;riences, leur compr&#233;hension du genre, des droits des femmes, de la sexualit&#233;. Beaucoup de ces discussions ont bouscul&#233; mes principes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">En 2013, j&#8217;ai quitt&#233; ma ville pour aller &#224; l&#8217;universit&#233; et j&#8217;ai commenc&#233; &#224; lire des ouvrages f&#233;ministes &#224; la biblioth&#232;que. J&#8217;ai aussi eu une professeure de philosophie extraordinaire qui nous faisait lire des textes fondateurs de la pens&#233;e f&#233;ministe.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Avec deux amies, on a co-fond&#233; un club f&#233;ministe intersectionnel. On organisait des lectures &#224; voix haute et des tables rondes sur la r&#233;sistance et la lib&#233;ration f&#233;ministes. On a &#233;t&#233; les premi&#232;res sur notre campus &#224; aborder de front la situation de la communaut&#233; LGBTQ+, notamment les promesses et les limites des changements juridiques. Ce furent parmi les conversations les plus difficiles : il y avait un fort contr&#244;le sur la mani&#232;re dont on pouvait parler ouvertement de ces sujets.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Gr&#226;ce au club, nous avons tiss&#233; des liens avec d&#8217;autres groupes au Liban. Des organisations antiracistes sont venues nous parler de cadres d&#233;coloniaux, particuli&#232;rement en lien avec la Palestine ; des collectifs de travailleuses domestiques migrantes (TDM) nous ont donn&#233; des conf&#233;rences sur les &#8220;<a href="https://metropolitiques.eu/La-mondialisation-du-care.html">cha&#238;nes globales du </a><em><a href="https://metropolitiques.eu/La-mondialisation-du-care.html">care</a></em>&#8221; et sur le syst&#232;me de parrainage.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Le syst&#232;me de parrainage, ou &#171; kafala &#187;, directement ancr&#233; dans la d&#233;valorisation misogyne du travail de </strong><em><strong>care</strong></em><strong>, est un enjeu f&#233;ministe central au Liban et dans d&#8217;autres pays de la r&#233;gion. Peux-tu expliquer son fonctionnement ?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Le syst&#232;me de kafala d&#233;signe le cadre d&#8217;emploi des travailleurs migrants dans des pays comme le Liban, la Jordanie, les &#201;mirats arabes unis, Oman ou le Kowe&#239;t.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a> Il lie les droits d&#8217;un travailleur &#233;tranger &#224; son employeur, accordant &#224; ce &#8220;sponsor&#8221; ou &#8220;parrain&#8221; un pouvoir d&#233;cisionnel total sur son salaire, ses horaires, sa possibilit&#233; de changer d&#8217;emploi, de voyager ou d&#8217;acc&#233;der aux soins de sant&#233;. Un tel d&#233;s&#233;quilibre de pouvoir ouvre &#233;videmment la porte aux abus et &#224; l&#8217;exploitation.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Le syst&#232;me &#233;tablit explicitement une <a href="https://www.cfr.org/backgrounders/what-kafala-system">distinction</a> entre le travail des employ&#233;es domestiques et celui des autres travailleurs migrants. Les premi&#232;res &#8211; tr&#232;s majoritairement des femmes &#8211; disposent de protections encore plus faibles voire non existantes. Une famille libanaise ais&#233;e souhaitant embaucher une femme de m&#233;nage, par exemple, va se rendre dans une agence de recrutement et &#8220;choisir&#8221; une femme: puis elle se verra confier son passeport, son visa, et confisquera souvent aussi son t&#233;l&#233;phone afin d&#8217;emp&#234;cher toute communication ext&#233;rieure. C&#8217;est ni plus ni moins qu&#8217;une forme d&#8217;esclavage moderne.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Des hi&#233;rarchies raciales entrent en jeu : au Liban, les travailleuses domestiques viennent principalement d&#8217;&#201;thiopie, du Sri Lanka ou des Philippines. Le racisme envers les personnes noires fait qu&#8217;il co&#251;te moins cher d&#8217;embaucher une femme &#233;thiopienne qu&#8217;une Philippine. Les ambassades de ces pays participent aussi &#224; cette d&#233;shumanisation : certaines d&#233;fendent leurs ressortissantes, mais la plupart ignorent leurs appels &#224; l&#8217;aide.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#201;tant donn&#233; l&#8217;exploitation sp&#233;cifique des femmes que permet le syst&#232;me de <em>kafala</em>, son d&#233;mant&#232;lement est une priorit&#233; pour les f&#233;ministes libanaises. Un groupe embl&#233;matique est l&#8217;<a href="https://armlebanon.org/">Anti-Racism Movement</a> (ARM), un collectif f&#233;ministe centr&#233; sur les droits des personnes migrantes pour la &#171; justice sociale, &#233;conomique et de genre &#187;. Elles ont ouvert un <a href="https://armlebanon.org/migrant-community-center/">centre communautaire</a> destin&#233; aux travailleuses domestiques, afin qu&#8217;elles puissent se rencontrer, socialiser, acqu&#233;rir de nouvelles comp&#233;tences et d&#233;fendre leurs droits.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Une autre organisation importante est <a href="https://www.frontlinedefenders.org/fr/organization/egna-legna-besidet">Egna Legna Besidet</a> (&#171; de nous migrantes &#224; nous-m&#234;mes &#187;, en amharique), dirig&#233;e par des travailleuses domestiques &#233;thiopiennes. Elles aident d&#8217;autres TDM &#224; acc&#233;der &#224; un soutien juridique, &#224; des ateliers, &#224; des dispositifs d&#8217;assistance dans le pays en cas de fuite, ainsi qu&#8217;&#224; des formations professionnelles en &#201;thiopie pour celles qui rentrent. L&#8217;association a jou&#233; un r&#244;le cl&#233; dans la distribution d&#8217;aide aux TDM pendant la <a href="https://www.france24.com/fr/moyen-orient/20260228-crise-bancaire-liban-gap-law-loi-tri-clients">crise bancaire</a> au Liban.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Malgr&#233; ces efforts, la situation n&#8217;a pas structurellement &#233;volu&#233;. Il y a eu une tentative en 2015 de cr&#233;er un syndicat de travailleuses domestiques migrantes, mais le gouvernement a arr&#234;t&#233; et d&#233;port&#233; la plupart des personnes impliqu&#233;es. Le contexte global reste d&#233;favorable aux actions associatives: la crise financi&#232;re, les coupes philanthropiques et la guerre avec Isra&#235;l ont entra&#238;n&#233; le d&#233;mant&#232;lement d&#8217;espaces militants et l&#8217;expulsion de nombreux activistes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Vous &#233;crivez que &#8220;certains mouvements f&#233;ministes arabes adoptent de plus en plus des discours qui se veulent radicaux, mais qui, au fond, recyclent des positions conservatrices&#8221;. Pourquoi ?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">C&#8217;est le r&#233;sultat d&#8217;un double processus : d&#8217;un c&#244;t&#233;, l&#8217;amplification d&#8217;un f&#233;minisme num&#233;rique; de l&#8217;autre, la disparition du militantisme de terrain.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">En Arabie saoudite, par exemple, un fort mouvement cyberf&#233;ministe a longtemps lutt&#233; pour le droit de conduire et contre le syst&#232;me de tutelle &#8211; qui consid&#232;re les femmes comme des mineures juridiques sous l&#8217;autorit&#233; des hommes de leur famille. C&#8217;est une monarchie autoritaire, donc le mouvement restait principalement en ligne, mais il comptait.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ces derni&#232;res ann&#233;es, l&#8217;ouverture relative des pays du Golfe s&#8217;est accompagn&#233;e de r&#233;formes juridiques concernant le statut des femmes, dont le droit de conduire et un assouplissement des restrictions de mobilit&#233;. Mais, dans le m&#234;me temps, les f&#233;ministes qui avaient port&#233; ces revendications ont &#233;t&#233; arr&#234;t&#233;es ou expuls&#233;es. Des dizaines de militantes et de d&#233;fenseuses des droits humains, dont beaucoup sont toujours en prison, ont pay&#233; le prix de cette &#171; lib&#233;ralisation &#187; dont MBS s&#8217;octroie aujourd&#8217;hui le m&#233;rite.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cela a favoris&#233; l&#8217;&#233;mergence d&#8217;un &#171; f&#233;minisme d&#8217;&#201;tat &#187; qui soutient certains droits des femmes, &#224; condition qu&#8217;ils s&#8217;inscrivent dans un discours patriotique, anti-migrant et classiste. Un f&#233;minisme d&#233;pourvu d&#8217;analyse de classe ne peut pas construire de solidarit&#233; autour de sujets de <em>care</em> comme le travail domestique &#8211; qui concerne surtout l&#8217;exploitation de femmes pauvres. Et, de fait, la lutte des TDM est beaucoup moins visible dans le Golfe qu&#8217;au Liban.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Par ailleurs, un f&#233;minisme exclusivement num&#233;rique finit par se d&#233;tacher de sa r&#233;alit&#233; locale et par reproduire des discours occidentaux en vogue en ligne. Ce n&#8217;est pas seulement vrai pour la manosph&#232;re, &#231;a l&#8217;est aussi pour les f&#233;ministes. Ce sont des notions comme le &#8216;f&#233;minin divin&#8217;, la &#8216;soumission naturelle&#8217;, les &#8216;&#233;nergies&#8217; f&#233;minines et masculines, ou l&#8217;exclusion des personnes trans. L&#8217;absence d&#8217;espaces militants et d&#233;mocratiques de terrain produit ainsi un f&#233;minisme qui recycle le patriarcat.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">La question du travail du sexe en est un exemple. Lorsqu&#8217;on n&#8217;est jamais confront&#233;e aux r&#233;alit&#233;s v&#233;cues, qu&#8217;on ne rencontre pas les personnes concern&#233;es, qu&#8217;on ne voit pas leurs tentatives de se syndiquer, on peut adopter des positions d&#233;shumanisantes. Je comprends parfaitement d&#8217;o&#249; viennent les positions abolitionnistes: mais elles en viennent parfois &#224; faire porter la responsabilit&#233; de l&#8217;industrie sur les femmes qui y travaillent, ou d&#233;fendre exclusivement des solutions comme le mod&#232;le nordique sans consid&#233;rer les <a href="https://www.lse.ac.uk/asset-library/information/french-pages.pdf">cons&#233;quences violentes</a> qu&#8217;il a sur certaines cat&#233;gories de femmes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Si l&#8217;on ne lutte pas <em>avec </em>les personnes concern&#233;es, si l&#8217;on n&#8217;a pas d&#8217;&#233;changes m&#234;me inconfortables en face &#224; face, on peut finir par adopter une position moins d&#233;rangeante, qui se base sur une sorte de morale abstraite.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Tu expliques que le g&#233;nocide &#224; Gaza et les r&#233;seaux de solidarit&#233; qui se sont d&#233;velopp&#233;s autour de la Palestine ont redessin&#233; les contours du f&#233;minisme dans le monde arabe. Dans une <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/posts/oxfam-international_uniteforfairchange-16days-activity-7402603002852786176-1vuW/">vid&#233;o</a> pour Oxfam, tu mets en garde contre la &#8216;romantisation&#8217; excessive de la &#171; r&#233;silience &#187; des femmes en situation de conflit.  Peux-tu nous en dire plus ?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Dans des communaut&#233;s frapp&#233;es par un nombre massif de morts, soumises &#224; une violence extr&#234;me, vivant sous occupation, et o&#249; la perte d&#8217;enfants est fr&#233;quente, on se tourne souvent vers les femmes comme porteuses d&#8217;espoir.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">De l&#8217;ext&#233;rieur, on projette cette image de femmes r&#233;silientes face &#224; la perte, qui continuent &#224; donner la vie malgr&#233; l&#8217;horreur. C&#8217;est un trope dangereux, m&#234;me s&#8217;il est compr&#233;hensible. Il est plus facile de rester en retrait et de penser, &#8220;elles sont si fortes, si courageuses, si r&#233;silientes&#8221;. Cela att&#233;nue une partie de la culpabilit&#233; de ne pas pouvoir mettre fin &#224; la violence.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Mais il ne faut pas oublier qu&#8217;en plus de la perte de leurs proches, ces femmes continuent &#224; subir le patriarcat au quotidien. Le harc&#232;lement sexuel et les violences s&#8217;aggravent dans les moments de pr&#233;carit&#233;, lors des d&#233;placements vers des abris, aux checkpoints face aux soldats isra&#233;liens.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a> Chaque famille &#224; Gaza a d&#251; se d&#233;placer plus de dix fois durant ces deux premi&#232;res ann&#233;es, vivant sous des tentes et dans des camps improvis&#233;s. Si une femme a perdu son mari et ses fils a&#238;n&#233;s, elle doit sortir chercher nourriture et abri &#8211; des t&#226;ches traditionnellement attribu&#233;es aux hommes &#8211; ce qui l&#8217;expose &#224; davantage d&#8217;abus.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">&#192; cela s&#8217;ajoutent les besoins li&#233;s &#224; la sant&#233; reproductive et sexuelle : grossesse, avortement, fausse couche, douleurs menstruelles, sans m&#233;dicaments ni anesth&#233;sie disponibles. J&#8217;animais r&#233;cemment une table ronde avec deux journalistes gazaouies, et elles &#233;voquaient ces d&#233;tails intimes et quotidiens qui deviennent profond&#233;ment d&#233;shumanisants &#8211; l&#8217;absence d&#8217;espaces pour se changer &#224; l&#8217;abri des regards, les toilettes partag&#233;es, le manque d&#8217;hygi&#232;ne, la perte du simple privil&#232;ge de prendre une douche.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">L&#8217;image de femmes fortes et r&#233;silientes produit ainsi une repr&#233;sentation unidimensionnelle de l&#8217;exp&#233;rience des femmes vivant la guerre et le g&#233;nocide. Leur r&#233;alit&#233; d&#233;passe largement la responsabilit&#233; de maintenir tout le monde debout. Cela ne signifie pas que la guerre est plus facile pour les hommes &#8211; mais les couches d&#8217;exp&#233;rience diff&#232;rent.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Ton doctorat porte sur la &#8216;manosph&#232;re&#8217; dans le monde arabe.</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a><strong> Y a-t-il des initiatives locales qui parviennent &#224; engager les jeunes hommes dans la lutte pour l&#8217;&#233;galit&#233; ?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Au Liban, il existe une longue tradition d&#8217;initiatives en ce sens. Une organisation appel&#233;e <a href="https://www.abaadmena.org/">ABAAD</a> travaille sp&#233;cifiquement &#224; inclure les hommes dans ses campagnes et propose des ateliers pour promouvoir des masculinit&#233;s non violentes. Son &#171; <a href="https://www.abaadmena.org/direct-services/men-centre/">Men Centre</a> &#187; dispose &#233;galement d&#8217;un num&#233;ro vert d&#233;di&#233; aux hommes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Mais ce travail restera toujours insuffisant s&#8217;il se limite aux ONG et aux ateliers. Il devrait faire partie int&#233;grante des programmes scolaires, universitaires, des m&#233;dias que nous consommons. On cr&#233;e de plus en plus d&#8217;alternatives, mais on reste expos&#233;s &#224; une masse de productions culturelles qui reproduisent la misogynie et la culture du viol.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Par ailleurs, la parole a ses limites : il est difficile de toucher de jeunes hommes dont la d&#233;tresse est enracin&#233;e dans des conditions mat&#233;rielles &#8211; ch&#244;mage, pr&#233;carit&#233; &#8211; et quand des financements massifs alimentent les discours oppos&#233;s. Au Liban, par exemple, un groupe fondamentaliste chr&#233;tien appel&#233; <em><a href="https://theconversation.com/lebanon-far-right-group-soldiers-of-god-is-exploiting-the-countrys-unsettled-past-to-stir-sectarian-tensions-228805">Jnoud al-Rab</a></em> (&#171; Soldats de Dieu &#187;), financ&#233; par un banquier dont le groupe a contribu&#233; &#224; la crise financi&#232;re, met en sc&#232;ne une virilit&#233; agressive. Ils patrouillent dans les rues avec de grosses croix au cou et font des vid&#233;os sur les r&#233;seaux sociaux pour d&#233;noncer la &#8220;d&#233;cadence morale&#8221;, les conspirations LGBTQ, la perte de valeur des femmes.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Il faut rappeler que ces manifestations de violence, num&#233;riques ou physiques, ne sont pas aussi spontan&#233;es qu&#8217;elles en ont l&#8217;air. Elles exploitent les peurs et la col&#232;re des jeunes hommes tout en &#233;tant financ&#233;es par ceux qui causent ces m&#234;mes sentiments. Le banquier en question a des liens forts avec l&#8217;extr&#234;me droite am&#233;ricaine; c&#8217;est un r&#233;seau global de financements. Ironiquement, eux n&#8217;ont aucun mal &#224; tisser des alliances entre Nord et Sud ! Il est primordial de regarder en amont ces structures de financement, et pas seulement les comportements individuels qui en d&#233;coulent.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Cela dit, les hommes ont une responsabilit&#233; individuelle de sensibiliser les gar&#231;ons et les autres hommes de leur entourage. Nous, les femmes, on parle assez t&#244;t de ces choses-l&#224;, de f&#233;minisme, de violences, on partage nos exp&#233;riences et nos sch&#233;mas de pens&#233;e. Les hommes devraient faire de m&#234;me avec leurs neveux, leurs fils, leurs coll&#232;gues; l&#8217;impact serait plus durable qu&#8217;un atelier sur le sexisme.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>La solidarit&#233; f&#233;ministe &#224; travers le Sud global peut-elle nous aider &#224; construire un f&#233;minisme davantage tourn&#233; vers le collectif et l&#8217;interd&#233;pendance ?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Historiquement, les mouvements f&#233;ministes du Sud global ont &#233;t&#233; tr&#232;s intersectionnels, articul&#233;s aux luttes d&#233;coloniales, orient&#233;s vers la lib&#233;ration collective, critiques du f&#233;minisme lib&#233;ral centr&#233; sur la r&#233;ussite individuelle et le choix personnel.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Mais la solidarit&#233; est difficile &#224; maintenir dans un contexte marqu&#233; par la forte pr&#233;sence d&#8217;ONG. Au Liban, pour un si petit pays, il existe des centaines d&#8217;ONG f&#233;ministes et de d&#233;fense des droits humains. Ce n&#8217;est pas surprenant : elles prosp&#232;rent l&#224; o&#249; les filets de s&#233;curit&#233; sociale font d&#233;faut. Le probl&#232;me, c&#8217;est que cela fragmente les mouvements: au lieu d&#8217;une logique collective d&#8217;action radicale, chaque lutte risque d&#8217;&#234;tre compartiment&#233;e, chaque organisation cherchant &#224; se distinguer pour obtenir des financements.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Autre probl&#232;me, ces financements sont majoritairement occidentaux. C&#8217;est une nouvelle forme d&#8217;imp&#233;rialisme : les populations du Sud global sont d&#233;pendantes des cycles politiques et budg&#233;taires occidentaux pour pourvoir &#224; leurs besoins. L&#8217;USAID constituait une source majeure de fonds ; sa suppression a laiss&#233; des milliers de personnes sans emploi ni soutien.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Les financements allemands par exemple s&#8217;accompagnent souvent d&#8217;un contr&#244;le politique, notamment sur la situation palestinienne et l&#8217;occupation. Ces derni&#232;res ann&#233;es, beaucoup d&#8217;organisations financ&#233;es par l&#8217;Allemagne ont licenci&#233; du personnel, r&#233;duit des programmes ou modifi&#233; leurs politiques sur ce qui peut &#234;tre dit et qui peut recevoir de l&#8217;aide.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Ce mod&#232;le n&#8217;influence pas seulement le type d&#8217;organisation possible : il place aussi les f&#233;ministes dans des situations d&#233;licates. Si une organisation qui a soutenu vos projets par le pass&#233; publie une d&#233;claration d&#233;shumanisante sur les Palestiniens, vous pouvez perdre la confiance de votre communaut&#233;. Cela ne concerne pas seulement l&#8217;Allemagne : cela peut &#234;tre les &#201;tats-Unis ou d&#8217;autres pays europ&#233;ens. On l&#8217;a vu en Irak, en Afghanistan, sur les droits LGBTQ+ ou l&#8217;avortement (avec la &#171; Global Gag Rule &#187;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>). Ce syst&#232;me cr&#233;e une fracture entre les f&#233;ministes et les communaut&#233;s locales.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/tisser-des-solidarites-feministes?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/tisser-des-solidarites-feministes?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Je travaille actuellement avec South Feminist Futures, dans leur programme d&#8217;&#233;ducation politique. C&#8217;est une exp&#233;rience formatrice extraordinaire. Pour la premi&#232;re fois, j&#8217;&#233;change v&#233;ritablement avec des f&#233;ministes de tout le Sud global, je m&#8217;organise avec elles. Je suis en contact avec des personnes d&#8217;Am&#233;rique latine, d&#8217;Afrique, d&#8217;Asie, dont on ignore facilement les travaux si on ne les cherche pas, car les mod&#232;les qu&#8217;elles proposent ne sont pas au centre.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Il faut voir les efforts des habitantes des favelas br&#233;siliennes qui plantent d&#8217;immenses <a href="https://gret.org/actualite/2025/agroecologie-et-feminisme-une-lutte-pour-legalite-et-lacces-aux-droits-au-bresil/#:~:text=Agro%C3%A9cologie%20et%20f%C3%A9minisme%20:%20une%20lutte,plus%20respectueuse%20de%20l'environnement.">jardins urbains</a>, o&#249; des femmes et des personnes de minorit&#233;s de genre cultivent la terre pour nourrir leurs communaut&#233;s, se prot&#233;ger mutuellement et s&#8217;organiser contre les incarc&#233;rations arbitraires. Il faut observer l&#8217;&#233;mergence de <a href="https://namenesolar.com/empower-women-to-power-africa-women-driving-the-energy-transition/">coop&#233;ratives solaires</a> et <a href="https://solarsister.org/">incubateurs de startups</a> mont&#233;s par des femmes &#224; travers le continent africain, pour qui c&#8217;est un enjeu profond&#233;ment f&#233;ministe de remettre en cause les standards impos&#233;s par le FMI qui ignorent souvent la r&#233;alit&#233; du travail de soins.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Je d&#233;couvre un monde d&#8217;organisations f&#233;ministes qui ne transige pas avec son &#233;thique, qui se d&#233;ploie en dehors des structures institutionnelles dominantes, et qui en m&#234;me temps fait &#233;voluer ces structures. Nous avons beaucoup &#224; en apprendre. Ces deux derni&#232;res ann&#233;es, aussi terribles aient-elles &#233;t&#233;, ont ouvert un espace particulier pour repenser nos m&#233;thodes d&#8217;action, se rencontrer entre Sud et Nord. Nous avons une occasion de tisser des liens plus solides que jamais.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Dans cette perspective, quelles penseuses f&#233;ministes internationales inspirent ton travail ?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">J&#8217;aime beaucoup le travail de <a href="https://llcp.univ-paris8.fr/veronica-gago">Ver&#243;nica Gago</a>, bas&#233;e en Argentine. Tr&#232;s active lors des mobilisations suscit&#233;es par la crise de la dette en 2001, elle est aujourd&#8217;hui l&#8217;une des figures phares du mouvement #NiUnaMenos (Pas Une de Moins) contre les f&#233;minicides.</p><blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Ouvrage recommand&#233; : <em><a href="https://www.contretemps.eu/economie-populaire-luttes-feministes-gago-amerique-sud/">&#201;conomies populaires et luttes f&#233;ministes. R&#233;sister au n&#233;olib&#233;ralisme en Am&#233;rique du Sud</a></em>. Paris, Raisons d&#8217;Agir, 2020. Voir &#233;galement cet <a href="https://www.diagrammes.fr/fr/folders/the-argentinian-laboratory">entretien vid&#233;o</a> de Ver&#243;nica Gago pour Diagrammes.</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Il y a Sylvia Tamale, avec qui j&#8217;ai collabor&#233; via SFF. Juriste, sociologue et militante ougandaise, elle fut la premi&#232;re femme doyenne de la facult&#233; de droit &#224; l&#8217;universit&#233; de Makerere.</p><blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Texte recommand&#233; : <em>African Feminism: How Should We Change?</em> Development, 2006 (non traduit). Voir aussi <a href="https://southfeministfutures.org/fr/we-should-be-thorns-in-the-belly-of-the-beast-interview-with-sylvia-tamale/">cet entretien</a> (traduit) avec South Feminist Futures.</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Il y a aussi le travail essentiel de Nada Elia, autrice et th&#233;oricienne f&#233;ministe palestinienne, qui &#233;crit sur l&#8217;internationalisme et la solidarit&#233;.</p><blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Ouvrage recommand&#233; : <em><a href="https://www.librairie-des-femmes.fr/livre/9782890918986-palestine-pour-un-feminisme-de-liberation-nada-elia/">Palestine : Pour un f&#233;minisme de lib&#233;ration</a></em>. Micro R.M., 2024.</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: justify;">Et enfin, je ne peux pas manquer de mentionner mon amie <a href="https://www.lse.ac.uk/people/islam-al-khatib">Islam al Khatib</a>, qui travaille sur les technologies de surveillance et l&#8217;industrie technologique dans la r&#233;gion, dans une perspective f&#233;ministe et d&#233;coloniale.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Pour conclure, la question que je pose &#224; chaque entretien : de qui prends-tu soin, et qui prend soin de toi?</strong></p><p style="text-align: justify;">Je prends soin de mon partenaire et il prend soin de moi. On est arriv&#233;s en Espagne relativement r&#233;cemment, donc pour l&#8217;instant on se repose surtout l&#8217;un sur l&#8217;autre; on dirige toute l&#8217;attention et le soin dont on dispose l&#8217;un vers l&#8217;autre (et vers notre magnifique chat roux).</p><p style="text-align: justify;">On est aussi nourris, puissamment soutenus par les ann&#233;es de soin et d&#8217;amour re&#231;ues et offertes dans nos familles, avec nos ami&#183;es. Sans &#231;a,  je ne pense pas que j&#8217;aurais surv&#233;cu &#224; ces derni&#232;res ann&#233;es de guerre et de crise financi&#232;re<em>.</em></p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute travaille &#224; la construction de syst&#232;mes de soin plus justes et collectifs. Abonnez-vous pour recevoir nos publications et soutenir notre mission. </p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Ressources compl&#233;mentaires</strong></p><ul><li><p style="text-align: justify;"><em><a href="https://houseofafricanfeminisms.org/Un-apercu-historique-des-courants-feministes-africains">Un aper&#231;u historique des courants f&#233;ministes africains</a></em>, par Minna Salami pour House of African Feminisms. </p></li><li><p style="text-align: justify;">Le South Feminist Knowledge Hub (<a href="https://knowledgehub.southfeministfutures.org/fr/?_gl=1%2A10up2oa%2A_ga%2AMTc4NDk4MzY4OC4xNzcyNjMwMTM4%2A_ga_1NL1JS2LYD%2AczE3NzI2MzQwNDgkbzIkZzEkdDE3NzI2MzQwNTEkajU3JGwwJGgw">Centre de savoirs f&#233;ministes du Sud</a>) de South Feminist Futures.</p></li><li><p style="text-align: justify;">Les ressources du <a href="https://palestinianfeministcollective.org/">Palestinian Feminist Collective</a>.</p></li></ul><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Le syst&#232;me de sponsoring a &#233;t&#233; officiellement aboli ou fortement r&#233;form&#233; en Arabie Saoudite, au Qatar, et au Bahre&#239;n, m&#234;me si l&#8217;efficacit&#233; de ces d&#233;cisions est tr&#232;s contest&#233;e. Au Bahre&#239;n, par exemple, les travailleuses domestiques ont &#233;t&#233; explicitement exclues de la plupart des r&#233;formes.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Pour une analyse d&#233;taill&#233;e de ce ph&#233;nom&#232;ne, voir Ferdoos Abed-Rabo Al Issa (2024), <em>Home invasion as incursion into body and homeland: feminism and the politics of life and death in Palestine. </em>International Feminist Journal of Politics, 26:4, 744-763, DOI: 10.1080/14616742.2024.2387107.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Voir le papier de Sarah, &#8216;<a href="https://collections.fes.de/publikationen/content/titleinfo/1824342">The manosphere in Arabic : Mapping subcultures, narratives, and impacts across Arabic-speaking online spaces</a>&#8217;. 2025, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>&#8220;Litt&#233;ralement en fran&#231;ais la &#171; r&#232;gle du b&#226;illon mondial &#187;, la Global Gag Rule est la mani&#232;re critique de d&#233;signer la Mexico City Policy : un d&#233;cret qui interdit aux ONG &#233;trang&#232;res qui re&#231;oivent de l&#8217;aide f&#233;d&#233;rale des &#201;tats-Unis de procurer des avortements l&#233;gaux, de d&#233;livrer des informations &#224; ce propos ou encore de faire du plaidoyer pour des r&#233;formes visant &#224; l&#233;galiser ou accro&#238;tre l&#8217;acc&#232;s &#224; l&#8217;avortement, m&#234;me si ces actions ne sont pas men&#233;es sur financements am&#233;ricains, et ce quel que soit la situation l&#233;gislative de l&#8217;avortement dans les pays o&#249; elles agissent.&#8221; <a href="https://www.sidaction.org/transversal/le-globalgag-rule-un-obstacle-pour-lutter-contre-le-vih/#:~:text=Litt%C3%A9ralement%20en%20fran%C3%A7ais%20la%20%C2%AB%20r%C3%A8gle,ce%20propos%20ou%20encore%20de">Article</a> d&#8217;H&#233;l&#232;ne Ferrarini pour Sidaction, 04.11.20. &#201;tablie par Reagan, cette r&#232;gle n&#8217;a pas &#233;t&#233; appliqu&#233;e sous les administrations Obama et Biden, puis r&#233;activ&#233;e par Trump en 2017. </p><div><hr></div><p>Lire ensuite:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;fbb811cf-1900-4276-aed9-0e230bcaf3c9&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;L&#8217;une des contributions majeures des sciences sociales &#224; notre compr&#233;hension du comportement humain concerne le fait que la violence s&#8217;apprend. Loin d&#8217;&#234;tre le produit d&#8217;un instinct inn&#233;, nous savons aujourd&#8217;hui qu&#8217;une attitude agressive et dominatrice s&#8217;acquiert progressivement &#224; travers diff&#233;rents mod&#232;les sociaux&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Apprendre &#224; prendre soin&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-01T15:26:18.462Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/apprendre-a-prendre-soin&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:189550248,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;9c44c624-e062-4d4a-b68d-0e7c8257651d&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Les p&#232;res d'aujourd'hui sont-ils f&#233;ministes?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-18T07:51:15.127Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e4YU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2d3d3af-71f8-4d63-97a8-f57914a2f9e4_1600x1205.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/les-peres-daujourdhui-sont-ils-feministes&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:181894503,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:4,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;192e4167-334a-4035-8380-190b29b40269&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Transformer le soin p&#233;rinatal pour les m&#232;res immigr&#233;es&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-10-22T17:28:00.735Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!60Xf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6188b31-98c3-4f12-88fe-ef8c424c793f_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/transformer-le-soin-perinatal-pour&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:176847325,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[How we learn to care]]></title><description><![CDATA[February newsletter]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/how-we-learn-to-care</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/how-we-learn-to-care</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 01 Mar 2026 15:39:08 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Lire cette lettre en fran&#231;ais:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;904a2bfd-5e5b-4e14-ba01-62c644b56a08&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;L&#8217;une des contributions majeures des sciences sociales &#224; notre compr&#233;hension du comportement humain concerne le fait que la violence s&#8217;apprend. Loin d&#8217;&#234;tre le produit d&#8217;un instinct inn&#233;, nous savons aujourd&#8217;hui qu&#8217;une attitude agressive et dominatrice s&#8217;acquiert progressivement &#224; travers diff&#233;rents mod&#232;les sociaux&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Apprendre &#224; prendre soin&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-03-01T15:26:18.462Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/apprendre-a-prendre-soin&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:189550248,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg" width="1456" height="972" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:972,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:6125256,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/189554343?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!t4fQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0623e153-2cbd-41f8-b57b-7822d793986a_7744x5171.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">&#169;Frankie Cordoba on Unsplash.</figcaption></figure></div><p>That violence is <em>learned </em>is one of the central contributions of the social sciences to our understanding of human behaviour. We know, by now, that aggressive and dominating attitudes are progressively acquired through a number of social models, rather than primarily the product of an innate drive.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a> We know there is a mutually reinforcing relationship between cultural, structural and interpersonal violence<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>, that becoming numb to one type of violence makes one more likely to engage in others &#8211; the way a slaughterhouse opening in a town drives up the local prevalence of domestic abuse.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a></p><p>In Caliban and the Witch, Silvia Federici recounts how French Jesuit missionaries sought out to dictate to the Montagnais-Naskapi, an Indigenous nation of mid-17th century Canada, how to govern themselves:</p><blockquote><p>&#8220;[The French] were scandalised by their &#8216;lack of morals&#8217;; they saw that the Nasapki had no conception (...) of authority, of male superiority, and they even refused to punish their children.&#8221; (...) A missionary recalled in his diary an exchange he had with a Nasapki man: &#8220;I told him it was not honourable for a woman to love anyone else except her husband, and that this evil being among them, he himself was not sure that his son, who was present, was his son. He replied, &#8216;Thou has no sense. You French people love only your children; but we love all the children of our tribe.&#8217; I began to laugh seeing that he philosophised in horse and mule fashion.&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a></p></blockquote><p>The Jesuits eventually succeeded in persuading the Nasapki to whip their children by conditioning their fur trade agreements to such practices. We know, in other words, that violence is taught and continuously enforced, and not the spontaneous manifestation of our state of nature.</p><p>By contrast, we know a lot less about how care is learned. We infer it, to an extent, as the mirror image of the apprenticeship of violence &#8211; but the symmetry only goes so far. Only relatively recently have we begun to research care as a <em>practice</em>, with principles, which can be done well or badly, and therefore taught. Western philosophical traditions inquired at length into the nature of the self and our moral obligations to one another; yet their proponents rarely connected these questions to the everyday reality of those who cared for them, and how well &#8211; unsurprisingly, mostly how badly &#8211; they cared back. Domestic work and dependency care were of the realm of the mundane, the practical, unfit for philosophical reflection. They just&#8230; happened.</p><p>Even the idea that caregiving can be learned at all is a relatively new one. Attention to others, the capacity to nurture, reassure, comfort, were long considered innate qualities that come with being born female. Yet contradictorily, they were also thought to be fragile forms of knowledge that could be lost if one learned other things. The gradual opening of university examinations to women in 1870s England led to heated debates between proponents of &#8216;educational assimilation&#8217; and those of &#8216;educational pluralism&#8217;, who preferred to keep boys&#8217; schools and curricula separate from those of girls. Their central claim was that giving girls a &#8220;boys&#8217; education&#8221;, with subjects such as physics and history, would result in the loss of their &#8216;natural sensuality&#8217; and in &#8220;the creation of a new race of puny, sedentary and unfeminine students&#8221;. This would &#8220;destroy the grace and charm of social life, [and] disqualify women from their true vocation, the nurture of the coming race and the governance of well-ordered, healthy and happy homes.&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a> One doctor even claimed that after a period of higher education, &#8220;flat-chested girls&#8221; would be &#8220;unable to suckle infants.&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a></p><p>This marginalisation and long-lived misleading beliefs about the nature of care mean that unlike violence, we don&#8217;t have good mental models of what &#8216;structural care&#8217; or &#8216;cultural care&#8217; look like, or how they trickle down into interpersonal care. As a result, much of the way we structure caregiving in society is not, in fact, done with any deep understanding of how care works. France&#8217;s 2015 paternity leave reform, which I <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/a-french-lesson-in-paternity-leave">wrote about</a> last July, is a good example of this: it failed to provoke any significant uptake among new fathers because it did not factor in that the ability to take care of a child is developed over time, rather than simply turned on and off.</p><p>As <span class="mention-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;aelle&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:30304749,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/89977f94-52e2-4ba7-b606-5d0b550f6014_400x400.jpeg&quot;,&quot;uuid&quot;:&quot;60b72285-5093-4f4e-b57d-3fa2825a2931&quot;}" data-component-name="MentionToDOM"></span> wisely pointed out, learning to care &#8211; in the broadest possible sense, of how we maintain our world and each other, how we build strong webs of interdependence without losing our unique selves &#8211; is mostly not an <em>information </em>problem. You do not learn it the way you would the date of a famous battle. You see it modelled all around you. At home, where you learn <em>who </em>does what kind of care, how much it is acknowledged and valued; whether it is an expansive force that spills out to all who pass through or an exclusive rarity, granted with conditions. At school, where you internalise authoritarian cultures that center punishment and hierarchy, or on the contrary, where healthy relationality to others and to nature is intentionally embedded in the curriculum.</p><p>None of these sites of learning operate in isolation. Cultural narratives, artistic representation, linguistic changes, our webs of weak and strong ties to the people in our lives &#8211; all of those shape our perception of how important care is and who is responsible for it. A child can be taught non-violent communication at their forest school yet see domination modelled at home every day. Teenage boys can be given anti-misogyny classes, but those are unlikely to mean much if they receive constant messaging that paints women as lesser humans.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a></p><p>This is why care <em>systems </em>are such a central focus of our work at the Fifth Wave Institute: they are the overarching structures that either support or suppress our learning of care. They have the power to keep vulnerability alien, dependency shameful, respect a sign of weakness, and hierarchy natural &#8211; but they also have the power to make them something else entirely. They can be built to make interdependence an utterly basic part of our social fabric, such that care flows with much fewer barriers.</p><p>They could mean every city center has somewhere people can come to with those they care for, so that a man who cares full-time for his wife with Alzheimer&#8217;s can get a few hours of rest and some warm conversation. They could make it possible to take a &#8216;care day&#8217; off to support a sibling with their new baby; make alloparenting so banal that prenatal classes are almost superfluous; they could make dying at home, surrounded by relatives, a much more normal end to a person&#8217;s life. Once we stop accepting the systems we have today as the best we can get, a world of alternatives opens up.</p><p>These systems are costly and difficult to build; they require grit and imagination. Rita Thapa, who I <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/how-nepal-made-mothers-the-backbone">interviewed</a> in November, had to push through the skepticism of many a foreign donor and government official to transform Nepal&#8217;s primary care system and put mothers at its core. Cambodian Children&#8217;s Trust, whose pioneer &#8216;Village Hive&#8217; model Bethany Hansel <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/how-nepal-made-mothers-the-backbone">analysed</a> last month, will have to mitigate the effects of corruption and antiquated charity structures to make it the country&#8217;s default child protection system. In a forthcoming piece, Bethany explores the challenges faced by New Zealand in scaling its national &#8216;pedagogy of care&#8217; rooted in M&#257;ori principles. In another, Genevieve Schweitzer delves into the relational shift in French sex education, which received (and still faces) intense backlash from conservative and religious groups.</p><p>Despite these obstacles, these systems exist, and more of them are emerging. The &#8216;<a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/overcoming-the-institutional-paradox">institutional paradox of care</a>&#8217; I wrote about in September, which seems to make rigid policy structures or profit-making companies incompatible with good care provision, can be overcome. Our mission over the next few decades will be to help design institutions with care <em>built in</em> &#8211; that make care so supported, so obviously central to all of our lives that learning it simply becomes a normal part of being human.</p><p><strong>In other news</strong></p><p>Last week, The Fifth Wave Institute and the Themis Foundation launched a nationwide consultation of French town halls regarding women&#8217;s health and caregiving support. In partnership with the mayor of Orgeval, Herv&#233; Charnallet, we designed a survey asking France&#8217;s 35.000 town halls about their policies regarding women&#8217;s health, perinatal care, support for children and parents, intergenerational spaces, and care-friendly urban design. Collected data will form the basis of a &#8216;state of affairs&#8217; synthesis report and an action guide, which themselves will be the starting point of a mayors&#8217; working group in partnership with the Association of French Mayors.</p><p>We also recently joined the <a href="https://menengage.org/">MenEngage Alliance</a>, the world&#8217;s largest collective of organisations working to bring men and boys into the fight for gender justice; and the <a href="https://www.globalallianceforcare.org/en/">Global Alliance for Care</a>, a community of civil society organisations, governments, trade unions, philanthropic and academic institutions working to bring about the care society. Created in 2021 by the Government of Mexico and UN Women, the GAC seeks to strengthen and structure our collective efforts to recognise care &#8220;as a need, as work, and as a right&#8221;.</p><p>The very existence of such an alliance, as well as the impressive diversity of its members (both geographical and institutional), show that things are changing around care. Latin American countries in particular &#8211; as I wrote about <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/latin-americas-care-revolution">here</a> &#8211; are leading the effort to transform our economies and social structures, taking what many still see as a feminist utopia and making it a concrete reality. The Institute is the first France-based organisation to join, and I&#8217;m truly grateful for the opportunity to play a part in what I believe will be the defining movement of the next century.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute is a think-and-act tank working to build a future of fair, valued and collective caregiving. Subscribe to receive our articles and support our mission.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Jeongsuk Kim, Bora Lee, Naomi B. Farber, &#8216;Where do they learn violence? The roles of three forms of violent socialization in childhood.&#8217; Children and Youth Services Review, Volume 107, 2019, 104494, ISSN 0190-7409, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104494">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104494</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Galtung, J. (1990). Cultural Violence. <em>Journal of Peace Research</em>, <em>27</em>(3), 291-305.<a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343390027003005"> https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343390027003005</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Fitzgerald, A. J., Kalof, L., &amp; Dietz, T. (2009). &#8216;Slaughterhouses and Increased Crime Rates: An Empirical Analysis of the Spillover From &#8220;The Jungle&#8221; Into the Surrounding Community&#8217;. Organization &amp; Environment, 22(2), 158-184. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026609338164">https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026609338164</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Passages from Leacock, Eleanor Burke (1981). <em>Myths of Male Dominance: Collected Articles on Women Cross-Culturally</em>, cited in Federici, Silvia (2004). <em>Caliban and the Witch: Women, the Body, and Primitive Accumulation</em>. Autonomedia.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>J. Fitch, &#8216;Women and the Universities&#8217;, Contemporary Review, August 1890, p.252. Cited in Ann Oakley and Juliet Mitchell (eds.), <em>The Rights and Wrongs of Women, </em>Penguin Books, 1976.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>H. Spencer, &#8216;Principles of Biology&#8217;, Lancet, no. 2, 1886, p.315. Cited in Ibid. [Note the contemporary obsession with eugenics and breeding capacities in the wake of the Darwinian revolution.] The author also remarks that this debate of course only concerned itself with upper-class girls: no one who repeatedly spoke of the rest needed during menstruation appeared to worry that girls and women who worked as servants and factory-hands would be harmed in their reproductive capacities by their extremely physically taxing jobs.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Tellingly, a recent report submitted to France&#8217;s minister of justice warns that &#8220;responsibility workshops&#8221; given to convicted domestic abusers as part of their probation often turn into sites of mutual reinforcement of these men&#8217;s misogynistic attitudes: put in a room together, their collective commitment to patriarchal masculinity and refusal to admit to any wrongdoing reveals itself a much stronger influence than two days&#8217; worth of Powerpoint slides about sexism.</p><div><hr></div><p>Further reading:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;1f110fa1-4a59-4784-a329-3caa5569f489&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire cet entretien en fran&#231;ais (version originale):&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Care, autonomy, punitivism and blame in the French carceral system&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-02-06T10:30:47.353Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/if-we-dont-talk-about-prison-it-doesnt&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Interviews&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:187002396,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;5640c3e9-dc12-4e21-b857-15fcfa8b951d&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire cet article en fran&#231;ais:&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Are today&#8217;s dads feminist?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-18T08:54:43.226Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cEbT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45c7035-6c4f-41eb-994d-a4e3b48556e2_1600x1205.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/are-todays-dads-feminist&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Interviews&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:179550826,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:9,&quot;comment_count&quot;:4,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;f481a7fb-32e7-46d9-90ea-23922222aac7&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire cet article en fran&#231;ais:&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Latin America&#8217;s care revolution &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-03T23:15:40.942Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rnOq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbca0ca01-f8a3-4818-9da1-bb3b8e68bddb_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/latin-americas-care-revolution&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Blueprints&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:180653770,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:20,&quot;comment_count&quot;:7,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Apprendre à prendre soin]]></title><description><![CDATA[Newsletter de f&#233;vrier 2026]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/apprendre-a-prendre-soin</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/apprendre-a-prendre-soin</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 01 Mar 2026 15:26:18 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg" width="1456" height="972" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/ff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:972,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:6125256,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/189550248?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!234-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fff6d9554-f020-41c8-ba30-e6fb4c36e437_7744x5171.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">&#169;Frankie Cordoba/Unsplash.</figcaption></figure></div><p>L&#8217;une des contributions majeures des sciences sociales &#224; notre compr&#233;hension du comportement humain concerne le fait que la violence <em>s&#8217;apprend</em>. Loin d&#8217;&#234;tre le produit d&#8217;un instinct inn&#233;, nous savons aujourd&#8217;hui qu&#8217;une attitude agressive et dominatrice s&#8217;acquiert progressivement &#224; travers diff&#233;rents mod&#232;les sociaux<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>. Nous savons que les violences culturelle, structurelle et interpersonnelle se renforcent mutuellement<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>, et que s&#8217;habituer &#224; l&#8217;une nous rend plus susceptible d&#8217;en exercer d&#8217;autres &#8211; comme lorsque l&#8217;ouverture d&#8217;un abattoir aux abords d&#8217;une ville entra&#238;ne une hausse locale des violences conjugales<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a>.</p><p>Dans <em>Caliban et la Sorci&#232;re</em>, Silvia Federici raconte comment des missionnaires j&#233;suites fran&#231;ais cherch&#232;rent &#224; dicter aux Montagnais-Naskapi, peuple autochtone du Canada du milieu du XVIIe si&#232;cle, comment se comporter :</p><blockquote><p>&#171; [Les Fran&#231;ais] &#233;taient scandalis&#233;s par leur &#8220;absence de morale&#8221; ; ils constat&#232;rent que les Naskapi n&#8217;avaient aucune conception (&#8230;) de l&#8217;autorit&#233;, de la sup&#233;riorit&#233; masculine, et qu&#8217;ils refusaient m&#234;me de punir leurs enfants. &#187; (&#8230;) Un missionnaire rapporte dans son journal un &#233;change avec un homme naskapi : &#171; Je lui dis qu&#8217;il n&#8217;&#233;tait pas honorable pour une femme d&#8217;aimer quelqu&#8217;un d&#8217;autre que son mari, et que, ce mal existant parmi eux, il ne pouvait &#234;tre certain que le fils pr&#233;sent f&#251;t bien le sien. Il me r&#233;pondit : &#8220;Tu n&#8217;as pas de bon sens. Vous autres Fran&#231;ais n&#8217;aimez que vos propres enfants ; nous, nous aimons tous les enfants de notre tribu.&#8221; Je me mis &#224; rire en le voyant philosopher &#224; la mani&#232;re des chevaux et des mules. &#187;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a></p></blockquote><p>Les J&#233;suites finirent par persuader les Naskapi de fouetter leurs enfants en conditionnant leurs accords commerciaux &#224; l&#8217;adoption de telles pratiques. Nous savons, autrement dit, que la violence s&#8217;enseigne et se renforce continuellement, loin d&#8217;&#234;tre l&#8217;expression spontan&#233;e de notre &#233;tat de nature.</p><p>En revanche, nous en savons bien moins sur la fa&#231;on dont on apprend &#224; prendre soin. On le suppose, en partie, comme &#233;tant l&#8217;inverse de l&#8217;apprentissage de la violence &#8211; mais la sym&#233;trie a ses limites. Ce n&#8217;est que r&#233;cemment que l&#8217;on a commenc&#233; &#224; &#233;tudier le soin comme une <em>pratique</em>, dot&#233;e de principes, qui peut &#234;tre bien ou mal exerc&#233;e et donc transmise. Les traditions philosophiques occidentales ont longuement interrog&#233; la nature de l&#8217;&#234;tre et nos obligations morales envers autrui ; pourtant, leurs penseurs ont rarement reli&#233; ces questions &#224; la r&#233;alit&#233; quotidienne de celles et ceux qui prenaient soin d&#8217;eux, ni &#224; la mani&#232;re &#8212; souvent, sans surprise, d&#233;faillante &#8212; dont ils le leur rendaient. Le travail domestique et le soin aux plus vuln&#233;rables relevaient du domaine du banal, du pratique, indignes de r&#233;flexion philosophique. Ils allaient de soi.</p><p>L&#8217;id&#233;e m&#234;me que prendre soin s&#8217;apprend est relativement r&#233;cente. L&#8217;attention aux autres, la capacit&#233; &#224; soutenir, rassurer, consoler ont longtemps &#233;t&#233; consid&#233;r&#233;es comme des qualit&#233;s inh&#233;rentes au fait de na&#238;tre femme. Pourtant, de fa&#231;on contradictoire, on les pensait aussi fragiles, susceptibles de dispara&#238;tre face &#224; d&#8217;autres savoirs. L&#8217;ouverture progressive des examens universitaires aux femmes dans l&#8217;Angleterre des ann&#233;es 1870 donna lieu &#224; des d&#233;bats passionn&#233;s entre les partisans de &#171; l&#8217;assimilation &#233;ducative &#187; et ceux du &#171; pluralisme &#233;ducatif &#187;, qui pr&#233;f&#233;raient garder les &#233;coles et programmes des gar&#231;ons distincts de ceux des filles. Leur argument central &#233;tait qu&#8217;offrir aux filles une &#171; &#233;ducation de gar&#231;ons &#187;, avec des mati&#232;res comme la physique ou l&#8217;histoire, entra&#238;nerait la perte de leur &#171; sensualit&#233; naturelle &#187; et aboutirait &#224; &#171; la cr&#233;ation d&#8217;une nouvelle race d&#8217;&#233;tudiantes ch&#233;tives, s&#233;dentaires et d&#233;nu&#233;es de f&#233;minit&#233; &#187;. Cela &#171; d&#233;truirait la gr&#226;ce et le charme de la vie sociale [et] disqualifierait les femmes de leur v&#233;ritable vocation : nourrir la g&#233;n&#233;ration &#224; venir et gouverner des foyers bien ordonn&#233;s, sains et heureux &#187;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a>. Un m&#233;decin alla m&#234;me jusqu&#8217;&#224; affirmer qu&#8217;apr&#232;s une p&#233;riode d&#8217;&#233;tudes sup&#233;rieures, des &#171; jeunes filles &#224; la poitrine plate &#187; seraient &#171; incapables d&#8217;allaiter leurs nourrissons &#187;.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a></p><p>Cette marginalisation et ces croyances erron&#233;es expliquent que, contrairement &#224; la violence, nous n&#8217;ayons pas de mod&#232;les mentaux solides de ce que pourraient &#234;tre un &#171; care structurel &#187; ou un &#171; care culturel &#187;, ni de la mani&#232;re dont ils se r&#233;percutent dans les relations interpersonnelles. En cons&#233;quence, l&#8217;organisation sociale du soin ne repose pas, en r&#233;alit&#233;, sur une compr&#233;hension approfondie de son fonctionnement. La r&#233;forme fran&#231;aise du cong&#233; paternit&#233; de 2015 en est un bon exemple : elle n&#8217;a pas entra&#238;n&#233; de hausse significative du recours au cong&#233; des nouveaux p&#232;res, parce qu&#8217;elle ne <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/a-french-lesson-in-paternity-leave?r=2qoaj6&amp;utm_campaign=post&amp;utm_medium=web">tenait pas compte</a> du fait que la capacit&#233; &#224; prendre soin d&#8217;un enfant se d&#233;veloppe d&#232;s sa naissance.</p><p>Apprendre &#224; prendre soin &#8212; de notre monde et des autres &#8212; n&#8217;est pas principalement une question d&#8217;<em>information</em>. On ne l&#8217;apprend pas comme on apprendrait la date d&#8217;une bataille c&#233;l&#232;bre. On le voit, incarn&#233;, autour de soi. &#192; la maison, o&#249; l&#8217;on apprend <em>qui </em>accomplit quels gestes de soin, s&#8217;ils sont reconnus et valoris&#233;s ; si le soin est une force expansive qui se d&#233;ploie vers tous, ou une ressource rare et conditionnelle. &#192; l&#8217;&#233;cole, o&#249; l&#8217;on int&#233;riorise des cultures autoritaires centr&#233;es sur la punition et la hi&#233;rarchie, ou au contraire des environnements o&#249; la relation saine aux autres et &#224; la nature est intentionnellement int&#233;gr&#233;e aux programmes.</p><p>Aucun de ces lieux d&#8217;apprentissage ne fonctionne isol&#233;ment. Les r&#233;cits culturels, les repr&#233;sentations artistiques, les &#233;volutions du langage, nos liens forts ou moins forts avec les personnes qui traversent nos vies  &#8212; tout cela fa&#231;onne notre perception de l&#8217;importance du soin et de qui doit en assumer la responsabilit&#233;. Un enfant peut apprendre la communication non violente dans son &#233;cole Montessori et pourtant voir, chaque jour, la domination se rejouer &#224; la maison. Des adolescents peuvent suivre des cours de sensibilisation &#224; la misogynie, mais ceux-ci auront peu d&#8217;effet s&#8217;ils re&#231;oivent en permanence des messages ext&#233;rieurs qui d&#233;peignent les femmes comme moindres.</p><p>C&#8217;est pourquoi les syst&#232;mes de soin sont le c&#339;ur de notre travail au Fifth Wave Institute: ce sont les structures englobantes qui soutiennent ou entravent notre apprentissage du soin. Ils peuvent faire en sorte que la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; reste un fait &#233;trange, la d&#233;pendance une honte, le respect un signe de faiblesse et la hi&#233;rarchie une chose naturelle &#8212; mais ils peuvent aussi en faire tout autre chose. Ils peuvent &#234;tre con&#231;us pour faire de l&#8217;interd&#233;pendance une composante &#233;l&#233;mentaire de notre tissu social, afin que le soin circule avec beaucoup moins d&#8217;obstacles.</p><p>Cela pourrait signifier que chaque centre-ville dispose d&#8217;un lieu o&#249; chacun puisse venir avec les personnes dont il ou elle s&#8217;occupe, afin qu&#8217;un homme qui prend soin &#224; temps plein de son &#233;pouse atteinte d&#8217;Alzheimer puisse par exemple b&#233;n&#233;ficier de quelques heures de repos et d&#8217;une conversation chaleureuse. Cela pourrait rendre possible la prise d&#8217;une journ&#233;e de &#8216;cong&#233; soin&#8217; pour soutenir sa fille qui vient d&#8217;accoucher ; rendre l&#8217;<a href="https://www.milkmagazine.net/article/alloparentalite/">alloparentalit&#233;</a> si ordinaire que les cours pr&#233;nataux deviennent presque superflus ; ou faire en sorte que mourir chez soi, entour&#233; de ses proches, soit une fa&#231;on habituelle de finir sa vie. D&#232;s lors que nous cessons de consid&#233;rer nos syst&#232;mes actuels comme le seul horizon possible, un champ immense d&#8217;alternatives s&#8217;ouvre &#224; nous.</p><p>Ces syst&#232;mes sont co&#251;teux et difficiles &#224; b&#226;tir ; ils exigent t&#233;nacit&#233; et imagination. Rita Thapa, que j&#8217;ai <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/rita-thapa-architecte-visionnaire">interview&#233;e</a> en novembre, a d&#251; surmonter le scepticisme de nombreux bailleurs internationaux pour transformer le syst&#232;me de soins primaires au N&#233;pal et placer les m&#232;res en son c&#339;ur. Le Cambodian Children&#8217;s Trust, dont Bethany Hansel a <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/au-cambodge-un-modele-communautaire">analys&#233;</a> le mod&#232;le pionnier de &#8220;Ruches villageoises&#8221;, doit s&#8217;attaquer aux effets d&#8217;une corruption g&#233;n&#233;ralis&#233;e pour esp&#233;rer en faire un mod&#232;le national. Dans un article &#224; para&#238;tre, Bethany explore les d&#233;fis rencontr&#233;s par la Nouvelle-Z&#233;lande pour d&#233;ployer &#224; l&#8217;&#233;chelle nationale une &#171; p&#233;dagogie du care &#187; ancr&#233;e dans des principes M&#257;ori. Dans un autre, Genevieve Schweitzer examine le tournant relationnel de l&#8217;&#233;ducation sexuelle en France, qui a suscit&#233; &#8212; et suscite encore &#8212; une vive opposition de la part de groupes conservateurs et religieux.</p><p>Malgr&#233; ces obstacles, ces syst&#232;mes existent, et de nouveaux sont en train d&#8217;&#233;merger. Le &#8220;<a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/overcoming-the-institutional-paradox">paradoxe institutionnel du care</a>&#8221;, qui semble rendre incompatibles des structures publiques rigides ou des entreprises &#224; but lucratif avec un soin de qualit&#233;, peut &#234;tre d&#233;pass&#233;. Notre mission, au cours des prochaines d&#233;cennies, sera d&#8217;aider &#224; concevoir des institutions pens&#233;es <em>pour</em> le soin &#8212; qui le soutiennent de mani&#232;re si &#233;vidente, si centrale, qu&#8217;apprendre &#224; prendre soin fasse naturellement partie de chacune de nos vies.</p><p><strong>Autres actualit&#233;s</strong></p><p>La semaine derni&#232;re, The Fifth Wave Institute et la Fondation Themis ont lanc&#233; une consultation nationale des mairies fran&#231;aises sur la sant&#233; des femmes. En partenariat avec le maire d&#8217;Orgeval, Herv&#233; Charnallet, nous avons con&#231;u un questionnaire adress&#233; aux 35 000 mairies de France sur leurs politiques en mati&#232;re de sant&#233; des femmes, de p&#233;rinatalit&#233;, de soutien aux enfants et aux parents, d&#8217;espaces interg&#233;n&#233;rationnels et d&#8217;urbanisme du &#8216;care&#8217;. Les donn&#233;es recueillies serviront de base &#224; un rapport de synth&#232;se sur l&#8217;&#233;tat des lieux et &#224; un guide d&#8217;action, qui constitueront eux-m&#234;mes le point de d&#233;part d&#8217;un groupe de travail de maires en partenariat avec l&#8217;Association des maires de France.</p><p>Nous avons &#233;galement r&#233;cemment rejoint la <a href="https://menengage.org/">MenEngage Alliance</a>, la plus grande coalition mondiale d&#8217;organisations &#339;uvrant &#224; l&#8217;engagement des hommes et des gar&#231;ons en faveur de la justice de genre ; et la <a href="https://www.globalallianceforcare.org/en/">Global Alliance for Care</a>, une communaut&#233; d&#8217;organisations de la soci&#233;t&#233; civile, de gouvernements, de syndicats, d&#8217;institutions philanthropiques et acad&#233;miques mobilis&#233;e pour faire advenir la soci&#233;t&#233; du <em>care</em>. Cr&#233;&#233;e en 2021 par le gouvernement du Mexique et ONU Femmes, la GAC vise &#224; renforcer et structurer nos efforts collectifs pour reconna&#238;tre le soin &#171; comme un besoin, comme un travail et comme un droit &#187;.</p><p>L&#8217;existence m&#234;me d&#8217;une telle alliance, ainsi que l&#8217;impressionnante diversit&#233; de ses membres &#8212; tant sur le plan g&#233;ographique qu&#8217;institutionnel &#8212; montrent que les choses avancent. Les pays d&#8217;Am&#233;rique Latine en particulier sont <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/en-amerique-latine-la-revolution">&#224; l&#8217;avant-garde</a> de la transformation de nos &#233;conomies et de nos structures sociales, faisant de ce que beaucoup consid&#232;rent encore comme une utopie f&#233;ministe une r&#233;alit&#233; concr&#232;te. The Fifth Wave Institute est la premi&#232;re organisation bas&#233;e en France &#224; rejoindre cette alliance, et je suis profond&#233;ment reconnaissante de pouvoir contribuer &#224; ce qui sera, j&#8217;en suis convaincue, un mouvement d&#233;terminant pour le si&#232;cle &#224; venir.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute travaille &#224; la construction de meilleurs syst&#232;mes de soin. Abonnez-vous pour recevoir nos publications et nous soutenir.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Jeongsuk Kim, Bora Lee, Naomi B. Farber, &#8216;Where do they learn violence? The roles of three forms of violent socialization in childhood.&#8217; Children and Youth Services Review, Volume 107, 2019, 104494, ISSN 0190-7409, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104494">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104494</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Galtung, J. (1990). Cultural Violence. <em>Journal of Peace Research</em>, <em>27</em>(3), 291-305.<a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343390027003005"> https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343390027003005</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Fitzgerald, A. J., Kalof, L., &amp; Dietz, T. (2009). &#8216;Slaughterhouses and Increased Crime Rates: An Empirical Analysis of the Spillover From &#8220;The Jungle&#8221; Into the Surrounding Community&#8217;. Organization &amp; Environment, 22(2), 158-184. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026609338164">https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026609338164</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Passages issus de Leacock, Eleanor Burke (1981). <em>Myths of Male Dominance: Collected Articles on Women Cross-Culturally</em>, cit&#233;s dans Federici, Silvia (2004). <em>Caliban and the Witch: Women, the Body, and Primitive Accumulation</em>. Autonomedia.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>J. Fitch, &#8216;Women and the Universities&#8217;, Contemporary Review, August 1890, p.252. Cit&#233; dans Ann Oakley and Juliet Mitchell (eds.), <em>The Rights and Wrongs of Women, </em>Penguin Books, 1976.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>H. Spencer, &#8216;Principles of Biology&#8217;, Lancet, no. 2, 1886, p.315. Cit&#233; dans Ibid.</p><div><hr></div><p>Lire ensuite:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;4e233c85-1b83-4d4f-8361-246663b40151&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Claire Favre est psychologue clinicienne au sein de l&#8217;unit&#233; sanitaire du Centre P&#233;nitentiaire de Varennes le Grand, en Bourgogne, et chercheur associ&#233;e au laboratoire Psy-DREPI de l&#8217;Universit&#233; Bourgogne Europe. Elle est &#233;galement formatrice en prise en charge des violences conjugales pour l&#8217;association de soutien aux victimes&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&#8220;En prison, partout l&#8217;intime devient extime&#8221;&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-02-05T17:43:05.197Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/en-prison-partout-lintime-devient&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:187000136,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:4,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;3ce1a653-5cde-436c-a3e5-4798ccdcc678&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Les p&#232;res d'aujourd'hui sont-ils f&#233;ministes?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-18T07:51:15.127Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e4YU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2d3d3af-71f8-4d63-97a8-f57914a2f9e4_1600x1205.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/les-peres-daujourdhui-sont-ils-feministes&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:181894503,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:4,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;f125c779-7311-4a7c-8631-7a203312c640&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;En Am&#233;rique Latine, la r&#233;volution du 'care'&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-03T22:44:04.045Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!x05L!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4ac58eb-7528-440b-afba-9b91c2f62731_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/en-amerique-latine-la-revolution&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:180650371,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:5,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Care, autonomy, punitivism and blame in the French carceral system]]></title><description><![CDATA[A conversation with prison psychologist Claire Favre]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/if-we-dont-talk-about-prison-it-doesnt</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/if-we-dont-talk-about-prison-it-doesnt</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 06 Feb 2026 10:30:47 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Lire cet entretien en fran&#231;ais (version originale):</em> </p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;bdd50643-2c5b-4919-8eff-3d35a323b4ad&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Claire Favre est psychologue clinicienne au sein de l&#8217;unit&#233; sanitaire du Centre P&#233;nitentiaire de Varennes le Grand, en Bourgogne, et chercheur associ&#233;e au laboratoire Psy-DREPI de l&#8217;Universit&#233; Bourgogne Europe. Elle est &#233;galement formatrice en prise en charge des violences conjugales pour l&#8217;association de soutien aux victimes&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&#8220;En prison, partout l&#8217;intime devient extime&#8221;&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-02-05T17:43:05.197Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/en-prison-partout-lintime-devient&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:187000136,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg" width="1456" height="932" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:932,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2641043,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/187000136?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">&#169;Matthew Ansley/Unsplash. </figcaption></figure></div><p>Claire Favre is a clinical psychologist in the Varennes-le-Grand Penitentiary Centre in Burgundy, France, and an associate researcher of the <a href="https://psy-drepi.ube.fr/">Psy-DREPI lab</a> at Bourgogne Europe University. She also trains professionals in addressing domestic violence for <a href="https://solidaritefemmes21.fr/">Solidarit&#233; Femmes 21</a>, a victim support charity.</p><p>In a recent <a href="https://chaire-philo.fr/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/article-de-claire-favre-dans-la-revue-soins-n%C2%B0898.pdf">paper</a>, she examines the growing intrusion of the carceral system into therapeutic relationships within prisons, and its ethical implications for her practice.</p><p>This interview for <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/">The Fifth Wave Institute</a> explores a central question, whose relevance goes far beyond the penal context: what does it mean to <em>care</em> in an environment defined by its violence?</p><div><hr></div><p><em><strong>This interview was conducted, written and translated from French by M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat. Procedural and legal details may not apply outside of the French context.</strong></em></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>What led you to become a prison psychologist?</strong></p><p>A class on totalitarianism in middle school. Specifically, we read <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_Is_My_Trade">Death Is My Trade</a> by Robert Merle. The novel tells the story of a Nazi officer tasked with finding the most efficient way to exterminate Jewish people &#8212; the &#8216;final solution&#8217;. He sees himself as trapped by an impossible choice, a classic illustration of Milgram&#8217;s <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21366616/">obedience to authority</a> experiment.</p><p>I discovered that people could commit atrocities without being <em>inherently</em> monstrous. Later, I explored this further through Eichmann&#8217;s trial and Hannah Arendt&#8217;s work on the banality of evil. I wanted to understand why people do atrocious things; prison felt like a natural extension of that inquiry.</p><p>Early in my psychology studies, I got involved with the G&#233;n&#233;pi [<em>the National Student Group for Prison Education, <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/08/07/prisons-la-fin-de-l-association-genepi-recit-d-un-enfermement_6090799_3224.html">dissolved</a> in 2021</em>], a student association that provided classes in prisons, which Robert Badinter<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a> helped set up. Its name comes from a plant that grows where no one else goes.</p><p>Its central mission was to give detainees access to education &#8211; it&#8217;s worth pointing out that the average educational level in prison is equivalent to primary school. I taught French and Spanish there. But it also allowed detainees to discover that young people could voluntarily want to spend time with them, want to engage. Prison is a strange space; if we don&#8217;t talk about it, it doesn&#8217;t exist. People don&#8217;t necessarily think about what happens behind those walls.</p><p>The organisation&#8217;s secondary mission was to raise public awareness of prison conditions &#8211; that was the more &#8216;activist&#8217; side. Through the G&#233;n&#233;pi, I visited several types of prisons and later did internships in a <a href="https://www.corrections.sa.gov.au/prison/remanded-in-custody/remand">remand centre</a> (for pre-trial detainees and short sentences) and a penitentiary centre (which includes a remand centre and a detention centre for longer sentences and convicted individuals).</p><p><strong>Did the reality of prison match your expectations?</strong></p><p>We were repeatedly warned about security: in the G&#233;n&#233;pi, we were regularly told to be very careful with detainees, that it would be dangerous, especially as young students. There was a lot of pressure on how we should interact with them.</p><p>But in my experience, the environment is so secure &#8212; in consultation rooms, there&#8217;s an emergency pedal on the floor or a panic button, guards patrol behind glass doors &#8212; that we&#8217;re actually freed from the responsibility of securing ourselves. We can truly be available for the person.</p><p>I&#8217;ve actually felt much less unsafe working in prison than, for example, in a community mental health centre on a Friday evening, more or less alone in the building, attending to someone who&#8217;s drunk or difficult. Similarly, some colleagues who work in the ER are a lot more at risk than in prison.</p><p><strong>You later moved into research alongside your clinical work. Why?</strong></p><p>As a young graduate, I struggled to find meaning in certain violent acts. The literature explains that there isn&#8217;t one type of violent act, but many &#8212; but I needed to push the reflection further, to understand, by turning to research.</p><p>During my studies, I read <em>the</em> book on violent acts by Claude Balier, one of the first psychoanalysts to introduce psychological care, including psychoanalytic approaches, into prisons in the 1980s.</p><p>I contacted him because I wanted him to supervise me. He was retired, but we formed a bond, and he became my informal supervisor for a long time. He encouraged me to do my thesis on emotions and violent behaviour. It was a very meaningful encounter.</p><p>I then started teaching alongside my clinical practice, so I wear both hats. It&#8217;s good to step out of the prison environment from time to time.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg" width="1456" height="1092" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1092,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Claire Favre.</figcaption></figure></div><p><strong>In your article </strong><em><strong>Psychological care in prison: the importance of ethical reflection</strong></em><strong>, you examine a certain &#8220;infiltration&#8221; of the judicial institution into the process of care</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a><strong>.</strong></p><p><strong>You cite an interview with Michel Foucault and Pierre Werner, where Foucault discusses the central role of medical practice in mechanisms of social repression: &#8220;As if punishing a crime no longer made much sense, we assimilate the criminal to a patient, and the sentence claims to be a therapeutic prescription.&#8221;</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a></p><p><strong>How does this infiltration alter the </strong><em><strong>encounter</strong></em><strong> between caregiver and patient, which is essential to a true care relationship?</strong></p><p>To take a recent example, a man told me at the beginning of a session, &#8220;The judge said I won&#8217;t go to trial until I&#8217;ve put meaning to my actions.&#8221; So he doesn&#8217;t come to the consultation to deeply understand the causes of his distress or his actions. He comes with an order, to tick a box.</p><p>Detainees struggle to imagine that our sessions could be solely for them, to relieve their suffering, rather than another instrument of the prison institution. It&#8217;s very difficult as a care professional to break free from this once the mechanism is set in motion. But on the other hand, we can understand that he wants his trial to take place, that he wants to move forward in his incarceration.</p><p>Many patients also ask us if we will write a report for the judge, because they think it might benefit them. But it can just as easily harm them. There&#8217;s confusion between care and expertise: we&#8217;re perpetually forced to reset the framework.</p><p>We regularly clarify in interviews that we have nothing to do with forensic psychiatrists, that we don&#8217;t write reports, that we don&#8217;t transmit information, that professional secrecy is preserved. We remind them that here, we are under the responsibility of the Ministry of Health, not the Ministry of Justice, which is the case for the rest of the facilities.</p><p>And a few months later, we have to clarify it again, because in the meantime, people receive conflicting instructions. Other intervenors tell them, &#8220;I&#8217;ll talk to your psychologist,&#8221; or ask them to work on a specific topic, rather than letting them come to me autonomously.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute is a think-and-act-tank working to build a future of fair, valued and collective care. Subscribe to follow and support our work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>My mission is a public health mission, aimed at relieving suffering. The person works on what they want to work on. Often it&#8217;s around the violent act, but it can also be about relational and family issues outside, or about incarceration itself &#8212; living in nine square metres with a cellmate you didn&#8217;t choose to live with, yes, that can make you want to go mad.</p><p>We try to access the authentic in the encounter with detainees. And that&#8217;s very difficult when the person acts based on an external, institutional injunction. It&#8217;s only possible after we&#8217;ve explained to them at length that what they say will not leave our exchange.</p><p>It should also be noted that infiltration can go both ways: we, in the care world, can also, out of convenience, infiltrate the judicial. We can start wanting to know a lot of things about a patient, to have access to information that isn&#8217;t intended for us. Maintaining our stance requires real ethical rigour.</p><p><strong>What risks do you see in approaching care in prison settings by categorising people based on what they did?</strong></p><p>Categorisation traps people. Before even meeting someone, we&#8217;ve already formed a simplified idea of who they are.</p><p>Of course, it&#8217;s human nature. We need to categorise to understand, to reassure ourselves. But the risk lies in confusing penal and psychiatric categories &#8212; when within the &#8220;sexual offender&#8221; category, for example, there are many different psychological mechanisms. The same goes for domestic violence offenders or drug users.</p><p>The same act can reveal a very different cognitive structure: for one person, a reactivation of trauma; for another, psychopathy. It&#8217;s not the same approach to care.</p><p>Similarly, as the psychoanalyst Christophe Dejours shows, there are sexual crimes that are more about violence than sexuality, and violent crimes that are highly eroticised. That&#8217;s something the penal category might miss.</p><p>The risk, then, is having a &#8220;tell me what you did, and I&#8217;ll tell you who you are&#8221; approach. One day, I had an older man come in; and with the extension of the statute of limitations for sexual violence, we had many older men arriving in prison with convictions of that type. I admit that in my head, I thought he was definitely a sex offender.</p><p>And turns out, not at all, he had dealt drugs, even though he was over 80. I wasn&#8217;t the only one, by the way &#8212; everyone else also thought he was a sex offender. And that&#8217;s not well seen at all in prison: other detainees call them &#8220;pointeurs,&#8221; don&#8217;t tolerate them, mistreat them. The man had to ask prison staff to be allowed to carry his criminal record on him, to get others to stop bothering him and see him as the &#8216;grandaddy dealer&#8217; instead.</p><p>To avoid these pitfalls, with my colleagues, we propose therapeutic groups that consider psychological symptoms rather than penal categories &#8212; for example, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8456171/">alexithymia</a>, the inability to express one&#8217;s emotions.</p><p><strong>It&#8217;s interesting to see how these categories not only trap people but also permeate social relations within the prison itself.</strong></p><p>Yes, there&#8217;s a whole hierarchy. To caricature, at the top are robbers without blood on their hands, then dealers who don&#8217;t use drugs themselves, then traveler people, and so on. In some prisons, they almost have entire floors based on these categories; others are specifically designated for sex offenders.</p><p>So detainees don&#8217;t meet a person, they meet an act. That&#8217;s why I rarely ask my patients what they&#8217;ve done. Sometimes, it comes up after two or three interviews if the person wants to talk about it; but it&#8217;s not my mission. Many announce it immediately, very easily, because they&#8217;re used to being asked; in those cases, I often say, &#8220;We&#8217;ll talk about that later, I&#8217;d first like to know who you are.&#8221;</p><p>In prison, there are so few boundaries, the intimate systematically becomes <em>extimate</em>. My role is to help people put boundaries back in place. To make them understand that we can meet without necessarily being determined by the penal context.</p><p><strong>This &#8220;forced extimacy&#8221; ties in to the notion you address in the article of a prison system that &#8220;traps patients in heteronomy</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a><strong>, not giving them the possibility to access physical and psychological autonomy.&#8221;</strong></p><p><strong>The fact that you help these people &#8220;put boundaries back in place&#8221; may seem counterintuitive to some &#8212; it requires us to question our ingrained punitive reflex that would deny a detainee any right to claim autonomy, especially a sexual offender who themselves took away another&#8217;s autonomy. But it&#8217;s essential if we want to build a society no longer enslaved to violence.</strong></p><p><strong>What strategies do you implement with your patients to allow them to maintain a semblance of autonomy and intimacy in the prison space?</strong></p><p>To me, that&#8217;s partly what therapy is meant for. When patients have gone through a trial, they&#8217;ve been &#8220;narrated&#8221; by everyone else: their family, witnesses, sometimes even their kindergarten teacher came to talk about who they are. Therapy sessions are one of the rare places where they can &#8220;subjectify&#8221; themselves, tell their own story, make their own narrative without it being used for any purpose.</p><p>It is therefore vital to offer a secure framework. That&#8217;s why I reiterate the dimension of professional secrecy so much &#8212; something I wouldn&#8217;t necessarily do in other structures or workplaces. Autonomy is partly built through it.</p><div><hr></div><p><em>The notion of &#8220;good care&#8221; as that which allows a person to regain autonomy is central to the construction of better care systems.</em></p><p><em>As philosopher Christine Leroy explains in her <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/without-otherness-there-can-be-no">interview</a> with the Fifth Wave Institute:</em></p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Those who educate or provide care are often dominant when they should be supportive. (...) This dilemma lies at the heart of the difficulty of caregiving: does helping someone mean doing things for them, or enabling them to do things themselves? (...)</em></p><p><em>It&#8217;s not that the person isn&#8217;t autonomous; it&#8217;s that we deprive them of their desire for autonomy. Letting them try would require time and resources that are cruelly lacking. In this context, care &#8211; or what remains of it after hyper-rationalised costs and work schedules &#8211; often contributes more to the loss of autonomy than to its preservation.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p><em>For a concrete example of a system that contributes to such &#8216;reablement&#8217;, see this Danish <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/hsc.12815">study</a> on home care reforms</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a><em>.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Autonomy also comes from breaking free from external injunctions coming from the judicial system or the family. On the contrary, we ask detainees: &#8220;What about <em>you</em>? What are your anxieties, your desires?&#8221; Without positioning ourselves as experts, without telling them we know what&#8217;s good for them. They have resources, we help them find them. Discovering a capacity to reflect on themselves will also help them when they&#8217;re back outside.</p><p><strong>In the context of sexual violence in particular, it is often said that psychiatry is too mobilised in the judicial process, to the detriment of other explanatory frameworks for violent acts, like sociology. Do you agree?</strong></p><p>There is definitely a difficulty in considering the patriarchal context beyond the individual context. Judge &#201;douard Durand said about incest, &#8220;We have freed speech, but we haven&#8217;t yet freed listening.&#8221; It&#8217;s true for all of society, whether it be about incest or rape or domestic abuse: people are not yet ready to hear that violence is systemic. There&#8217;s still a lot of work to be done.</p><p>I&#8217;m currently training in systemic therapy &#8212; a discipline that takes into account the environment, the competence of families, the competence of individuals, and how to activate them, to achieve more comprehensive care.</p><p>Systemic theory speaks of <em>equifinality</em>: there can be multiple causes for the same result. This aligns with Edgar Morin&#8217;s complex thought theory, which invites us to resist the tendency to simplify, to categorise. Having a field of practice shouldn&#8217;t blind us or confine us to a very linear understanding.</p><p>And at the same time, we always start from the principle that people are responsible for their actions. Reflecting on the reasons why a person acted violently never aims to excuse the violence.</p><p><strong>You host workshops for Solidarit&#233; Femmes 21, a charity that supports victims of domestic violence. What&#8217;s the goal of these workshops?</strong></p><p>We mainly train VIF (intrafamilial violence) networks in Sa&#244;ne-et-Loire and C&#244;te-d&#8217;Or. The goal is that on the same territory, a set of professionals &#8212; caregivers, social workers, lawyers, police officers &#8212; can meet, exchange, reflect together, and coordinate care provision.</p><p>The workshops must imperatively be multi-institutional and multi-professional. Meeting each other allows for a better understanding of the limits of each other&#8217;s missions: in case of failed care, it helps avoid the pattern of always blaming others for not doing their job properly.</p><p>My colleague, who works with victims, and I with perpetrators, bring an important base of theoretical knowledge. This allows us to go beyond a very Manichaean conception of &#8220;good victims, mean perpetrators&#8221; as well as to constitute a common language within the network on one territory: what are we talking about when we talk about domestic violence? What are the different types, the different mechanisms?</p><p>Finally, understanding allows us to move from reaction to intervention. Domestic violence produces a high level of reactivity: we want the violence to stop as quickly as possible, partly because we ourselves, as professionals, can&#8217;t take it anymore.</p><p>For example, when some women return to their violent homes, care providers can get frustrated, because they don&#8217;t understand why. So in our sessions, we explain to them that these are not pointless back-and-forths that reset everything to zero but that at each stage, a little power has been gained, something has evolved, we can work on it.</p><p>Understanding allows us to work <em>with</em>, rather than against, the unique temporality of each person. Rushing them risks aggravating the situation. The workshops allow us to put the person back at the center, to make them the master of their life, and not to replay the violence they have experienced by ordering them what to do.</p><p><strong>Do the workshops also include femicide prevention?</strong></p><p>Yes, we work on assessing levels of danger. Beyond observed physical violence, coercive control and the context of separation are major risk factors. And one can be very controlling without being physically violent.</p><p>We also work on anticipating intervention: how to react if tomorrow, within my institution, I am confronted with a risk of femicide? For example, if I&#8217;m attached to the hospital, the lifting of professional secrecy is subject to rigid procedures, whereas other institutions approach it differently.</p><p><strong>To explain a detainee&#8217;s journey, we often point to unidentified violence and missed opportunities for psychological or psychiatric care. Is this something you&#8217;ve observed?</strong></p><p>Yes, our patients often grew up in contexts of violence and neglect. Childhood and its difficulties are very present. It&#8217;s often normalised: they say their childhood was &#8220;like everyone else&#8217;s&#8221;, but we quickly realise that wasn&#8217;t the case. And often, indeed, they themselves say that they might have turned out better if they had seen a psychologist earlier.</p><p>But we also have the wrong filter: we only see those whose paths have led them to prison. If we take domestic violence, for example, 70% of people who grow up in such a context do not reproduce it in adulthood. But I see those who, among the 30%, become perpetrators; and my colleague who works with victims sees those who reproduce the cycle in the other direction.</p><p>So we must not forget that beyond those for whom difficulties persist, there are those who are doing well.</p><p>Moreover, even if therapy occurs upstream, a certain mindset and living environment are also needed to truly work on oneself. Time must be freed up. Prison is obviously very heavy, but it also has a <em>&#8220;parexcitatory&#8221;</em> dimension: it isolates one from the external environment. Therapeutic introspection can therefore be made easier.</p><p>I work with a few people who&#8217;ve been released from prison, and it&#8217;s often complicated to maintain constructive exchanges; they are caught in other difficulties. So it&#8217;s a shortcut to say that if a person had been taken care of earlier, they wouldn&#8217;t have acted out violently &#8212; because even if they had benefited from therapy, they might not have been able to do it properly.</p><p>Finally, we also cannot place the responsibility for a violent act &#8212; or the lack thereof &#8212; on psychology alone. A psychiatrist colleague reminded me that some people can do intense work on themselves and reoffend, while others do none, but the sanction of prison will be enough to stop them reoffending. We must not see psychologists as a deus ex machina: when someone&#8217;s entire life context is violent, it&#8217;s never linear.</p><p><strong>Finally, a question I ask all my interviewees: who do you care for, and who cares for you?</strong></p><p>I take care of those we forget. Those we don&#8217;t see &#8212; they may be in the news all the time, but it&#8217;s not really them we look at, but rather what they did. Even within prison walls, I am very sensitive to the quiet ones, those we don&#8217;t hear. I&#8217;ve worked on the silence of emotions a lot, I&#8217;m particularly sensitive to it.</p><p>On the other hand, my team takes care of me. I couldn&#8217;t work without them. We operate in an environment with a lot of destruction, so it&#8217;s vital to have pockets of support. Supervision, in particular, plays an important role for me, to be able to put thought back into lived experiences.</p><p>Finally, in the context of care, we are very exposed to compassion fatigue and vicarious trauma. We must therefore implement practices that take care of us: reading light things, spending time with family, creating a soothing environment. It&#8217;s vital to have the space to do this.</p><div><hr></div><p><em>Thank you for reading this interview. If you know care workers, caregivers, policymakers, researchers or other actors invested in the construction of better care systems, don&#8217;t hesitate to share our work with them. And if you have suggestions of people you think we should interview, don&#8217;t hesitate to let us know :) </em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/if-we-dont-talk-about-prison-it-doesnt?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/if-we-dont-talk-about-prison-it-doesnt?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>The French lawyer, writer and former Minister of Justice who successfully lobbied for the abolition of the death penalty in France in 1981.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Favre, C. <em>Les soins psychiques en milieu carc&#233;ral: de l&#8217;importance d&#8217;une r&#233;flexion &#233;thique. </em>Soins, 2025: n&#176;898, pp. 60-63.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Foucault, M. L&#8217;extension sociale de la norme (entretien avec P. Werner). Politique Hebdo 1976 ; (212) : 14&#8211;6.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>State of a person who &#8220;receives their law from outside rather than drawing it from within&#8221; (French Larousse Dictionary, cited in C. Favre).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>B&#248;dker NM, Langstrup H, Christensen U. What constitutes &#8216;good care&#8217; and &#8216;good carers&#8217;? The normative implications of introducing reablement in Danish home care. <em>Health Soc Care Community</em>. 2019; 27: e871&#8211;e878. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12815">https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12815</a></p><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[“En prison, partout l’intime devient extime”]]></title><description><![CDATA[Entretien avec Claire Favre, psychologue clinicienne en milieu carc&#233;ral]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/en-prison-partout-lintime-devient</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/en-prison-partout-lintime-devient</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 05 Feb 2026 17:43:05 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!0KoK!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4aca2735-72e2-450a-85bc-45bb5ccc1351_6240x3996.jpeg 848w, 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">&#169;Matthew Ansley/Unsplash.</figcaption></figure></div><p><em>Claire Favre est psychologue clinicienne au sein de l&#8217;unit&#233; sanitaire du Centre P&#233;nitentiaire de Varennes le Grand, en Bourgogne, et chercheur associ&#233;e au <a href="https://psy-drepi.ube.fr/">laboratoire Psy-DREPI</a> de l&#8217;Universit&#233; Bourgogne Europe. Elle est &#233;galement formatrice en prise en charge des violences conjugales pour l&#8217;association de soutien aux victimes <a href="https://solidaritefemmes21.fr/">Solidarit&#233; Femmes 21</a>.</em></p><p><em>Dans un <a href="https://chaire-philo.fr/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/article-de-claire-favre-dans-la-revue-soins-n%C2%B0898.pdf">article</a> paru en septembre 2025 dans la revue Soins, en partenariat avec la <a href="https://chaire-philo.fr/">Chaire de Philosophie &#224; l&#8217;H&#244;pital</a>, elle s&#8217;interroge sur l&#8217;intrusion grandissante du judiciaire dans la relation de soin en milieu carc&#233;ral, et ses cons&#233;quences sur la dimension &#233;thique de sa pratique.</em></p><p><em>Cet entretien pour <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/">The Fifth Wave Institute</a> explore une question centrale, autant pour le syst&#232;me carc&#233;ral que pour bien d&#8217;autres institutions: que signifie &#8216;prendre soin&#8217; dans un contexte marqu&#233; par la violence?</em></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>Qu&#8217;est-ce qui vous a men&#233;e vers la psychologie en milieu carc&#233;ral?</strong></p><p>Un cours sur le totalitarisme, au coll&#232;ge; et notamment la lecture de &#8216;La mort est mon m&#233;tier&#8217; de Robert Merle. Le roman raconte l&#8217;histoire d&#8217;un officier allemand qui a pour mission de trouver la solution la plus rapide pour exterminer les juifs &#8211; la solution finale. Il se sent coinc&#233; face &#224; un choix impossible: c&#8217;est le cadre classique de la <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/les-influences-sociales--9782100801329-page-103?lang=fr">soumission &#224; l&#8217;autorit&#233;</a> de Milgram.</p><p>J&#8217;ai d&#233;couvert que des gens pouvaient faire des choses atroces sans pour autant &#234;tre eux-m&#234;mes n&#233;cessairement atroces. Qu&#8217;on pouvait dissocier une personne des actes qu&#8217;elle commet. Un peu plus tard, j&#8217;ai creus&#233; le sujet &#224; travers le proc&#232;s d&#8217;Eichmann et le travail d&#8217;Hannah Arendt. Je voulais comprendre pourquoi des gens agissent ainsi; la prison &#233;tait un horizon naturel.</p><p>Au d&#233;but de mes ann&#233;es en fac de psychologie, j&#8217;ai pu m&#8217;investir au sein du G&#233;n&#233;pi [<em>Groupement &#233;tudiant national d&#8217;enseignement aux personnes incarc&#233;r&#233;es, association <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/08/07/prisons-la-fin-de-l-association-genepi-recit-d-un-enfermement_6090799_3224.html">dissoute</a> en 2021, NDLR</em>], une association &#233;tudiante qui donnait des cours en prison, dont Robert Badinter a &#233;t&#233; un peu le p&#232;re. Son nom est celui d&#8217;une plante qui pousse l&#224; o&#249; personne ne va.</p><p>Sa mission centrale &#233;tait de donner acc&#232;s aux d&#233;tenus &#224; l&#8217;enseignement &#8211; il faut savoir que le niveau scolaire moyen en prison est le CM2. J&#8217;enseignais le fran&#231;ais et l&#8217;espagnol. Mais les d&#233;tenus d&#233;couvraient aussi que b&#233;n&#233;volement, des jeunes pouvaient s&#8217;int&#233;resser &#224; eux, avoir envie d&#8217;&#233;changer avec eux. La prison, si on n&#8217;en parle pas, &#231;a n&#8217;existe pas. Les gens ne r&#233;fl&#233;chissent pas forc&#233;ment &#224; ce qu&#8217;il y a derri&#232;re ses murs.</p><p>La deuxi&#232;me mission de l&#8217;association &#233;tait de sensibiliser le public aux conditions d&#8217;incarc&#233;ration &#8211; c&#8217;&#233;tait le c&#244;t&#233; un peu militant. J&#8217;ai d&#233;couvert plusieurs types de prisons gr&#226;ce au G&#233;n&#233;pi, et j&#8217;ai ensuite fait des stages en maison d&#8217;arr&#234;t (pour les personnes pr&#233;venues et les courtes peines) et en centre p&#233;nitentiaire (qui comporte une maison d&#8217;arr&#234;t et un centre de d&#233;tention pour les peines plus longues et les personnes jug&#233;es).</p><p><strong>La r&#233;alit&#233; de la prison &#233;tait-elle conforme &#224; vos attentes?</strong></p><p>On nous a beaucoup mis en garde sur le plan s&#233;curitaire: au G&#233;n&#233;pi, on nous disait r&#233;guli&#232;rement de faire attention aux d&#233;tenus, que &#231;a serait dangereux, surtout en tant que jeunes &#233;tudiants. On nous a mis la pression sur notre posture avec les d&#233;tenus.</p><p>Mais dans mon exp&#233;rience, le lieu est tellement s&#233;curis&#233; &#8211; en consultation, il y a une p&#233;dale d&#8217;urgence au sol ou une alarme coup de poing, des surveillants qui passent devant des portes vitr&#233;es &#8211; qu&#8217;on est finalement d&#233;gag&#233;s de la responsabilit&#233; de se s&#233;curiser nous-m&#234;mes. On peut &#234;tre vraiment disponible pour la personne.</p><p>Je me suis d&#8217;ailleurs trouv&#233;e beaucoup moins en ins&#233;curit&#233; &#224; travailler en prison que par exemple dans un CMP [<em>centre m&#233;dico-psychologique</em>], un vendredi soir, plus ou moins seule dans les locaux, &#224; devoir accueillir quelqu&#8217;un d&#8217;alcoolis&#233; ou de difficile. De la m&#234;me mani&#232;re, pour certains coll&#232;gues qui travaillent aux urgences, l&#8217;ins&#233;curit&#233; est bien plus pr&#233;sente qu&#8217;en prison.</p><p><strong>Vous vous &#234;tes ensuite orient&#233;e vers la recherche en compl&#233;ment de votre pratique. Pourquoi?</strong></p><p>En tant que jeune dipl&#244;m&#233;e, je n&#8217;arrivais pas &#224; trouver un sens &#224; certains passages &#224; l&#8217;acte particuliers. Les th&#233;ories expliquent qu&#8217;il n&#8217;y a pas <em>un </em>mais <em>des </em>passages &#224; l&#8217;acte &#8211; mais j&#8217;avais besoin de pousser la r&#233;flexion, de comprendre, en basculant dans la recherche.</p><p>Au cours de mes &#233;tudes, j&#8217;avais lu <a href="https://www.mollat.com/livres/471690/claude-balier-psychanalyse-des-comportements-violents">&#8216;le&#8217; livre</a> sur les passages &#224; l&#8217;acte, de <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/publications-de-claude-balier--10493?lang=fr">Claude Balier</a>, un des premiers psychanalystes &#224; faire rentrer le soin psychique et notamment l&#8217;orientation psychanalytique dans les prisons dans les ann&#233;es 80.</p><p>Je l&#8217;avais contact&#233; parce que je souhaitais qu&#8217;il me prenne en stage. Il &#233;tait &#224; la retraite, mais on a cr&#233;&#233; un lien, et il a &#233;t&#233; mon superviseur informel pendant longtemps. J&#8217;allais chez lui environ une fois tous les deux mois, on &#233;changeait autour des patients. C&#8217;est lui qui m&#8217;a pouss&#233;e &#224; faire ma th&#232;se sur les &#233;motions et les agirs violents. &#199;a a &#233;t&#233; une tr&#232;s belle rencontre.</p><p>Ensuite, je me suis mise &#224; enseigner en parall&#232;le, donc j&#8217;ai aujourd&#8217;hui une double casquette. &#199;a fait du bien de sortir un peu de la prison.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!XUsp!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F120af7f4-68e2-4783-8834-50e0aa3ce5ad_2048x1536.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Claire Favre.</figcaption></figure></div><p><strong>Dans votre <a href="https://chaire-philo.fr/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/article-de-claire-favre-dans-la-revue-soins-n%C2%B0898.pdf">article</a> &#8216;Les soins psychiques en milieu carc&#233;ral : de l&#8217;importance d&#8217;une r&#233;flexion &#233;thique&#8217;, vous examinez une certaine &#8216;infiltration&#8217; de l&#8217;institution judiciaire dans le parcours de soins<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>.</strong></p><p><strong>Vous citez notamment un entretien de Michel Foucault avec Pierre Werner, &#8220;o&#249; il &#233;voque la place centrale de la pratique m&#233;dicale dans les m&#233;canismes de r&#233;pression sociale : &#8220;Comme si punir un crime n&#8217;avait plus gu&#232;re de sens, on assimile le criminel &#224; un malade, et la condamnation veut passer pour une prescription th&#233;rapeutique.&#8221;&#8221;</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a></p><p><strong>Comment cette infiltration alt&#232;re-t-elle la </strong><em><strong>rencontre </strong></em><strong>entre soignant et patient, essentielle &#224; une vraie relation de soin?</strong></p><p>Pour prendre un exemple r&#233;cent, un monsieur m&#8217;a annonc&#233; au d&#233;but d&#8217;une s&#233;ance, &#8220;La juge d&#8217;instruction a dit que je n&#8217;irais pas au proc&#232;s tant que je n&#8217;aurai pas mis de sens sur mes passages &#224; l&#8217;acte&#8221;. Donc il ne vient pas en consultation pour comprendre en profondeur les causes de son mal-&#234;tre ou de ses actions. Il vient avec une commande, pour cocher une case.</p><p>Les d&#233;tenus ont du mal &#224; imaginer que nos s&#233;ances puissent &#234;tre uniquement faites <em>pour eux</em>, pour soulager leur souffrance &#224; eux, plut&#244;t qu&#8217;un instrument de plus de l&#8217;institution carc&#233;rale. C&#8217;est tr&#232;s difficile en tant que soignant de se d&#233;gager de &#231;a, une fois que la m&#233;canique est enclench&#233;e. Et d&#8217;un autre c&#244;t&#233;, on peut entendre qu&#8217;il veuille que son proc&#232;s ait lieu, qu&#8217;il veuille avancer dans son incarc&#233;ration.</p><p>Beaucoup de patients nous demandent aussi si on va faire un rapport pour le juge, parce qu&#8217;ils pensent que &#231;a peut leur &#234;tre b&#233;n&#233;fique. Mais &#231;a peut tout autant leur porter pr&#233;judice. Il y a confusion entre soin et expertise: on est perp&#233;tuellement oblig&#233;s de reposer le cadre.</p><p>On repr&#233;cise r&#233;guli&#232;rement en entretien qu&#8217;on n&#8217;a rien &#224; voir avec les experts psychiatres, qu&#8217;on ne fait pas de compte rendu, qu&#8217;on ne transmet pas d&#8217;informations, que le secret professionnel est pr&#233;serv&#233;. On rappelle qu&#8217;ici, on est sous la responsabilit&#233; du minist&#232;re de la sant&#233;, pas du minist&#232;re de la justice, ce qui est le cas du reste des locaux.</p><p>Et quelques mois plus tard, il faut le re-pr&#233;ciser, parce qu&#8217;entre-temps les gens re&#231;oivent des injonctions contradictoires. D&#8217;autres intervenants leur disent, &#8216;je vais parler &#224; votre psychologue&#8217;, ou leur demandent de travailler un sujet en particulier, plut&#244;t que de les laisser venir &#224; moi de mani&#232;re autonome.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute est un think tank d&#233;di&#233; &#224; la construction de meilleurs syst&#232;mes de soin. Abonnez-vous pour suivre et soutenir notre travail.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Ma mission est une mission de sant&#233; publique, qui a pour but de soulager la souffrance. La personne travaille ce qu&#8217;elle souhaite travailler. Souvent c&#8217;est autour du passage &#224; l&#8217;acte, mais &#231;a peut &#234;tre sur des enjeux relationnels et familiaux &#224; l&#8217;ext&#233;rieur, ou sur l&#8217;incarc&#233;ration elle-m&#234;me &#8211; vivre dans 9 m&#232;tres carr&#233;s avec un cod&#233;tenu avec lequel on n&#8217;a pas choisi de vivre, oui, &#231;a peut donner envie de devenir fou.</p><p>On essaie d&#8217;acc&#233;der &#224; l&#8217;authentique dans la rencontre avec les d&#233;tenus. Et &#231;a, c&#8217;est tr&#232;s difficile quand la personne agit en fonction d&#8217;une injonction externe, institutionnelle. C&#8217;est envisageable seulement apr&#232;s leur avoir longuement expliqu&#233; que ce qu&#8217;ils diront ne sortira pas de notre &#233;change.</p><p>Il faut enfin pr&#233;ciser que l&#8217;infiltration peut se faire dans les deux sens: le monde du soin peut aussi, par facilit&#233;, infiltrer le judiciaire. On peut se mettre &#224; vouloir savoir beaucoup de choses sur un patient, avoir acc&#232;s &#224; des informations qui ne nous sont pas destin&#233;es. Garder sa posture requiert une vraie rigueur &#233;thique.</p><p><strong>Quel risque comprend selon vous le fait d&#8217;appr&#233;hender le soin en milieu carc&#233;ral &#224; partir de cat&#233;gorisations selon l&#8217;acte?</strong></p><p>La cat&#233;gorisation enferme. Avant m&#234;me de rencontrer une personne, on s&#8217;en est d&#233;j&#224; fait une id&#233;e de mani&#232;re raccourcie.</p><p>&#201;videmment, c&#8217;est humain. On a besoin de cat&#233;goriser pour comprendre, pour adapter la prise en charge, pour se rassurer. Mais le risque, c&#8217;est de confondre cat&#233;gories p&#233;nales et psychiatriques &#8211; alors qu&#8217;&#224; l&#8217;int&#233;rieur de la cat&#233;gorie &#8220;auteurs de violences sexuelles&#8221;, il y a beaucoup de fonctionnements psychiques diff&#233;rents. Pareil au sein des cat&#233;gories &#8220;auteurs de violences conjugales&#8221;, ou &#8220;consommateur de drogues&#8221;.</p><p>Un m&#234;me passage &#224; l&#8217;acte peut r&#233;v&#233;ler un fonctionnement tr&#232;s diff&#233;rent: pour l&#8217;un une r&#233;activation de trauma, pour l&#8217;autre un fonctionnement psychopathique. Ce n&#8217;est pas la m&#234;me prise en charge.</p><p>De la m&#234;me fa&#231;on, comme le <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/des-psychanalystes-en-seance-glossaire-clinique-de-psychanalyse-contemporaine--9782070468584-page-365?lang=fr">montre</a> le psychanalyste Christophe Dejours, il y a des crimes sexuels qui parlent de la violence plus que de la sexualit&#233;, et des crimes violents qui sont tr&#232;s &#233;rotis&#233;s. &#199;a, la cat&#233;gorie p&#233;nale peut ne pas le voir.</p><p>Le risque, donc, c&#8217;est d&#8217;avoir une approche, &#8216;dis moi ce que tu as fait, je te dirai qui tu es.&#8217; Un jour, j&#8217;ai re&#231;u un monsieur assez &#226;g&#233;; avec l&#8217;allongement des d&#233;lais de prescription par rapport aux violences sexuelles, on avait beaucoup d&#8217;hommes &#226;g&#233;s qui arrivaient en prison en lien avec &#231;a. J&#8217;avoue que, dans ma t&#234;te, je me suis dit qu&#8217;il &#233;tait s&#251;rement auteur.</p><p>Et en fait, absolument pas, il avait deal&#233; de la drogue, &#224; plus de 80 ans. Je n&#8217;&#233;tais pas la seule &#8211; tout le monde a cru qu&#8217;il &#233;tait auteur de violences sexuelles. Et ce n&#8217;est pas du tout bien vu en prison: les autres d&#233;tenus les appellent les &#8216;pointeurs&#8217;, ne les supportent pas, les maltraitent. Le monsieur avait d&#251; demander &#224; porter sa fiche p&#233;nale sur lui pour pouvoir la montrer, pour qu&#8217;ils arr&#234;tent de l&#8217;emb&#234;ter, pour &#234;tre consid&#233;r&#233; plut&#244;t comme &#8216;papy dealer&#8217;.</p><p>Pour &#233;viter ces travers, avec mes coll&#232;gues, nous proposons des groupes th&#233;rapeutiques qui tiennent compte de fonctionnements psychiques, de sympt&#244;mes plut&#244;t de de cat&#233;gories p&#233;nales &#8211; par exemple <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-psychotropes-2006-3-page-193?lang=fr">l&#8217;alexithymie</a>, l&#8217;incapacit&#233; &#224; exprimer ses &#233;motions.</p><p><strong>C&#8217;est int&#233;ressant de voir &#224; quel point ces cat&#233;gories non seulement enferment les gens, mais impr&#232;gnent la sociabilit&#233; au sein m&#234;me de la prison.</strong></p><p>Oui, il y a toute une hi&#233;rarchie. En caricaturant un peu, tout en haut se trouvent les braqueurs sans sang sur les mains, puis les dealeurs non consommateurs, ensuite toute la cat&#233;gorie des gens du voyage, et cetera. Dans certaines prisons, ils font presque des &#233;tages complets en fonction de ces cat&#233;gories; d&#8217;autres sont fl&#233;ch&#233;es sp&#233;cifiquement &#8216;auteurs de violences sexuelles&#8217;.</p><p>Donc les d&#233;tenus ne rencontrent pas une personne, ils rencontrent un acte. C&#8217;est pour &#231;a que je demande rarement &#224; mes patients ce qu&#8217;ils ont fait. Parfois, &#231;a arrive sur la table au bout de deux ou trois entretiens, si la personne a envie d&#8217;en parler; mais ce n&#8217;est pas ma mission. Beaucoup l&#8217;annoncent d&#8217;embl&#233;e, tr&#232;s facilement, parce qu&#8217;ils ont l&#8217;habitude qu&#8217;on leur demande; dans ces cas-l&#224;, je dis souvent, &#8216;&#231;a, on en parlera plus tard, je voudrais d&#8217;abord savoir qui vous &#234;tes.&#8217;</p><p>En prison, il y a tellement peu de fronti&#232;res, partout l&#8217;intime devient extime. Mon r&#244;le est de les aider &#224; remettre des fronti&#232;res. De leur faire comprendre qu&#8217;on peut se rencontrer sans forc&#233;ment se suspendre au cadre p&#233;nal.</p><p><strong>Cette &#8216;extimit&#233;&#8217; forc&#233;e renvoie &#224; la notion, que vous abordez dans l&#8217;article, d&#8217;un syst&#232;me carc&#233;ral qui &#8220;englue parfois les patients dans un fonctionnement h&#233;t&#233;ronome</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a><strong>, ne leur donnant pas la possibilit&#233; d&#8217;acc&#233;der &#224; l&#8217;autonomie physique et psychique&#8221;.</strong></p><p><strong>Le fait que vous aidiez ces personnes &#224; &#8216;remettre des fronti&#232;res&#8217; peut para&#238;tre contre-intuitif &#224; certains &#8211; &#231;a requiert de questionner son r&#233;flexe punitif ancr&#233; qui voudrait enlever &#224; un d&#233;tenu tout droit &#224; pr&#233;tendre &#224; l&#8217;autonomie, surtout si c&#8217;est un auteur de violences sexuelles, par exemple, qui a lui-m&#234;me &#244;t&#233; son autonomie &#224; une autre personne</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a><strong>. Mais c&#8217;est indispensable si l&#8217;on veut construire une soci&#233;t&#233; qui ne serait plus esclave de la violence.</strong></p><p><strong>Quelles strat&#233;gies mettez-vous en place avec vos patients pour leur permettre de maintenir un semblant d&#8217;autonomie et d&#8217;intimit&#233; dans l&#8217;espace carc&#233;ral?</strong></p><p>Le suivi th&#233;rapeutique a pour moi cette fonction-l&#224;. Quand les patients sont pass&#233;s par un proc&#232;s, ils ont &#233;t&#233; &#8216;racont&#233;s&#8217; par tout le monde: leur famille, les t&#233;moins, parfois jusqu&#8217;&#224; l&#8217;instituteur de maternelle sont venus parler de qui ils sont. L&#8217;entretien psychologique est un des rares endroits o&#249; ils peuvent se subjectiver, se raconter eux-m&#234;mes, faire leur propre r&#233;cit sans que &#231;a soit utilis&#233; &#224; une fin quelconque.</p><p>Il est donc vital de proposer un cadre s&#233;curisant. C&#8217;est pour &#231;a que je r&#233;it&#232;re autant la dimension du secret professionnel &#8211; ce que je ne ferais pas forc&#233;ment dans d&#8217;autres structures ou lieux de travail. L&#8217;autonomie se construit en partie par l&#224;.</p><div><hr></div><p><em>La notion d&#8217;un &#8216;bon soin&#8217; (good care) comme &#233;tant celui qui permet &#224; une personne de recouvrer l&#8217;autonomie est centrale dans la construction de meilleurs syst&#232;mes de soin.</em></p><p><em>Comme l&#8217;explique la philosophe Christine Leroy dans son <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/sans-alterite-il-ne-peut-pas-y-avoir">entretien</a> au Fifth Wave Institute:</em></p><blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Les personnes qui &#233;duquent ou sont pourvoyeuses de soin sont parfois trop au-dessus alors qu&#8217;il faudrait &#234;tre en soutien. [...] Aider la personne, est-ce faire les choses &#224; sa place, ou faire en sorte qu&#8217;elle fasse les choses elle-m&#234;me?</em></p><p><em>[...] Ce n&#8217;est pas que la personne n&#8217;est pas autonome : c&#8217;est qu&#8217;on la prive de son d&#233;sir d&#8217;autonomie. La laisser essayer n&#233;cessiterait du temps et des ressources dont on manque cruellement. Le soin, ou plut&#244;t ce qu&#8217;il en reste dans un contexte d&#8217;hyper-rationalisation des co&#251;ts et des temps du travail, contribue donc malheureusement souvent plus &#224; la perte d&#8217;autonomie qu&#8217;&#224; son maintien.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote><p><em>Pour un exemple concret d&#8217;un syst&#232;me qui contribue &#224; la &#8220;r&#233;autonomisation&#8221; (</em>reablement<em>), voir cette <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/hsc.12815">&#233;tude</a> danoise sur l&#8217;&#233;volution du soin &#224; domicile</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a><em>.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>L&#8217;autonomie vient aussi du fait de se d&#233;gager des injonctions ext&#233;rieures n&#233;es de la rencontre avec le judiciaire, ou de la famille qui demande &#224; ce que la personne travaille sur les faits. Nous, on leur demande: &#8216;Et vous? O&#249; se situent vos angoisses, vos envies?&#8217;. Sans se positionner en experts, sans leur dire qu&#8217;on sait ce qui est bon pour eux. Ils ont des ressources, il faut les aider &#224; les trouver. Se d&#233;couvrir une capacit&#233; &#224; r&#233;fl&#233;chir sur eux-m&#234;mes, &#231;a les aidera aussi &#224; l&#8217;ext&#233;rieur.</p><p><strong>Dans le contexte des violences sexuelles en particulier, la psychiatrie est-elle trop mobilis&#233;e dans le processus judiciaire, au d&#233;triment d&#8217;autres cadres explicatifs de l&#8217;agir violent?</strong></p><p>Il subsiste en effet une difficult&#233; &#224; consid&#233;rer le contexte patriarcal au-del&#224; du contexte individuel<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>. Le juge <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2021/09/03/edouard-durand-la-parole-des-victimes-sera-la-base-de-nos-travaux_6093274_3224.html">&#201;douard Durand</a> a dit sur l&#8217;inceste, &#8216;On a lib&#233;r&#233; la parole, mais on n&#8217;a pas encore lib&#233;r&#233; l&#8217;&#233;coute&#8217;. C&#8217;est vrai de toute la soci&#233;t&#233;, sur l&#8217;inceste comme sur les violences conjugales: les gens ne sont pas encore pr&#234;ts &#224; entendre que la violence fait syst&#232;me. Il y a encore beaucoup de travail &#224; faire.</p><p>Je me forme en syst&#233;mique actuellement &#8211; discipline qui prend en charge l&#8217;environnement, la comp&#233;tence des familles, la comp&#233;tence des personnes, et comment les activer, pour parvenir &#224; une prise en charge plus compl&#232;te.</p><p>La syst&#233;mique parle d&#8217;&#233;quifinalit&#233;: il peut y avoir plusieurs causes pour un m&#234;me r&#233;sultat. Cela rejoint la <a href="https://www.editionspoints.com/ouvrage/introduction-a-la-pensee-complexe-edgar-morin/9782757842003">pens&#233;e complexe</a> d&#8217;Edgar Morin, qui invite &#224; r&#233;sister &#224; la tendance &#224; simplifier, &#224; cat&#233;goriser. Avoir un champ de pratique ne doit pas nous mettre des &#339;ill&#232;res et nous confiner &#224; une compr&#233;hension tr&#232;s lin&#233;aire.</p><p>Et &#224; la fois, on part toujours du principe que les gens sont responsables de leurs actes. R&#233;fl&#233;chir aux raisons pour lesquelles une personne est pass&#233;e &#224; l&#8217;acte n&#8217;a jamais pour but d&#8217;excuser la violence.</p><p><strong>Vous &#234;tes &#233;galement formatrice pour Solidarit&#233; Femmes 21, une association qui soutient les femmes victimes de violences. Que permettent ces formations?</strong></p><p>On forme principalement des r&#233;seaux VIF (violences intrafamiliales) en Sa&#244;ne-et-Loire et en C&#244;te d&#8217;Or. Le but est que sur un m&#234;me territoire, un ensemble de professionnels &#8211; soignants, travailleurs sociaux, avocates, gendarmes, policiers &#8211; puissent se rencontrer, &#233;changer, r&#233;fl&#233;chir ensemble, et se coordonner dans le cadre de la prise en charge.</p><p>Ces formations doivent imp&#233;rativement &#234;tre pluri-institutionnelles et pluri-professionnelles. La rencontre permet une meilleure compr&#233;hension des limites des missions de chacun: en cas de prise en charge d&#233;faillante, &#231;a &#233;vite de toujours rejeter la faute sur les autres qui auraient mal fait leur travail.</p><p>Ma coll&#232;gue, qui travaille avec les victimes, et moi avec les auteurs amenons une base importante de connaissances th&#233;oriques. &#199;a permet d&#8217;aller au-del&#224; d&#8217;une conception tr&#232;s manich&#233;enne &#8216;bonnes victimes, m&#233;chants auteurs&#8217;, et de constituer un langage commun au sein du r&#233;seau d&#8217;un m&#234;me territoire: de quoi parle-t-on quand on parle de violences conjugales? Quels en sont les diff&#233;rents types, les diff&#233;rents fonctionnements?</p><p>Enfin, comprendre permet de passer de la r&#233;action &#224; l&#8217;intervention. Les violences conjugales produisent un haut niveau r&#233;actionnel: on veut que la violence s&#8217;arr&#234;te le plus vite possible, en partie parce que nous-m&#234;mes, en tant que professionnels, n&#8217;en pouvons plus.</p><p>Des m&#233;canismes comme le retour des femmes victimes dans leurs foyers violents, par exemple, peuvent &#234;tre frustrants si on ne les comprend pas. Les intervenants nous disent, &#8216;on sature&#8217;. Donc en formation, on leur explique que ce ne sont pas des allers-retours qui remettent tout &#224; z&#233;ro mais des &#8216;<a href="https://maisonad.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Les-sortes-de-ruptures.pdf">ruptures &#233;volutives</a>&#8217; &#8211; &#224; chaque &#233;tape, un peu de pouvoir a &#233;t&#233; gagn&#233;, quelque chose a &#233;volu&#233;, on peut travailler dessus.</p><p>Comprendre permet de travailler <em>avec</em>, plut&#244;t que contre la temporalit&#233; unique de chaque personne. La brusquer risque d&#8217;aggraver la situation. Les formations permettent de remettre la personne au centre, qu&#8217;elle soit ma&#238;tre de sa vie, et de ne pas rejouer la violence qu&#8217;elle a connue en lui disant ce qu&#8217;elle doit faire.</p><p><strong>Y a-t-il une dimension de pr&#233;vention des f&#233;minicides?</strong></p><p>Oui, on sensibilise &#224; l&#8217;&#233;valuation de la dangerosit&#233;. Au-del&#224; de la violence physique observ&#233;e, le contr&#244;le coercitif et le contexte de s&#233;paration sont de gros facteurs de risque. Et on peut &#234;tre tr&#232;s contr&#244;lant sans &#234;tre violent physiquement.</p><p>On travaille aussi l&#8217;anticipation de l&#8217;intervention: comment r&#233;agir si demain, au sein de mon institution, je suis confront&#233;.e &#224; un risque f&#233;minicidaire? Par exemple, si je d&#233;pends de l&#8217;h&#244;pital, la lev&#233;e du secret professionnel est tr&#232;s encadr&#233;e, alors que d&#8217;autres institutions l&#8217;abordent diff&#233;remment.</p><p><strong>Pour expliquer le parcours d&#8217;un d&#233;tenu, on pointe souvent des violences non identifi&#233;es, des occasions manqu&#233;es de prise en charge psychologique ou psychiatrique. Est-ce que c&#8217;est quelque chose que vous observez en entretien?</strong></p><p>Oui, nos patients ont souvent grandi dans un contexte de violences, de n&#233;gligences. L&#8217;enfance et ses difficult&#233;s sont tr&#232;s pr&#233;sentes. &#199;a peut &#234;tre banalis&#233;: ils disent avoir eu une enfance &#8216;comme tout le monde&#8217;, mais en les &#233;coutant la raconter, on se rend bien compte que ce n&#8217;&#233;tait pas le cas. Et souvent, en effet, ils disent eux-m&#234;mes qu&#8217;ils s&#8217;en seraient peut-&#234;tre mieux sortis s&#8217;ils avaient pu voir un psy plus t&#244;t.</p><p>Mais on a aussi le mauvais filtre: on ne voit que ceux dont les parcours les ont men&#233;s en prison. Si on prend par exemple les violences conjugales, 70% des personnes qui grandissent dans un tel contexte <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-francaise-des-affaires-sociales-2003-3-page-157?lang=fr">ne le reproduisent pas</a> &#224; l&#8217;&#226;ge adulte. Mais moi, je re&#231;ois ceux qui, dans ces 30%, deviennent auteurs; et ma coll&#232;gue qui travaille avec les victimes re&#231;oit celles qui reproduisent le cycle dans l&#8217;autre sens.</p><p>Donc il ne faut pas oublier qu&#8217;outre ceux pour qui les difficult&#233;s perdurent, il y a ceux qui vont bien.</p><p>De plus, m&#234;me si un suivi a lieu en amont, il faut aussi un certain &#233;tat d&#8217;esprit et un certain environnement de vie pour parvenir &#224; faire un vrai travail sur soi-m&#234;me. Il faut d&#233;gager du temps. La prison est &#233;videmment tr&#232;s lourde, mais elle a aussi un c&#244;t&#233; &#8216;parexcitateur&#8217;: elle isole de l&#8217;environnement ext&#233;rieur. Le travail th&#233;rapeutique, qui est plut&#244;t centr&#233; en vase clos sur soi-m&#234;me, peut se faire &#224; ce moment-l&#224;.</p><p>Je suis certaines personnes &#224; l&#8217;ext&#233;rieur qui sortent de prison, et c&#8217;est souvent compliqu&#233; de maintenir des &#233;changes constructifs; elles sont prises dans d&#8217;autres difficult&#233;s. Donc c&#8217;est un raccourci que de dire que si une personne avait &#233;t&#233; prise en charge plus t&#244;t, elle ne serait pas pass&#233;e &#224; l&#8217;acte &#8211; parce que m&#234;me si elle avait b&#233;n&#233;fici&#233; d&#8217;un suivi, elle n&#8217;aurait pas forc&#233;ment pu s&#8217;en saisir.</p><p>Enfin, on ne peut pas non plus mettre sur un suivi la responsabilit&#233; d&#8217;un passage &#224; l&#8217;acte, ou de son &#233;vitement. Un coll&#232;gue psychiatre rappelait que certaines personnes peuvent faire un grand travail sur eux et r&#233;cidiver, et d&#8217;autres n&#8217;en faire aucun mais pour qui la sanction de la prison suffira. Il ne faut pas voir les psys comme <em>la</em> solution &#224; la non-r&#233;cidive. Quand c&#8217;est tout un contexte de vie qui est violent, ce n&#8217;est jamais lin&#233;aire.</p><p><strong>Quelles solutions peut-on mettre en place pour pallier l&#8217;irruption du judiciaire dans le soin?</strong></p><p>Certains ont avanc&#233; la notion de <a href="https://sante.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/livret-4pages_partage_commissions_pa-2.pdf">secret partag&#233;</a>. Mais elle n&#8217;a aucun sous-bassement l&#233;gal et risque d&#8217;encourager &#224; tout mettre en commun, ce qui est probl&#233;matique. Je pr&#233;f&#232;re la notion, propos&#233;e par <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/publications-de-andre-ciavaldini--3486?lang=fr">Andr&#233; Ciavaldini</a>, de &#8216;<a href="https://www.yapaka.be/sites/yapaka.be/files/publication/61-delinquant-sexuels-ciavaldini-web-2.pdf">confiance partag&#233;e</a>&#8217;. L&#8217;id&#233;e n&#8217;est pas de partager des informations, m&#234;me dans l&#8217;int&#233;r&#234;t de la personne &#8211; il est plut&#244;t n&#233;cessaire de mettre des barri&#232;res &#8211; mais que chacun soit dans sa mission, et qu&#8217;on se fasse confiance sans se pointer du doigt.</p><p>Souvent, on a peur d&#8217;aller vers l&#8217;autre parce qu&#8217;on a peur de tout m&#233;langer; mais se rencontrer ne veut pas dire partager. On a un m&#233;tacadre avec lequel on travaille &#8211; la loi, notre cadre commun &#224; tous, en tant que professionnels mais aussi en tant que citoyens. Et au sein de ce cadre, on a nos missions particuli&#232;res.</p><p>&#199;a rejoint ce que je disais par rapport aux formations VIF: plus on se conna&#238;t, moins on va pointer l&#8217;autre du doigt et penser que c&#8217;est de sa faute.</p><p><strong>Enfin, une question que je pose &#224; la fin de tous mes entretiens: de qui prenez-vous soin, et qui prend soin de vous?</strong></p><p>Je prends soin des oubli&#233;s. Des invisibilis&#233;s &#8211; ils peuvent certes &#234;tre tr&#232;s m&#233;diatis&#233;s, mais ce n&#8217;est pas vraiment eux qu&#8217;on regarde, ce sont plut&#244;t leurs actes. M&#234;me au c&#339;ur du monde de la prison, je suis tr&#232;s sensible aux non-bruyants, &#224; ceux que l&#8217;on n&#8217;entend pas. J&#8217;ai d&#8217;ailleurs travaill&#233; sur le silence des &#233;motions, j&#8217;ai cette sensibilit&#233; particuli&#232;re.</p><p>D&#8217;autre part, mon &#233;quipe prend soin de moi. Je ne pourrais pas travailler sans eux. On &#233;volue dans un environnement avec beaucoup de <em>d&#233;truit</em>, donc c&#8217;est vital d&#8217;avoir des poches de soutien. La supervision a notamment un r&#244;le important pour moi, pour pouvoir remettre de la pens&#233;e dans le v&#233;cu.</p><p>Enfin, dans le contexte du soin, on est tr&#232;s expos&#233;s &#224; la <a href="https://www.chudequebec.ca/a-propos-de-nous/publications/revues-en-ligne/le-chuchoteur/archives/archives-la-vie-au-chu/2021/savez-vous-ce-qu%E2%80%99est-la-fatigue-de-compassion.aspx#:~:text=Il%20fait%20r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence%20%C3%A0%20%C2%AB%20un,%C3%A0%20%C3%A9prouver%20de%20la%20compassion.">fatigue de compassion</a> et au <a href="https://cn2r.fr/je-suis-chercheur/dossiers-scientifiques/traumatisme-vicariant/#:~:text=Qu'est%20ce%20que%20le,ayant%20directement%20v%C3%A9cu%20les%20%C3%A9v%C3%A9nements.">trauma vicariant</a>. On doit donc mettre en place des pratiques qui prennent soin de nous: lire des choses l&#233;g&#232;res, passer du temps en famille, se constituer un environnement apaisant. C&#8217;est vital d&#8217;avoir l&#8217;espace de faire &#231;a.</p><div><hr></div><p><em>Pour recevoir directement nos emails en fran&#231;ais, vous pouvez vous d&#233;sabonner de la newsletter anglaise et vous abonner &#224; la version fran&#231;aise en cliquant sur l&#8217;ic&#244;ne de votre compte (en haut &#224; droite de votre &#233;cran), puis sur &#171; G&#233;rer mon abonnement &#187;.</em></p><p><em>Et si vous connaissez des soignants, chercheuses, journalistes, &#233;lus locaux, ou autres acteur.ices qui travaillent &#224; faire advenir la soci&#233;t&#233; du &#8216;care&#8217;, n&#8217;h&#233;sitez pas &#224; leur partager cet entretien.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/en-prison-partout-lintime-devient?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/en-prison-partout-lintime-devient?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p>Erratum: une premi&#232;re version de l&#8217;article, depuis rectifi&#233;e, pr&#233;sentait Robert Merle comme un historien alors qu&#8217;il &#233;tait &#233;crivain.</p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Favre, C. <em>Les soins psychiques en milieu carc&#233;ral: de l&#8217;importance d&#8217;une r&#233;flexion &#233;thique. </em>Soins, 2025: n&#176;898, pp. 60-63.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Foucault, M. L&#8217;extension sociale de la norme (entretien avec P. Werner). Politique Hebdo 1976 ; (212) : 14&#8211;6.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Fonctionnement d&#8217;une personne &#8220;qui re&#231;oit sa loi du dehors au lieu de la tirer de soi-m&#234;me&#8221;. Dictionnaire de fran&#231;ais Larousse en ligne, cit&#233; dans C. Favre.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Sur le d&#233;samor&#231;age du r&#233;flexe punitif, voir Geoffroy de Lagasnerie, Par-del&#224; le principe de r&#233;pression: Dix le&#231;ons sur l&#8217;abolitionnisme p&#233;nal. 2025, Flammarion (Nouvel Avenir).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>B&#248;dker NM, Langstrup H, Christensen U. What constitutes &#8216;good care&#8217; and &#8216;good carers&#8217;? The normative implications of introducing reablement in Danish home care. <em>Health Soc Care Community</em>. 2019; 27: e871&#8211;e878. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12815">https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12815</a></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Pour une exploration des contributions de la pens&#233;e f&#233;ministe &#224; la prise en charge judiciaire des violences intrafamiliales, voir le <a href="https://www.justice.gouv.fr/documentation/ressources/rapport-vif">rapport &#8220;&#192; VIF&#8221;</a> remis au Garde des Sceaux en 2025.</p><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Building care that works for more people]]></title><description><![CDATA[January 2026 newsletter]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/building-care-that-works-for-more</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/building-care-that-works-for-more</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 28 Jan 2026 19:13:57 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Lire cette lettre en fran&#231;ais:</em></p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;197fe879-4fba-466a-b393-d04b67044a69&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Construire le soin de demain &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-28T18:50:08.707Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/construire-le-soin-de-demain&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:186088369,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg" width="1456" height="960" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>Evening Sun</em>, Rudolf Jurriaan Stephanus Haak, 1892. Rijskmuseum collection.</figcaption></figure></div><div><hr></div><p><em>&#8220;There is nothing new under the sun, but there are new suns.&#8221;</em> </p><p>This quote by <a href="http://octaviabutlerlegacy.com/">Octavia Butler</a> has infused my work since the start of this project, a little over five months ago. It captures a dual reality behind the creation of The Fifth Wave Institute.</p><p>First, the current organisation of care in our societies is a broken one. It&#8217;s disproportionately shouldered by certain groups of people. It fails to provide the adequate care all of us need to thrive. It denies that vulnerability and interdependence are essential dimensions of our shared human condition, treating them as odd glitches. It prioritises clinical and short-term economic outcomes over a holistic understanding of well-being. It siloes care into separated segments of our lives, rather than grounding it at the heart of community, work, and family life. It is ill-equipped to deal with the consequences of substantial ongoing demographic changes.</p><p>Second, this isn&#8217;t a fatality. There are new suns. Better systems exist and are being built across the world. Others are being imagined by researchers, activists, organisers, and can be made a reality. Better ideas about care exist, new ones are continuously emerging, and they can be made to reach many more minds than they currently are.</p><p>This dual reality is our &#8216;why&#8217;. The Institute exists because the way we structure and understand care is inadequate, and we need to envision bold and interconnected solutions to fix it.</p><p>As the first month of this new year comes to a close, and in the spirit of building in public, I wanted to make our &#8216;how&#8217; a bit more explicit. To clearly lay out the different areas of our work, and give you an idea of what&#8217;s to come. As I set out to do so, I was reminded &#8211; by the lovely <span class="mention-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Rachel Piper&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:7612082,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://bucketeer-e05bbc84-baa3-437e-9518-adb32be77984.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/343ede41-f492-473b-95e8-e8a592d8c01a_4032x3024.jpeg&quot;,&quot;uuid&quot;:&quot;45849270-1ccb-4f75-83ea-790e28c83b10&quot;}" data-component-name="MentionToDOM"></span> &#8211; of another quote, this time by a thoughtful scholar of Butler, <span class="mention-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;adrienne maree brown&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:2682730,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a54cd71c-9a3e-4f86-b794-d4c775f57510_4032x3024.jpeg&quot;,&quot;uuid&quot;:&quot;38c4a998-203e-465e-bb2e-008a528da7bc&quot;}" data-component-name="MentionToDOM"></span>: </p><p>&#8220;<em>We need to move from competitive ideation, trying to push our individual ideas, to collective ideation, collaborative ideation. It isn&#8217;t about having the number one best idea, but having ideas that come from, and work for, more people</em>.&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a></p><p>The association felt fitting. Black feminists have already said much of what we need to change the world. So that&#8217;s our &#8216;how&#8217;: we&#8217;re a think-and-act tank, grounded in the insights of care ethics and feminist care studies<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>, working to a) apply those insights to transform our understanding of care and b) scale them into replicable policy solutions. In other words, we aim to take the products of collective ideation, and use them to build care systems that work for more people.</p><p>This work is organised as follows:</p><h3><strong>THINK</strong></h3><h4><strong>Publications</strong></h4><p><em>Blueprints</em></p><p>We analyse local and national alternatives to current care systems, in order to learn from, adapt, and replicate them. Blueprints are incredibly useful for three reasons. </p><p>One, the necessity of care and the essence of what constitutes good care transcend borders: care systems need to be tailored to their specific cultural, social, political and economic context, but the broad principles that make them successful and the lessons extracted from their challenges can inform systems-building across the world.</p><p>Two, when it comes to social innovation, the &#8220;local initiative &#8212;&gt; replication &#8212;&gt; integration into the national infrastructure&#8221; pipeline is a tried and tested way to drive society-wide change. We believe in starting small, and scaling what works. </p><p>Three, &#8216;care systems&#8217; is a huge umbrella: it includes spaces like schools, hospitals, birthing homes, domestic violence shelters, families, nursing homes, foster centers, community health centers or even public housing, as well as the institutions, laws, and economic forces that determine how those are organised. We don&#8217;t claim we&#8217;ll know how to transform them all &#8212; and much specialised knowledge already exists. Rather, our value lies in taking a <em>connected</em> look at how care flows within and across these systems, in order to inform better, integrated solutions. </p><p>Blueprints we&#8217;ve published include:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;713a7f45-c1c1-46cd-a5d7-961ee0b79398&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire cet article en fran&#231;ais:&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;The community model transforming social protection in Cambodia&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:205980423,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Bethany Hansel&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Bethany Hansel is a writer currently living in Siem Reap, Cambodia. &quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1dac68f7-229e-4afc-ba52-f1a5a09f9309_500x500.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:true,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-08T13:42:34.075Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/the-community-model-transforming&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Blueprints&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:182944707,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:13,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;d4ea1808-90c4-4da5-93eb-531642119be4&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire cet article en fran&#231;ais:&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Latin America&#8217;s care revolution &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-03T23:15:40.942Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rnOq!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbca0ca01-f8a3-4818-9da1-bb3b8e68bddb_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/latin-americas-care-revolution&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Blueprints&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:180653770,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:20,&quot;comment_count&quot;:7,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>Upcoming ones include:</p><ul><li><p>An analysis of New Zealand's early childhood curriculum, Te Wh&#257;riki, a compelling example of a pedagogical model rooted in care ethics</p></li><li><p>Our first field research project, focused on France&#8217;s network of public &#8216;Maternal and Child Protection&#8217; centres.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a></p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png" width="66" height="66" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:66,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/185816098?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff627fc18-ad15-4d8c-be47-c8b0e948aeef_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Interviews </em></p><p>We publish interviews with people building the futures of care, whether through their practice or their thinking. People who try their hardest to make up for the harshness of our systems with creativity and passion.</p><p>And because the best insights on care come from <em>caring</em>, I ask all my interviewees: &#8220;Who do you care for, and who cares for you?&#8221; </p><p>Interviews we&#8217;ve published include:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;6c346986-8770-444e-baaf-f32addc02335&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Transforming perinatal care for migrant women&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-10-22T17:39:29.887Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!FIbH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4da9b3c6-9001-495c-94f7-1f18218dd47d_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/transforming-perinatal-care-for-migrant&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Ideas&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:176848106,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:11,&quot;comment_count&quot;:8,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;dad995b5-bbbc-4c8e-b81e-9741caefd1f6&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;How Nepal made mothers the backbone of its health system &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-11-19T22:31:53.491Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c3b970c5-8a8e-42c5-a261-d7fee53e9fe6_2048x1537.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/how-nepal-made-mothers-the-backbone&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Blueprints&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:178707174,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:18,&quot;comment_count&quot;:2,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>Upcoming ones include:</p><ul><li><p>A conversation with Claire Favre, a clinical psychologist working in French prisons, about what it means to care in environments defined by violence.</p></li><li><p>A conversation with Sarah Kaddoura, a Palestinian feminist organiser and writer, about migrant domestic labour, global chains of care, and what feminist solidarity across the Global South can teach us about interdependence.   </p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png" width="66" height="66" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:66,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/185816098?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75a8529c-9d25-44c2-bf40-0a4b6e34165c_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Essays</em></p><p>We publish writing which helps us understand what our relationship to care is lacking, why it matters, and envisions another way forward. We aim to elevate the importance of caregiving in all its forms, as essential public infrastructure, as a structuring principle of social life, and as a central concern of political decision-making.</p><p>Essays we&#8217;ve published include: </p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;2602cda7-0e8b-4463-88f4-d2f93d764521&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Overcoming the institutional paradox of care&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-09-03T18:23:54.856Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_sv2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbf3ad1eb-5d8c-4f2d-a502-bcd37b5a4c23_1600x1066.png&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/overcoming-the-institutional-paradox&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Ideas&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:172699395,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:19,&quot;comment_count&quot;:2,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;62af4f27-54fd-411f-accc-b8e5152de9e5&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Lire ce texte en fran&#231;ais:&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Why I left midwifery&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null},{&quot;id&quot;:189536251,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Rebecca Mack &#9749;&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Midlife British woman, writer, wife and mother of two daughters. Women centred writing. Always writing for better. &quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5Qz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bf018a3-f853-41e4-91b9-203292237815_824x710.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:true,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null,&quot;primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl&quot;:&quot;https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationUrl&quot;:&quot;https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationName&quot;:&quot;This Woman's Work&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationId&quot;:2707280}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-14T14:36:20.431Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ykpP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ef5c723-0d20-4112-8888-f095cc9b4790_4752x3168.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/why-i-left-midwifery&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:null,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:184548403,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:20,&quot;comment_count&quot;:9,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>Upcoming ones include: </p><ul><li><p>An exploration of what our uneasiness about technology in care reveals of the state of our systems</p></li><li><p>A French writer&#8217;s plea to rethink left-wing politics around vulnerability and care.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png" width="68" height="68" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:68,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/185816098?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31da2c98-8910-43d3-ae9a-223607753873_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h4><strong>Events</strong></h4><p>Exciting things coming. Watch this space. </p><h3><strong>ACT</strong></h3><p>We aim to advise organisations, local councils, health and education departments, and similar institutions to help them design, build, replicate and scale alternatives to current care systems.</p><p>In the short term, this work focuses on France, as that is where the Institute is registered. Our first big policy initiative is in the works, happening in the context of France&#8217;s municipal elections in March. Stay tuned for updates on that.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png" width="66" height="66" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:66,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/185816098?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c2dfc2f-db80-4019-8c54-6f2ccc92d4a2_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>This dual goal of thinking and acting will mean we&#8217;ll often have to help build things under <em>this </em>sun while we imagine life under new ones. I don&#8217;t see that as a contradiction. The spectrum of social change ranges from a radical reinvention of our existing structures &#8212; radical in its primary sense of &#8216;at the root&#8217;, not necessarily most extreme &#8212; to incremental progress within existing constraints.</p><p>We want to do both, even if that means often having to make do with the trappings of bureaucracy, politics, and human stubbornness. Even if that means helping to build imperfect systems; as long as they&#8217;re systems that work for more people.</p><div><hr></div><p><em>Starting now, this monthly digest of latest publications, upcoming events and other updates on our work will be the main edition of the Institute&#8217;s newsletter. Occasional articles may sometimes go out to your inbox, but most will be posted in their respective categories on our website. You&#8217;re welcome to toggle on individual sub-newsletters in your subscription settings if you wish to receive these directly.</em></p><p><em>If you want to read us in French, a reminder that you can unsubscribe from the main English newsletter and subscribe directly to receive our emails in French by clicking on your account icon in the top right hand corner of your screen, and then on &#8216;Manage subscription&#8217;.</em></p><p><em>This is going to be an exciting year.</em> <em>Again, we welcome collective ideation. Don&#8217;t hesitate to share your thoughts with us, topics you&#8217;d like to see more research on, or blueprints we could analyse. Moreover, if you know caregivers, midwives, researchers, journalists, organisers, local officials, anyone who cares about care, anyone building the care society who you think would benefit from engaging with our work, don&#8217;t hesitate to share it with them too.</em></p><p><em>Thank you,</em></p><p><em>With care,</em></p><p><em>&#8212; MM</em></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>adrienne maree brown, 2017.<em> Emergent Strategy: Shaping Change, Changing Worlds. </em>AK Press. https://www.akpress.org/emergentstrategy.html </p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>And childhood studies, disability or &#8216;crip&#8217; studies, and more.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>In the spirit of collective ideation, the Van Leer Foundation&#8217;s <span class="mention-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Early Childhood Matters&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:311580254,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/994b8e66-e933-40dd-87ab-e06c1e8e11a8_4242x4242.jpeg&quot;,&quot;uuid&quot;:&quot;db36cb69-d3e2-4550-9691-175d01fc44e8&quot;}" data-component-name="MentionToDOM"></span> journal has many great blueprints; another inspiring one is the Treehouse Foundation&#8217;s &#8216;<a href="https://theauntie.substack.com/p/the-community-where-foster-kids-caregivers">foster village</a>&#8217; model which I discovered through <span class="mention-wrap" data-attrs="{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Lisa Sibbett&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:39160870,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;user&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:null,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!8x_O!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F86e6a0f5-348c-4af0-a8c3-409aa311e060_960x960.jpeg&quot;,&quot;uuid&quot;:&quot;b708d046-e0bb-4149-bb45-11baf7b78e75&quot;}" data-component-name="MentionToDOM"></span>&#8217;s newsletter.</p><p>P.S: Apologies for the slightly subpar logos. If you want to help us design better graphics, don&#8217;t hesitate to become a paid subscriber! </p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Construire le soin de demain ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Newsletter de janvier 2026]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/construire-le-soin-de-demain</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/construire-le-soin-de-demain</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 28 Jan 2026 18:50:08 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg" width="1456" height="960" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/bdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:960,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:2196497,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/185816098?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!W1SH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbdbe9b32-ff98-47a2-b0cd-02ec48ed4883_3876x2556.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>Evening Sun</em>, Rudolf Jurriaan Stephanus Haak, 1892. Rijskmuseum collection.</figcaption></figure></div><div><hr></div><p><em><strong>The Fifth Wave Institute est un laboratoire d&#8217;id&#233;es et d&#8217;actions d&#233;di&#233; &#224; la construction de meilleurs syst&#232;mes de soin. L&#8217;Institut travaille &#224; transformer notre rapport au &#8216;prendre soin&#8217; comme une infrastructure essentielle au fonctionnement de nos soci&#233;t&#233;s, pla&#231;ant la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; et l&#8217;interd&#233;pendance au c&#339;ur de nos politiques publiques.</strong></em></p><div><hr></div><p><em>&#171; Il n&#8217;y a rien de nouveau sous le soleil, mais il y a de nouveaux soleils. &#187;</em></p><p>Cette citation d&#8217;<a href="http://octaviabutlerlegacy.com/">Octavia Butler</a> guide mon travail depuis le d&#233;but de ce projet, il y a un peu plus de cinq mois. Elle r&#233;sume une double r&#233;alit&#233; &#224; l&#8217;origine de la cr&#233;ation du Fifth Wave Institute.</p><p>D&#8217;abord, l&#8217;organisation actuelle du soin dans nos soci&#233;t&#233;s est d&#233;faillante. Elle est injustement r&#233;partie.  Elle &#233;choue &#224; offrir &#224; chacun le soin n&#233;cessaire pour s&#8217;&#233;panouir. Elle traite comme des anomalies la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; et l&#8217;interd&#233;pendance, dimensions essentielles de notre humanit&#233;. Elle privil&#233;gie l&#8217;optimisation &#224; court terme et la performance clinique plut&#244;t qu&#8217;une vision holistique de la personne. Elle cloisonne le &#8216;care&#8217; en segments s&#233;par&#233;s de nos vies, au lieu de l&#8217;ancrer au coeur des communaut&#233;s, du travail et de la famille. Elle n&#8217;est, enfin, pas arm&#233;e pour s&#8217;adapter aux cons&#233;quences des vastes changements d&#233;mographiques qui s&#8217;annoncent.</p><p>Pourtant, ce n&#8217;est pas une fatalit&#233;. &#8216;Il y a de nouveaux soleils&#8217;. De meilleurs syst&#232;mes existent ou sont en construction &#224; travers le monde. D&#8217;autres ont &#233;t&#233; pens&#233;s, par des chercheuses, des militants, des patientes, et peuvent &#234;tre mis en place. De nouvelles id&#233;es sur le soin et le &#8216;care&#8217; existent et continuent d&#8217;&#233;merger, et peuvent &#234;tre diss&#233;min&#233;es bien plus largement.</p><p>Cette double r&#233;alit&#233; est notre raison d&#8217;&#234;tre. L&#8217;Institut existe parce que la fa&#231;on dont nous percevons et structurons le soin est inad&#233;quate, et qu&#8217;il nous faut imaginer des solutions ambitieuses et connect&#233;es pour la r&#233;inventer.</p><p>&#192; pr&#233;sent, alors que le premier mois de cette nouvelle ann&#233;e touche &#224; sa fin, je voudrais mieux pr&#233;senter nos objectifs et les diff&#233;rents axes de notre travail. En m&#8217;y attelant, je suis tomb&#233;e sur une autre citation, cette fois d&#8217;adrienne maree brown, fine sp&#233;cialiste de l&#8217;&#339;uvre de Butler :</p><p><em>&#171; Il faut passer de l&#8217;id&#233;ation comp&#233;titive, o&#249; chacun pousse ses id&#233;es seul, &#224; une id&#233;ation collective et collaborative. L&#8217;enjeu n&#8217;est pas d&#8217;avoir la meilleure id&#233;e, mais des id&#233;es qui &#233;manent de plus de monde et qui fonctionnent pour plus de monde. &#187;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a></em></p><p>Que ces deux penseuses mettent en mots l&#8217;essence de notre mission n&#8217;est pas anodin. Les afrof&#233;ministes ont d&#233;j&#224; dit l&#8217;essentiel de ce qu&#8217;il nous faut pour changer nos syst&#232;mes.</p><p>Voici donc notre mission : nous sommes un <em>think-and-act tank </em>&#8211; laboratoires d&#8217;id&#233;es et d&#8217;actions &#8211; ancr&#233; dans l&#8217;&#233;thique du soin et les &#233;tudes f&#233;ministes du &#8216;care&#8217;, qui vise &#224; 1) appliquer ces perspectives pour transformer notre rapport au soin, 2) les traduire en politiques publiques concr&#232;tes. Autrement dit, nous prenons les fruits de l&#8217;id&#233;ation collective pour construire des syst&#232;mes de soin qui fonctionnent pour plus de monde.</p><p>Ce travail s&#8217;articule ainsi :</p><h3><strong>ID&#201;ES</strong></h3><h4><strong>Publications</strong></h4><p><em>&#8216;Blueprints&#8217;</em></p><p>En anglais, un blueprint (trame, patron ou mod&#232;le) est un plan d&#233;taill&#233; d&#8217;un b&#226;timent ou projet qui vise &#224; guider sa r&#233;alisation. Nous analysons des alternatives locales et nationales aux syst&#232;mes de soin actuels, pour en tirer des le&#231;ons, les adapter et les reproduire. Ces mod&#232;les sont utiles pour trois raisons.</p><p>D&#8217;abord, le besoin de &#8216;care&#8217; et ce qui d&#233;finit un bon soin transcendent les fronti&#232;res : un syst&#232;me doit s&#8217;adapter &#224; un certain contexte culturel, social, politique et &#233;conomique, mais les principes qui le rendent efficaces et les enseignements tir&#233;s des d&#233;fis qu&#8217;il rencontre peuvent &#234;tre utiles partout.</p><p>Ensuite, en mati&#232;re d&#8217;innovation sociale, le sch&#233;ma &#8216;initiative locale &#8594; r&#233;plication &#8594; int&#233;gration au niveau national&#8217; est un levier &#233;prouv&#233;. Nous croyons au fait de d&#233;marrer localement, et de mettre &#224; l&#8217;&#233;chelle ce qui marche.</p><p>Enfin, &#171; syst&#232;mes de soin &#187; est un vaste terme : il englobe des espaces comme les &#233;coles, les h&#244;pitaux, les maternit&#233;s, les foyers de l&#8217;ASE, les familles, ou les Ehpad, ainsi que les institutions et lois qui organisent ces espaces. Nous ne pr&#233;tendons pas savoir tout transformer, ni &#234;tre experts de chaque syst&#232;me. Notre valeur ajout&#233;e r&#233;side dans une approche connect&#233;e : comprendre comment le soin circule dans et <em>entre</em> ces syst&#232;mes, pour proposer des solutions int&#233;gr&#233;es.</p><p>Quelques &#8216;blueprints&#8217; :</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;2037fb0f-f1a4-4f8a-97d9-e195c598bd6e&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Une transformation majeure est en cours dans le syst&#232;me de protection sociale du Cambodge. Une initiative locale d&#8217;abord pens&#233;e pour emp&#234;cher les enfants d&#8217;&#234;tre plac&#233;s en orphelinat devient aujourd&#8217;hui le mod&#232;le national d&#8217;aide &#224; l&#8217;enfance et aux plus vuln&#233;rables,&#8230;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Au Cambodge, un mod&#232;le communautaire transforme la protection de l&#8217;enfance&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:205980423,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Bethany Hansel&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Bethany Hansel is a writer currently living in Siem Reap, Cambodia. &quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1dac68f7-229e-4afc-ba52-f1a5a09f9309_500x500.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:true,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-08T10:41:34.729Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/au-cambodge-un-modele-communautaire&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:183848247,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;1f2c6a53-11f6-4eb2-9910-02ebd17ae37d&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;En Am&#233;rique Latine, la r&#233;volution du 'care'&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-03T22:44:04.045Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!x05L!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc4ac58eb-7528-440b-afba-9b91c2f62731_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/en-amerique-latine-la-revolution&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:180650371,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:4,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>&#192; para&#238;tre:</p><ul><li><p>Une analyse du programme scolaire n&#233;o-z&#233;landais <em>Te Wh&#257;riki</em>, un mod&#232;le p&#233;dagogique ancr&#233; dans l&#8217;&#233;thique du soin.</p></li><li><p>Notre premi&#232;re enqu&#234;te de terrain, centr&#233;e sur le r&#233;seau fran&#231;ais des centres de Protection maternelle et infantile (PMI).</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png" width="66" height="66" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:66,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/185816098?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff627fc18-ad15-4d8c-be47-c8b0e948aeef_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZcrS!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2e43524c-4446-4e92-bd83-097cacbd6bb4_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Entretiens </em></p><p>Nous donnons la parole &#224; celles et ceux qui construisent les futurs du soin, par leur pratique ou leur r&#233;flexion. Des personnes qui compensent, par leur cr&#233;ativit&#233; et leur passion, la duret&#233; de nos syst&#232;mes.</p><p>Et parce que les meilleures perspectives sur le &#8216;care&#8217; nous viennent en le pratiquant au quotidien, je demande &#224; tous mes interlocuteurs : &#171; De qui prenez-vous soin, et qui prend soin de vous ? &#187;<em>. </em></p><p>Quelques entretiens:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;62d7c55f-f63e-4def-bfd6-1c7e4a0bb55d&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Transformer le soin p&#233;rinatal pour les m&#232;res immigr&#233;es&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-10-22T17:28:00.735Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!60Xf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fd6188b31-98c3-4f12-88fe-ef8c424c793f_3456x2304.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/transformer-le-soin-perinatal-pour&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:176847325,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:4,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;77bbd737-fd08-4027-b742-8f161210cb1e&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Rita Thapa, architecte visionnaire du syst&#232;me de sant&#233; maternelle n&#233;palais&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-11-19T22:28:36.451Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!PGp4!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F74432bcd-d3e4-4951-8616-f4727e719a16_1600x1067.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/rita-thapa-architecte-visionnaire&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:179376339,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>&#192; para&#238;tre:</p><ul><li><p>Un &#233;change avec Claire Favre, psychologue clinicienne en milieu carc&#233;ral, sur ce que signifie &#8216;prendre soin&#8217; dans des environnements d&#233;finis par la violence.</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>Une conversation avec Sarah Kaddoura, f&#233;ministe palestinienne, sur le travail domestique, la migration, et ce que la solidarit&#233; f&#233;ministe au sein du Sud global nous apprend sur l&#8217;interd&#233;pendance.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png" width="72" height="72" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:72,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/185816098?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F75a8529c-9d25-44c2-bf40-0a4b6e34165c_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9k8-!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F018c18ea-9ee0-4bb7-8961-b3a067b52034_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Essais</em></p><p>Nous publions des textes qui tentent de cerner pourquoi notre rapport au soin va mal, et qui envisagent d&#8217;autres chemins. Nous voulons mettre en avant l&#8217;importance du <em>care</em> sous toutes ses formes : comme une infrastructure publique essentielle, un principe structurant de la vie sociale, et un enjeu central des d&#233;cisions politiques.</p><p>Un exemple:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;175b2f58-8194-445f-b96f-ea0c2984bec9&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Cette semaine, nous partageons un texte de Rebecca Mack, qui &#233;crit la newsletter &#8216;This Woman&#8217;s Work&#8217;.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Pourquoi je ne suis plus sage-femme &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null},{&quot;id&quot;:189536251,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Rebecca Mack &#9749;&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Midlife British woman, writer, wife and mother of two daughters. Women centred writing. Always writing for better. &quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!l5Qz!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4bf018a3-f853-41e4-91b9-203292237815_824x710.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:true,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null,&quot;primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl&quot;:&quot;https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationUrl&quot;:&quot;https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationName&quot;:&quot;This Woman's Work&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationId&quot;:2707280}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-14T14:24:39.000Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pourquoi-je-ne-suis-plus-sage-femme&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:184547056,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:2,&quot;comment_count&quot;:3,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p>&#192; para&#238;tre:</p><ul><li><p>Une r&#233;flexion sur ce que notre malaise face &#224; l&#8217;irruption de la technologie dans le soin r&#233;v&#232;le de l&#8217;&#233;tat de nos syst&#232;mes.</p></li></ul><ul><li><p>Un plaidoyer pour repenser la gauche autour de la vuln&#233;rabilit&#233; et du soin.</p></li></ul><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png" width="68" height="68" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:68,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/185816098?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F31da2c98-8910-43d3-ae9a-223607753873_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vhw5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F17a88a47-a76d-4ecf-bcf6-b575e6f4a529_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><h4><strong>&#201;v&#232;nements</strong></h4><p>Annonces &#224; venir :)</p><h3><strong>ACTIONS</strong></h3><p>Notre mission est de guider les associations et collectivit&#233;s locales pour les aider &#224; concevoir, construire, reproduire et mettre &#224; l&#8217;&#233;chelle des alternatives aux syst&#232;mes de soin actuels.</p><p>&#192; court terme, ce travail se concentre sur la France, o&#249; nous sommes bas&#233;s. Notre premi&#232;re initiative est en pr&#233;paration, dans le cadre des municipales. Plus d&#8217;infos &#224; venir.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png" width="66" height="66" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1024,&quot;width&quot;:1024,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:66,&quot;bytes&quot;:448195,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/185816098?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2c2dfc2f-db80-4019-8c54-6f2ccc92d4a2_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!gIhJ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6463cb54-03bd-4f1d-9d82-6b2894bf42a1_1024x1024.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Cette double mission &#8212; penser et agir &#8212; signifie que nous devrons souvent b&#226;tir &#8216;sous ce soleil&#8217; tout en en imaginant d&#8217;autres. Les deux sont n&#233;cessaires pour le changement social: repenser radicalement nos structures pour demain <em>et </em>am&#233;liorer peu &#224; peu les conditions d&#8217;aujourd&#8217;hui. </p><p>Cela impliquera de composer avec la bureaucratie, la politique, et la nature humaine, et de parfois s&#8217;accommoder de syst&#232;mes imparfaits. Ce qui compte, c&#8217;est qu&#8217;ils fonctionnent toujours pour un peu plus de monde.</p><div><hr></div><p><em>D&#233;sormais, cette newsletter mensuelle (publications r&#233;centes, &#233;v&#233;nements &#224; venir, actualit&#233;s de l&#8217;Institut) sera notre lettre principale. Pour recevoir directement nos emails en fran&#231;ais, petit rappel que vous pouvez vous d&#233;sabonner de la newsletter anglaise et vous abonner &#224; la version fran&#231;aise en cliquant sur l&#8217;ic&#244;ne de votre compte (en haut &#224; droite de votre &#233;cran), puis sur &#171; G&#233;rer mon abonnement &#187;.</em></p><p><em>2026 s&#8217;annonce pleine de projets. Nous croyons &#224; l&#8217;id&#233;ation collective : n&#8217;h&#233;sitez pas &#224; nous partager vos r&#233;flexions, les sujets que vous aimeriez voir explorer, ou les mod&#232;les de soin que nous pourrions analyser. Et si vous connaissez des soignants, sages-femmes, chercheuses, journalistes, &#233;lus locaux, ou toute personne qui se soucie du soin et souhaite voir advenir la soci&#233;t&#233; du &#8216;care&#8217;, n&#8217;h&#233;sitez pas non plus &#224; leur partager notre travail.</em></p><p><em>Merci,</em></p><p><em>&#8212; MM</em></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>adrienne maree brown, 2017.<em> Emergent Strategy: Shaping Change, Changing Worlds. </em>AK Press. https://www.akpress.org/emergentstrategy.html </p><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Why I left midwifery]]></title><description><![CDATA[And how I have found another way to be &#8216;with woman&#8217;]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/why-i-left-midwifery</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/why-i-left-midwifery</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 14 Jan 2026 14:36:20 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ykpP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ef5c723-0d20-4112-8888-f095cc9b4790_4752x3168.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Lire ce texte en fran&#231;ais:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;57d70217-9c4f-4ab5-81c1-ede59b3b39bd&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Cette semaine, nous partageons un texte de Rebecca Mack, qui &#233;crit la newsletter &#8216;This Woman&#8217;s Work&#8217;.&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Pourquoi je ne suis plus sage-femme &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act-tank building a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null},{&quot;id&quot;:189536251,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Rebecca Mack &#9749;&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;A community of peace and rage. Woman focused. A place of calm in a sea of personal and political storms. Engage, enhance, embolden.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4bf018a3-f853-41e4-91b9-203292237815_824x710.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:true,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null,&quot;primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl&quot;:&quot;https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationUrl&quot;:&quot;https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationName&quot;:&quot;This Woman's Work&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationId&quot;:2707280}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-14T14:24:39.000Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pourquoi-je-ne-suis-plus-sage-femme&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:184547056,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ykpP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ef5c723-0d20-4112-8888-f095cc9b4790_4752x3168.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ykpP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ef5c723-0d20-4112-8888-f095cc9b4790_4752x3168.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ykpP!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ef5c723-0d20-4112-8888-f095cc9b4790_4752x3168.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ykpP!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ef5c723-0d20-4112-8888-f095cc9b4790_4752x3168.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ykpP!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ef5c723-0d20-4112-8888-f095cc9b4790_4752x3168.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ykpP!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4ef5c723-0d20-4112-8888-f095cc9b4790_4752x3168.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">&#169;Carlo Navarro on Unsplash.</figcaption></figure></div><p><em>This week, I am sharing this beautiful, if alarming, text by Rebecca Mack &#8211; who writes the <a href="https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com/">newsletter</a> &#8216;This Woman&#8217;s Work&#8217;.</em></p><p><em>The impetus behind the Fifth Wave Institute came partly as a result of my reading &#8216;Of Woman Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution&#8217;, by Adrienne Rich, sitting on the steps of the Bodleian Library during my last few days in Oxford.</em></p><p><em>Reading that book, and diving into the world of thought that subsequently revealed itself to me, was probably one of the single richest intellectual experiences I&#8217;d had up until that point. In it, drawing on extensive research as well as her personal experience in her first heterosexual marriage and then as a lesbian mother, Rich picks apart how the figure of the mother &#8211; imagined, fantasised, imposed, enforced, all but defined by its actual embodied experience &#8211; has for millennia been a central tool of the subjugation of women.</em></p><p><em>In the below, Rebecca writes of her experience as a midwife in the UK&#8217;s NHS, and the systemic failures that ultimately led her to seek a different way to care for women. I&#8217;m sharing it here (it has been slightly edited) because it deeply resonates with the Institute&#8217;s vision for a different, care-centered world. It also feels appropriate as C-section rates have recently <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yqjezrnj4o">surpassed</a> those of vaginal births in England.</em></p><p><em>Both this essay and &#8216;Of Woman Born&#8217; exemplify two of our deeply held beliefs: our systems are broken, and they can be rebuilt. &#8220;The fields need to be radically dug up and new ones sown&#8221;, as Rebecca puts it &#8211; in midwifery as in all other spheres of human activity that involve people taking care of each other.</em></p><p><em>As Rich writes in her 1977 <a href="https://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/richofwomanborn.html">essay</a> of the same name,</em></p><p><em>&#8220;We need to imagine a world in which every woman is the presiding genius of her own body. In such a world, women will truly create life, bring forth not only children (if we choose) but the visions, and the thinking necessary to sustain, console, and alter human existence&#8212;a new relationship to the universe. Sexuality, politics, intelligence, power, motherhood, work, community, intimacy, will develop new meanings; thinking itself will be transformed.</em></p><p><em>This is where we have to begin.&#8221;</em></p><div><hr></div><p>I came late to midwifery. I was twenty-seven, earning 25K a year as Personal Assistant to a group of corporate directors. Free gym, nice offices, lovely boss. It wasn&#8217;t enough. I had a calling. Possibly a catholic or middle daughter thing, I don&#8217;t know &#8211; I just knew I wanted to help people.</p><p>Midwifery looked like the perfect job: women-centred, empowering work and oodles of babies to cuddle. Whilst training, I did a two-week placement on a special care baby unit where my main job was to sit, skin-to-skin-cuddling preemie babies in my cleavage. After the two weeks ended, they practically had to escort me off the ward. It was joyous.</p><p>I knew instantly at my university interview that this was the career &#8211; or rather, the <em>place</em> for me. Not long after, I was called back to the office of the midwifery lecturer who had just interviewed me. She sat at her desk, swinging on her chair, shoes off, chatting animatedly to her colleague who was curled up on the sofa. &#8216;I&#8217;m home&#8217;, I thought. &#8216;I want to stay in this world forever.&#8217;</p><p>The training lasted 3 years and was hard going from the start. We spent half the week working on the wards and the other half studying in classrooms. There were no long holidays like other students and if you missed a shift, even due to illness, you were required to make up the hours in your own time &#8211; meaning most &#8216;holidays&#8217; were spent back on the wards. We were paid a small bursary (not meant for anyone to live on) which has since been terminated for new cohorts. The real payment came in the satisfaction of learning and experiencing the craft you loved.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/why-i-left-midwifery?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/why-i-left-midwifery?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>Lovestruck I was. Many a time, I walked on air as I bounced home, remembering the beautiful newborn that had just been miraculously pushed into my hands. But as time progressed, I missed &#8211; or ignored &#8211; the emerging red flags.</p><p>The wards were permanently short staffed. By the second year, I found myself being used as &#8216;staff&#8217; instead of &#8216;student&#8217; in low-risk areas. &#8216;Breaks&#8217; on an eight- or twelve-hour shift were a luxury, not an essential. A quick dash to the loo whilst running in between patients and finding sustenance from the &#8216;thank you&#8217; chocolates left in reception became the norm.</p><p>Shifts never ended on time &#8211; typically due to a lack of staff to hand over to. The fear of litigation loomed large, and practice often felt more &#8216;defensive&#8217; than &#8216;responsive&#8217;. The constant requirement for documentation interrupted the flow of organic relationship building and care providing.</p><p>As students, we were shielded to an extent from the negative sides of midwifery. Kind mentors would insist we take a break or encourage us to go home before our legs gave way. Unqualified, we were free from the threat of losing our registration, and we could spend time building relationships with our women and their families instead of documenting our every breath. Alas, we would not remain students forever.</p><p>With the thrill of qualification came the terrifying removal of the protective mentor&#8217;s shield. Caring for women and their families was still the ultimate high for me; but unfortunately, the anxiety around their safety &#8211; and my sanity &#8211; became the ultimate low. The <em>system</em> wore me down, not the people I cared for. The lack of staff, the overcrowded wards, the constant life-threatening juggling act. I was permanently anxious. I would frequently leave a shift exhausted, back literally breaking, bladder bursting and spirit just a tiny bit more broken.</p><p>The unpredictability of each shift terrified me. I can remember starting a night shift on the postnatal ward, being moved to the antenatal ward &#8211; while still caring for my postnatal charges &#8211; and then delivering one of my antenatal women on labour ward. After 14 long hours with no break, I emerged from the delivery room with a fresh newborn wrapped around my neck, begging to go home to my own children.</p><p>Yet barely through the door home, I was back on the phone. &#8216;Has that baby in bed 3 fed yet?&#8217;, &#8216;Can someone check the CTG on the woman in bed 6?&#8217;. My husband removed my shoes, I drank a longed-for cup of tea, then another, and then another. </p><p>This was not the exception but the accepted rule. I would have loved to spend that night providing life-changing care to all those women and babies. Instead, I was gasping for air just trying to keep everyone safe. Too many women, too many babies, not enough staff.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/why-i-left-midwifery/comments&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Leave a comment&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/why-i-left-midwifery/comments"><span>Leave a comment</span></a></p><p>The professional cost of giving the &#8216;bare bones&#8217; of care was a constant source of frustration and anger to me. Job dissatisfaction corrodes morale. I have a friend who is a decorator. He painted my living room last year. He is a perfectionist, prides himself on his smooth finishes and straight lines. He offers sage advice when I get carried away with clashing colours and he leaves every house he paints a better place to live. Each job he completes fires him up for the next. He is proud to show his customers his work.</p><p>Imagine if he was a midwife. &#8216;I&#8217;ve slapped some colour on the walls &#8211; if you squint a bit, you can&#8217;t see the dodgy lines; sorry I didn&#8217;t get a chance to do the skirting boards, you can hide them with the furniture; didn&#8217;t do the ceiling but it&#8217;s not so bad, just try not to look up. Anyway, got to go, didn&#8217;t want to say but I&#8217;ve been decorating two other houses at the same time, and I&#8217;ve not finished them either.&#8217; </p><p>It would be demoralising, embarrassing, sad. Not what he trained for.</p><p>During my last shift, I attended to a distraught mum as she delivered a 20-week-old, much-wanted baby in the maternity reception bathroom. The desperate mum was waiting for a bed. There were no beds. And not enough midwives to staff one even if one was available. It was 3 a.m. in the morning. Ten years from that inspiring interview and seven years on since qualification, I was done.</p><p>Sadly, I was not alone. Approximately one-third of my cohort of 30 had left the profession by the time I hung up my stethoscope. Some stayed within the NHS (I did). Some could not get far enough away and went into other roles, as diverse as overseas property management and cake making.</p><p>The solution appears simple &#8211; hire more midwives. But like me, so many just would not go back, and so many newly qualified just will not stay. Changing the landscape of midwifery goes far deeper than throwing more hands into the fields. The fields need to be radically dug up and a new fresh and women-centred field sown.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p>Answer me this&#8230; would midwifery be in this dire a state if men gave birth? I can&#8217;t see that men would be expected to tolerate a maternity system that struggles to provide safe, never mind (don&#8217;t make me laugh), holistic care if they were the pregnant ones.</p><p>The way we treat our pregnant, labouring and postpartum women is a tragic indictment of the way society too often treats women, and mothers in particular. Second-class, disposable, put up and shut up, vessels for male folly, unworthy of care. That women and their bodies don&#8217;t matter is no more evident than in maternity wards worldwide.</p><p>My love affair with midwifery will never end. I can&#8217;t go back to the trauma of the wards, but I can&#8217;t completely walk away either. My passion for the care of women is still as unshakable and necessary as it ever was, if not more so. Grassroots change is needed, and my pen is mightier than my stethoscope at this point.</p><p>So, I sit here, shoeless, swinging on my chair, animatedly chatting to Substack, writing about midwifery, misogyny, mental health, and more. Advocating for women, for mothers, for families. I never wanted to leave midwifery; midwifery is my home. I cannot deliver babies anymore, but I am working on delivering the truth about the treatment of women and mothers. I would love for you to join me.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute is an emerging think tank working to build a future of fair, valued and collective care.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Pourquoi je ne suis plus sage-femme ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Mais je continue &#224; me battre pour une naissance juste]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pourquoi-je-ne-suis-plus-sage-femme</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pourquoi-je-ne-suis-plus-sage-femme</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 14 Jan 2026 14:24:39 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg 1456w" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dzax!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F036b7ad2-183d-4612-9531-80989575f1c4_4752x3168.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">&#169;Carlo Navarro/Unsplash.</figcaption></figure></div><p><em>Cette semaine, nous partageons un texte de Rebecca Mack, qui &#233;crit la newsletter &#8216;<a href="https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com/?utm_source=global-search">This Woman&#8217;s Work</a>&#8217;.</em></p><p><em>Elle y partage son exp&#233;rience en tant que sage-femme au sein du syst&#232;me de sant&#233; britannique, et les failles qui l&#8217;ont finalement amen&#233;e &#224; chercher une autre mani&#232;re de prendre soin des femmes.</em></p><p><em>Cet essai r&#233;sonne fortement avec la vision que nous portons d&#8217;un monde diff&#233;rent, centr&#233; sur le &#8216;care&#8217;. Il para&#238;t &#233;galement adapt&#233; au regard du fait que le taux d&#8217;accouchements par c&#233;sarienne au Royaume-Uni vient de <a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c5yqjezrnj4o">d&#233;passer</a> celui par voie basse &#8211; sympt&#244;me d&#8217;un syst&#232;me malade.</em></p><p><em>Il illustre deux de nos convictions profondes : nos syst&#232;mes vont mal, mais ils peuvent &#234;tre r&#233;par&#233;s. &#171; Il faut tout d&#233;planter et semer de nouvelles graines &#187;, comme le dit Rebecca, en ma&#239;eutique comme dans toutes les autres sph&#232;res o&#249; l&#8217;on prend soin les uns des autres.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>J&#8217;ai d&#233;cid&#233; assez tard de devenir sage-femme. J&#8217;avais vingt-sept ans, je gagnais &#163;25K par an en tant qu&#8217;assistante pour un groupe de dirigeants d&#8217;entreprise. Salle de sport gratuite, bureaux agr&#233;ables, manager sympa. &#199;a ne me suffisait pas. J&#8217;avais une vocation. C&#8217;est peut-&#234;tre un truc de petite derni&#232;re ou d&#8217;&#233;ducation catholique, je ne sais pas &#8211; mais je voulais aider les gens.</p><p>Le m&#233;tier de sage-femme semblait id&#233;al: centr&#233; sur les femmes, essentiel &#224; la soci&#233;t&#233;, et rempli de b&#233;b&#233;s &#224; c&#226;liner. Pendant ma formation, j&#8217;ai effectu&#233; un stage de deux semaines en unit&#233; de soins pour nouveau-n&#233;s pr&#233;matur&#233;s, o&#249; mon r&#244;le consistait &#224; rester assise, un b&#233;b&#233; blotti contre ma poitrine en peau-&#224;-peau. Ils ont presque d&#251; m&#8217;escorter hors de l&#8217;unit&#233; &#224; la fin du stage. J&#8217;&#233;tais bien.</p><p>D&#232;s mon entretien &#224; l&#8217;universit&#233;, j&#8217;ai su que c&#8217;&#233;tait ma voie. Peu apr&#232;s notre &#233;change, j&#8217;ai &#233;t&#233; rappel&#233;e dans le bureau de l&#8217;enseignante en ma&#239;eutique qui venait de me recevoir. Elle &#233;tait assise &#224; son bureau, pieds nus, se balan&#231;ant sur sa chaise, discutant avec animation avec une coll&#232;gue lov&#233;e sur le canap&#233;. &#171; Je suis chez moi &#187;, me suis-je dit. &#171; Je veux rester dans ce monde pour toujours. &#187;</p><p>La formation a dur&#233; trois ans et fut &#233;prouvante d&#232;s le d&#233;part. On passait la moiti&#233; de la semaine en stage et l&#8217;autre moiti&#233; en cours. Pas de longues vacances comme les autres &#233;tudiants, et si on manquait une journ&#233;e, m&#234;me pour cause de maladie, il fallait rattraper les heures sur notre temps libre &#8211; on passait donc la plupart de nos &#8220;cong&#233;s&#8221; &#224; travailler. Nous touchions une bourse modeste (insuffisante pour vivre), depuis supprim&#233;e. La vraie r&#233;mun&#233;ration, c&#8217;&#233;tait la satisfaction d&#8217;apprendre et de pratiquer un m&#233;tier qu&#8217;on aimait.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pourquoi-je-ne-suis-plus-sage-femme?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pourquoi-je-ne-suis-plus-sage-femme?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p>Et je l&#8217;aimais, ce m&#233;tier. Combien de fois suis-je rentr&#233;e chez moi marchant sur un nuage, repensant &#224; ce nouveau-n&#233; miraculeusement d&#233;pos&#233; entre mes mains ? Mais avec le temps, je n&#8217;ai pas vu &#8211; ou refus&#233; de voir &#8211; les signaux d&#8217;alerte qui commen&#231;aient &#224; clignoter.</p><p>Les maternit&#233;s &#233;taient en sous-effectif chronique. D&#232;s la deuxi&#232;me ann&#233;e, nous &#233;tions mobilis&#233;es comme personnel plut&#244;t qu&#8217;&#233;tudiantes sur des accouchement &#224; bas risque. Faire une pause pendant un service de huit ou douze heures &#233;tait un luxe. Sprinter aux toilettes entre deux patientes et avoir pour tout d&#238;ner les chocolats laiss&#233;s en remerciement &#224; l&#8217;accueil &#233;tait la norme.</p><p>On ne finissait jamais &#224; l&#8217;heure, faute de rel&#232;ve. La peur des poursuites judiciaires planait constamment sur nos actes, et notre pratique &#233;tait souvent plus d&#233;fensive que proactive. L&#8217;obligation constante de documentation interrompait le flux naturel de la rencontre et du soin.</p><p>En tant qu&#8217;&#233;tudiants, nous &#233;tions prot&#233;g&#233;s, dans une certaine mesure, des aspects n&#233;gatifs du m&#233;tier. Des mentors bienveillantes insistaient pour que nous prenions une pause ou nous encourageaient &#224; rentrer avant que nos jambes ne flanchent. Non dipl&#244;m&#233;s, nous &#233;tions &#224; l&#8217;abri de la menace de perdre notre certification, et nous pouvions prendre le temps de nouer des liens avec les femmes et leurs familles, plut&#244;t que de consigner chacun de nos gestes. H&#233;las, nous ne resterions pas &#233;tudiants &#233;ternellement.</p><p>Avec l&#8217;euphorie de l&#8217;obtention du dipl&#244;me est venue la terrifiante disparition de ce bouclier protecteur. Prendre soin des femmes et de leurs familles &#233;tait toujours mon plus grand bonheur: mais l&#8217;angoisse quant &#224; leur s&#233;curit&#233;, et quant &#224; ma propre sant&#233;, devint mon plus grand fardeau.</p><p>C&#8217;est le syst&#232;me lui-m&#234;me qui m&#8217;usa, plut&#244;t les personnes que je soignais. Le manque de personnel, les maternit&#233;s surcharg&#233;es, l&#8217;&#233;quilibrisme permanent entre des vies en jeu. J&#8217;&#233;tais en &#233;tat d&#8217;alerte permanent. Je quittais souvent mon unit&#233; &#233;puis&#233;e, le dos bris&#233;, la vessie pr&#234;te &#224; exploser, et l&#8217;esprit chaque soir un peu plus fractur&#233;.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pourquoi-je-ne-suis-plus-sage-femme/comments&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Leave a comment&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/pourquoi-je-ne-suis-plus-sage-femme/comments"><span>Leave a comment</span></a></p><p>L&#8217;impr&#233;visibilit&#233; de chaque garde me terrifiait. Je me souviens d&#8217;une nuit o&#249; j&#8217;ai d&#251; m&#8217;occuper de patientes dans trois unit&#233;s diff&#233;rentes, sans cesse oblig&#233;e de courir de l&#8217;une &#224; l&#8217;autre. Apr&#232;s quatorze heures sans pause, j&#8217;ai &#233;merg&#233; de la salle de naissance, un nouveau-n&#233; entre les mains, suppliant de rentrer aupr&#232;s de mes propres enfants.</p><p>&#192; peine franchie la porte de chez moi, j&#8217;&#233;tais de nouveau au t&#233;l&#233;phone. &#171; Est-ce que le b&#233;b&#233; du lit 3 a t&#233;t&#233; ? &#187;, &#171; Quelqu&#8217;un peut v&#233;rifier le monito de la patiente du lit 6 ? &#187; Mon mari m&#8217;a enlev&#233; mes chaussures, j&#8217;ai bu une tasse de th&#233; tant attendue, puis une autre, puis encore une autre. J&#8217;aurais aim&#233; passer cette nuit &#224; prodiguer des soins r&#233;ellement apaisants &#224; toutes ces familles. &#192; la place, je suffoquais, essayant d&#233;sesp&#233;r&#233;ment de maintenir tout le monde en s&#233;curit&#233;. Trop de femmes, trop de b&#233;b&#233;s, pas assez de personnel.</p><p>Le co&#251;t professionnel de ces &#171; soins au rabais &#187; &#233;tait une source constante de frustration et de col&#232;re. L&#8217;insatisfaction au travail ronge le moral. J&#8217;ai un ami d&#233;corateur. L&#8217;an dernier, il a peint mon salon. Perfectionniste, il s&#8217;enorgueillit de ses finitions lisses et de ses lignes droites. Il me donne des conseils avis&#233;s quand je m&#8217;emballe sur des couleurs qui jurent, et il laisse chaque maison qu&#8217;il peint plus agr&#233;able &#224; vivre. Chaque chantier termin&#233; le motive pour le suivant. Il est fier de montrer son travail &#224; ses clients.</p><p>Imaginez s&#8217;il &#233;tait sage-femme. &#8220;J&#8217;ai mis un coup de peinture sur les murs &#8211; si vous plissez les yeux, on ne voit pas trop les traits bancals ; d&#233;sol&#233;, je n&#8217;ai pas eu le temps de faire les plinthes, vous pourrez les cacher avec les meubles ; je n&#8217;ai pas fait le plafond, mais ce n&#8217;est pas si grave, essayez de ne pas lever les yeux. Au fait, je dois y aller, je ne vous l&#8217;ai pas dit, mais je d&#233;core deux autres maisons en m&#234;me temps, et je ne les ai pas finies non plus. &#187;</p><p>Ce serait d&#233;moralisant, humiliant, triste. Pas pour &#231;a qu&#8217;il s&#8217;est form&#233;.</p><p>Lors de ma toute derni&#232;re garde, j&#8217;ai accompagn&#233; une m&#232;re en d&#233;tresse qui a accouch&#233; d&#8217;un b&#233;b&#233; de vingt semaines, tant d&#233;sir&#233;, dans les toilettes de l&#8217;accueil de la maternit&#233;. Cette m&#232;re d&#233;sesp&#233;r&#233;e attendait un lit. Il n&#8217;y en avait pas. Il &#233;tait 3 heures du matin. Dix ans apr&#232;s cet entretien qui m&#8217;avait inspir&#233;e, sept ans apr&#232;s l&#8217;obtention de mon dipl&#244;me, j&#8217;ai dit stop.</p><p>Je n&#8217;&#233;tais pas la seule. Environ un tiers de ma promotion de trente &#233;tudiants avait d&#233;j&#224; quitt&#233; la profession quand j&#8217;ai raccroch&#233; mon st&#233;thoscope. Certains sont rest&#233;s dans le syst&#232;me de sant&#233; (comme moi). D&#8217;autres n&#8217;ont pas pu s&#8217;&#233;loigner assez vite et se sont reconvertis dans des m&#233;tiers aussi vari&#233;s que la gestion immobili&#232;re ou la p&#226;tisserie.</p><p>La solution semble simple : embaucher plus de sages-femmes. Mais comme moi, tant d&#8217;anciennes ne reviendraient pour rien au monde, et tant de jeunes dipl&#244;m&#233;es ne restent pas. Transformer la profession va bien au-del&#224; d&#8217;un simple renforcement des effectifs. Il faut tout d&#233;planter et semer de nouvelles graines, de nouveaux champs, qui respecteraient vraiment les femmes.</p><p>Je vous le demande, le m&#233;tier serait-il dans un tel &#233;tat si les hommes accouchaient ? Je n&#8217;imagine pas un instant qu&#8217;on attende d&#8217;eux qu&#8217;ils tol&#232;rent un syst&#232;me aux failles aussi graves et si &#233;videntes.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p>La fa&#231;on dont nous traitons les femmes enceintes, en travail et en post-partum est une tragique illustration de la mani&#232;re dont la soci&#233;t&#233; traite trop souvent les femmes, et les m&#232;res en particulier. Citoyennes de seconde zone, jetables, pri&#233;es de se taire et de supporter, r&#233;ceptacles des caprices masculins, indignes de soins. Que les femmes et leurs corps comptent peu n&#8217;est nulle part plus flagrant que dans les maternit&#233;s du monde entier.</p><p>Mon histoire d&#8217;amour avec la ma&#239;eutique ne prendra jamais fin. Je ne peux plus retourner dans le stress d&#8217;une garde, mais je ne peux pas non plus tourner d&#233;finitivement le dos &#224; ce m&#233;tier. Ma passion pour le soin aux femmes est toujours aussi in&#233;branlable et n&#233;cessaire, si ce n&#8217;est plus. Mais un changement de fond est indispensable, et ma plume est aujourd&#8217;hui plus puissante que mon st&#233;thoscope.</p><p>Alors me voil&#224;, pieds nus, me balan&#231;ant sur ma chaise, discutant avec animation avec celles et ceux qui me lisent. J&#8217;&#233;cris sur la naissance, la misogynie, la sant&#233; mentale, et bien d&#8217;autres sujets. Je d&#233;fends les femmes, les m&#232;res, les familles. Je n&#8217;ai jamais voulu quitter le m&#233;tier de sage-femme ; il est ma maison. Je ne peux plus mettre au monde de b&#233;b&#233;s, mais je travaille &#224; faire na&#238;tre la v&#233;rit&#233; sur le traitement r&#233;serv&#233; aux femmes et aux m&#232;res.</p><div><hr></div><p><em>Rebecca Mack &#8212; Traduit et &#233;dit&#233; par M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat. </em></p><p><em>Abonnez-vous <a href="https://itwillgetbetter.substack.com/">ici</a> pour recevoir les lettres de This Woman&#8217;s Work</em>.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute est un think tank centr&#233; sur les futurs du &#8216;care&#8217; et des syst&#232;mes de soin. Soutenez-nous en vous abonnant.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[The community model transforming social protection in Cambodia]]></title><description><![CDATA[It really does take a village to protect a child]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/the-community-model-transforming</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/the-community-model-transforming</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Bethany Hansel]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 08 Jan 2026 13:42:34 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Lire cet article en fran&#231;ais:</em> </p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;ee7f3d80-9a34-4565-9375-f57a75417671&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Une transformation majeure est en cours dans le syst&#232;me de protection sociale du Cambodge. Une initiative locale d&#8217;abord pens&#233;e pour emp&#234;cher les enfants d&#8217;&#234;tre plac&#233;s en orphelinat devient aujourd&#8217;hui le mod&#232;le national d&#8217;aide &#224; l&#8217;enfance et aux plus vuln&#233;rables,&#8230;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Au Cambodge, un mod&#232;le communautaire transforme la protection de l&#8217;enfance&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:205980423,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;Bethany Hansel&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Bethany Hansel is a writer currently living in Siem Reap, Cambodia. &quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1dac68f7-229e-4afc-ba52-f1a5a09f9309_500x500.png&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:true,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null,&quot;primaryPublicationSubscribeUrl&quot;:&quot;https://bethanyhansel.substack.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationUrl&quot;:&quot;https://bethanyhansel.substack.com&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationName&quot;:&quot;Bethany's Substack&quot;,&quot;primaryPublicationId&quot;:7224407}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2026-01-08T10:41:34.729Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/au-cambodge-un-modele-communautaire&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais &#127467;&#127479;&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:183848247,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><p><em>N.B: Si vous souhaitez recevoir directement les articles en fran&#231;ais de The Fifth Wave Institute, vous pouvez vous d&#233;sabonner de la newsletter principale et vous abonner &#224; celle en fran&#231;ais en vous rendant sur <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/">fifthwaveinstitute.com</a> dans la rubrique &#8216;G&#233;rer mon abonnement&#8217;.</em></p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:13033670,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/182944707?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qQ2Z!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4f6f515d-9287-4991-9907-d64119be03be_6240x4160.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">A mother and child in one of the Village Hives. Photo courtesy of Cambodian Children&#8217;s Trust.</figcaption></figure></div><div><hr></div><p><em>A major transformation is taking shape in Cambodia&#8217;s social care system. What started as a grassroots effort to stop children from being put into orphanages is now being scaled nationwide as the blueprint for social protection &#8212; thanks to one community model revolutionising the country&#8217;s approach to care.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>What should a society do when families are unable to care for their children?</p><p>For decades, the default answer was orphanages &#8212; residential institutions where children without parental care are looked after by staff. However, as evidence mounted that orphanages do more harm than good to children&#8217;s well-being, many countries moved beyond the orphanage model, opting instead for foster, family- and community-based systems to house and care for vulnerable children.</p><p>In countries with underdeveloped social support systems, though, charity-run orphanages remained a prevailing solution. And in Cambodia, where about<a href="https://www.adb.org/where-we-work/cambodia/poverty"> one in six</a> people live below the poverty line, families who couldn&#8217;t provide their children with adequate food, healthcare, or education turned to orphanages as a last resort. This is why 80% of children living in Cambodian orphanages are not actually orphans, but children whose families felt they couldn&#8217;t afford to care for them<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>.</p><p><strong>A care system in crisis<br></strong>In the early 2010s, Cambodian orphanages<a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/video/people-power/2012/6/27/cambodias-orphan-business"> came under fire</a>. Emboldened by the growing demand for &#8220;orphanage tourism&#8221;, it became obvious that many had been abusing and exploiting children for profit.</p><p>Orphanage or &#8216;volontourism&#8217; emerged in the 2000s as an increasingly popular form of tourism in developing  countries. Seduced by the promises of white saviourism, wealthy tourists and young international volunteers would visit orphanages for a &#8220;feel-good&#8221; travel experience, unaware of &#8211; or undisturbed by &#8211; the fact they were helping to create an &#8220;orphan-industrial complex&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>.</p><p>Between 2005 and 2015, the number of orphanages in Cambodia increased by more than 60%. Children were often &#8220;recruited [or] trafficked to fulfil the demand for &#8216;orphans&#8217;&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a>, and purposefully &#8220;kept in poor health, poor conditions and malnourished in order to elicit more support in the form of donations and gifts&#8221;. Once supposedly an institution of care for vulnerable children, Cambodian orphanages had become a profit-generating machine, with children the commodity being sold<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>.</p><p>Recognising what had now burgeoned into a full-blown crisis, the Cambodian government made a public commitment in 2017 to shut down all their orphanages and shift to a family- and community-based care model.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute is a think-and-act tank working to build a future of fair, valued and collective care.  </p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>However, until recently, those efforts had largely failed. Critics argued that the solution was a cosmetic one: it didn&#8217;t address the social realities at the root of why children end up in orphanages in the first place. Forcing their closure with no formal protection system in place to ensure children&#8217;s safety going forward meant many would merely return to a life of poverty &#8211; putting them at further risk of trafficking, child labour, underage marriage, and other forms of abuse and exploitation<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a>.</p><p>But in June 2025, that changed. Inspired by a grassroots social protection initiative developed in the northwestern province of Battambang, the Cambodian government finally took steps to address these root issues when they adopted the Village Hive Model as their national child protection framework.</p><p><strong>The model<br></strong>Kickstarted by <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/">Cambodian Children&#8217;s Trust</a> (CCT), a local orphanage-turned-NGO, the <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive/">Village Hive Model</a> offers a groundbreaking framework for a community-led social protection system. The three-tiered, upstream model works to eradicate both poverty and local dependence on charity.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!npJZ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Facff2d28-67f4-47a8-a1bf-dcb173d59298_1004x757.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!npJZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Facff2d28-67f4-47a8-a1bf-dcb173d59298_1004x757.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!npJZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Facff2d28-67f4-47a8-a1bf-dcb173d59298_1004x757.png 848w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!npJZ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Facff2d28-67f4-47a8-a1bf-dcb173d59298_1004x757.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!npJZ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Facff2d28-67f4-47a8-a1bf-dcb173d59298_1004x757.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!npJZ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Facff2d28-67f4-47a8-a1bf-dcb173d59298_1004x757.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!npJZ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Facff2d28-67f4-47a8-a1bf-dcb173d59298_1004x757.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Tier 1: Universal prevention<br></em>The foundation of the Hives is the strengthening of public services, like schools and health clinics, to ensure universal access. These essential services raise well-being and living standards for every family in the village.</p><p>To prioritise community agency, the programme challenged school and clinic staff to identify their own strengths and needs. CCT&#8217;s role then became primarily to supply what they asked for &#8212; a non-directive approach rare amongst NGOs.</p><p>The Hives invest in public health infrastructure by stocking up on essential supplies, ensuring clean, functioning, and accessible facilities. They provide health workers with additional staff and training opportunities. Local health centres are then better equipped to prevent disease and manage acute and chronic conditions when they arise.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UbH!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UbH!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UbH!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UbH!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UbH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UbH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg" width="1456" height="660" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:660,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1011353,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/182944707?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UbH!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UbH!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UbH!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!9UbH!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc9140981-8eef-47c5-8f72-ae0a99312315_2560x1160.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">The four-step journey that each Hive undertakes to revamp its health system.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Within schools, the Hives ensure that facilities and curriculums are accessible and of high quality. They provide teachers with additional staffing support, supplies, and training in pedagogy, ICT literacy<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>, child protection, child rights, and positive behaviour management. </p><p>Furthermore, the model provides opportunities for students to participate in extra-curricular activities, life skills classes, <a href="https://www.viking-education.com/blog/understanding-the-differences-between-remedial-tutoring-and-other-tutoring-types">remedial tutoring</a>, and more. These efforts create a public school system that helps every child learn and thrive in a safe, nurturing, and stimulating environment.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QCy!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QCy!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QCy!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QCy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QCy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QCy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg" width="1456" height="672" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:672,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1005448,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/182944707?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QCy!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QCy!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QCy!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-QCy!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F6055bc11-e5f9-415d-994b-0dea3ad19940_2560x1182.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">The four-step journey each Hive undertakes to revamp its education system.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Together, the strengthening and universalising of these essential services are designed to set children, families, and communities up for success for years to come.</p><p><em>Tier 2: Early intervention<br></em>Once basic public services are in place, the Hives&#8217; early intervention scheme attempts to anticipate crises by tackling poverty at its core. Social workers are referred to at-risk families, who they guide through a six-step journey to financial independence.</p><p>Outlined in the graph below, that journey starts with conducting a full audit of the family&#8217;s basic needs, as well as their monthly income and expenses. This helps connect each family to appropriate public services, design them a financial literacy training and budget, calculate a support payment, and help them set a financial goal. </p><p>The social workers then work with families to build a business plan or connect them to employment, and continue monitoring and supporting them to help them reach their goals.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-La8!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-La8!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-La8!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-La8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-La8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-La8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png" width="1456" height="396" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:396,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:312393,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/182944707?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-La8!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-La8!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-La8!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-La8!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F740c9582-ad7c-4a32-a422-2365b49470ae_1606x437.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Poverty is a root cause of many issues facing local communities, including family separation, child labour, and trafficking. The support provided to these families equips them with the tools they need to shift their focus from day-to-day survival towards long-term stability. When families gain financial literacy and independence, they become less reliant on charities and are better able to support their children, ultimately decreasing the likelihood of these children falling into exploitative situations.</p><p><em>Tier 3: Crisis response<br></em>With prevention and early intervention systems in place, fewer families reach a point of crisis. This means response services are no longer overburdened, allowing them to deliver care more effectively to those in need.</p><p>When a crisis does arise, such as reports of abuse, neglect, family separation, child labour, or trafficking, the Hives are equipped with a range of services to address the issue and offer safe alternatives. These include a 24/7 emergency hotline, counselling, crisis housing, kinship care, care leaver support<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a>, family reintegration, addiction support groups, and disaster relief.</p><p>When social workers determine that a child can&#8217;t safely be cared for by their parents, they work with the extended family network to find other options, prioritising placing the children with family and friends they feel comfortable with before resorting to foster care. They support carers with child protection training and financial support to ensure they are well equipped to provide a safe and nurturing home for the child. They also offer counselling to the child and family to help them work through their challenges.</p><p>With this multi-layered and interlocking network of social protection, the Village Hives work to systematically ensure no more children end up in institutional care &#8212; providing a blueprint for what truly effective community-based social support can look like<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-8" href="#footnote-8" target="_self">8</a>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZLvQ!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16ea65ef-372c-4696-a4e9-549887aeab63_995x837.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZLvQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16ea65ef-372c-4696-a4e9-549887aeab63_995x837.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZLvQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16ea65ef-372c-4696-a4e9-549887aeab63_995x837.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZLvQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16ea65ef-372c-4696-a4e9-549887aeab63_995x837.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZLvQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16ea65ef-372c-4696-a4e9-549887aeab63_995x837.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZLvQ!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16ea65ef-372c-4696-a4e9-549887aeab63_995x837.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZLvQ!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16ea65ef-372c-4696-a4e9-549887aeab63_995x837.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZLvQ!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16ea65ef-372c-4696-a4e9-549887aeab63_995x837.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ZLvQ!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F16ea65ef-372c-4696-a4e9-549887aeab63_995x837.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>An interlocking support network where everyone has a role to play. &#169;<a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive-2021/networks/">CCT</a></em></figcaption></figure></div><p><strong>Empowering communities<br></strong>The process of building the Hives began with &#8216;co-creation workshops&#8217; in each target community. These brought in the voices of local leaders, public servants, and other stakeholders to identify local child protection issues and brainstorm potential solutions. Since this initial ideation, co-design workshops have continued to inform the evolution of the Village Hives.</p><p>&#8220;I&#8217;ve never seen another NGO work like CCT. The Village Hive is as pioneering as the astronauts on the Apollo mission&#8221;, <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/18899-CCT-Annual-Report-2024-DIGITAL-FA97.pdf">said</a> Hak Chanley, Deputy Head of the Cambodian Ministry of Social Affairs, Veterans, and Youth (MoSVY). &#8220;I saw the commune chiefs, local leaders, government and CCT working so well together. Everyone has the same goal [...], supporting families who have problems until there are none.&#8221;</p><p>This ability to drive and define their own solutions is one that Cambodian communities have routinely been deprived of. When the genocidal Khmer Rouge regime effectively <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0962629815000980">demolished</a> the country&#8217;s care infrastructure in the 1970s, international NGOs stepped in to fill the gaps. Though most of these organisations had good intentions, they created a national care system that depended on foreign charities to deliver essential services.</p><p>For decades, this cycle of dependency has deprived locals of empowerment and leadership opportunities, making them reliant on foreign actors to define their issues and prescribe solutions. And sadly, those were rarely rooted in local context and long-term sustainability.</p><p>&#8220;We want to start a movement to shift power from NGOs back to local communities,&#8221; <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/16717-CCT-2022-Annual-Report-FA-WEB.pdf">said</a> Pon Jedtha, CCT co-founder and Country Director. &#8220;Instead of all the NGOs working in the private sector, which they have full control over, we want to see [them] work within the public sector, using their donations and philanthropy from around the world to invest in building universal public services and trusting communities to do this work.&#8221;</p><p>CCT&#8217;s path towards &#8220;breaking the cycle of charity&#8221; has not been straightforward. In fact, Pon Jedtha and co-founder <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/tara-winkler-a85b0620a/?originalSubdomain=kh">Tara Winkler</a> initially developed CCT itself as an orphanage in 2007, before undergoing a restructuring when they realised that most children ending up in their care were not actually orphans. Since then, the organisation has only continued to learn and adapt to what local communities actually need to thrive.</p><p>&#8220;In 2019, we realised we had hit a dead end. If CCT continued down the same path we were on, Battambang would be dependent on us delivering essential services forever,&#8221; <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/CCT-2023-Annual-Impact-Report.pdf">said</a> Jedtha. &#8220;We deserve a community that can stand on its own and care for its people. Our children, and our children&#8217;s children, should grow up knowing the safety of a well-resourced community.&#8221;</p><p><strong>Working themselves out of a job<br></strong>This realisation is precisely why one of the organisation&#8217;s core tenets is its exit strategy.</p><p>It&#8217;s a paradox many nonprofits face: if they actually solve the problems they set out to solve, they render themselves redundant. While many organisations shy away from this reality, CCT has made obsolescence central to its mission. As Winkler<a href="https://aidnetwork.org.au/rethinking-localisation-beyond-the-illusion/"> explains</a>:</p><p>&#8220;The international development sector was built on a mindset of empire-building, where organisations grow their own brands, programs and infrastructure that they operate privately in parallel to public systems. Shifting to a deeper, more humble focus on solving the root causes of problems in the Global South requires that those same organisations let go of the structures that keep their own names alive.</p><p>That&#8217;s uncomfortable, because it means losing the ability to stake a claim and say: &#8216;This is our school, our centre, our program.&#8217; Yet that loss of ownership is precisely the point. When projects blend seamlessly into public systems, the logo may fade, but what remains is far more powerful: a lasting solution owned by the community itself.&#8221;</p><p>CCT hopes to &#8216;work themselves out of a job&#8217; by 2032, made redundant by fully functional and self-sustaining Village Hives. This would mean that communities have taken complete charge of their own social protection services, successfully tackling issues as they arise and implementing ongoing, locally driven and informed solutions.</p><p>And they&#8217;re well on their way. To prioritise localisation, CCT has shifted to a fully Khmer leadership team and implemented an affirmative action policy that ensures equal pay between local and expatriate employees. This policy also stipulates that CCT can only hire expatriates if there is demonstrable proof that their expertise is not available in Cambodia<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-9" href="#footnote-9" target="_self">9</a>. As a result, there have been no expat employees at CCT for the past five years.</p><p>Since their launch in 2019, the Village Hives have had an enormous impact. According to CCT&#8217;s data, families have been shown to increase their income by 142%, reduce their debt by 61%, and continue thriving independently even after completing the early intervention journey<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-10" href="#footnote-10" target="_self">10</a>.</p><p>As of 2024, the Hives were supporting over 50,000 people across three communes and 18 villages in Battambang province. CCT plans to have the district&#8217;s ten communes and 62 villages fully integrated by 2032. And with the model now being adopted by the national government, its scale and impact are only going to keep growing.</p><p>&#8220;We plan to expand the Village Hive to all 25 Cambodian provinces and the capital city,&#8221; <a href="https://www.instagram.com/reels/DRGKs2fE4_S/">explained</a> Siem Sopheak Votey, Family Affairs Director within MoSVY. &#8220;We want provincial, commune, and NGO partners to implement [it] together to create one cohesive system to address the root causes of poverty.&#8221;</p><p><strong>Rebuilding trust<br></strong>One of the most common concerns about shifting towards a community-based model and integrating the Hives into the public system is about government corruption. In 2024, Cambodia <a href="https://www.transparency.org/en/countries/cambodia">ranked</a> 158 out of 180 countries in the Corruption Perceptions Index, making its corruption issue amongst the worst in the world. Because of this, a lot of foreign trust has been lost in the country&#8217;s public institutions.</p><p>Sustainable, publicly-integrated Hives require complete trust and cooperation between all its stakeholders. This is why the Hives tackle corruption head-on to rebuild this trust. They&#8217;ve implemented strict anti-corruption policies and procedures, requiring regular reporting, training, and discussion forums to evaluate progress and brainstorm solutions<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-11" href="#footnote-11" target="_self">11</a>.</p><p>&#8220;There&#8217;s a deeply entrenched idea that communities in the Global South can&#8217;t be trusted to run their own affairs. But corruption isn&#8217;t an insurmountable problem &#8212; it&#8217;s not [inherent to] the culture or character of the people. Corruption is simply a symptom of a flawed system,&#8221; <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/18899-CCT-Annual-Report-2024-DIGITAL-FA97.pdf">said</a> Tara Winkler. &#8220;We are proving that with the right checks, controls and transparency, we can overcome concerns of corruption.&#8221;</p><p>These efforts are ongoing, but most participants <a href="https://documents.uow.edu.au/content/groups/public/@web/@bus/documents/doc/uow278172.pdf">report</a> that they are already proving effective in ensuring accountability and preventing corruption. Local leaders are also reporting a better functioning relationship between governments and communities.</p><p>&#8220;[The Village Hive] has promoted inclusivity and encouraged greater engagement between the community and local government,&#8221; <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/18899-CCT-Annual-Report-2024-DIGITAL-FA97.pdf">said</a> Chea Vibol, from Ou Char&#8217;s Commune Council. &#8220;Local governments have become more responsive to community needs, actively listening to feedback and making fair, impartial decisions that reflect the best interests of our people.&#8221;</p><p><strong>Funding systems change<br></strong>While corruption is a major concern, it&#8217;s not CCT&#8217;s only barrier to securing funding for the Hives. The organisation has found that their project&#8217;s complex and long-term nature often confuses donors, who are usually more attracted to clear visions and immediate results.</p><p>&#8220;Systems change work takes time, and it is not always easy to explain. It was much easier for CCT to raise funds when we were an orphanage!&#8221;, Keir Drinnan, Managing Director of CCT Australia &#8211; a branch that provides financial and strategic support to the Hives &#8211; told me.</p><p>As an NGO, CCT has historically mobilised international donors to raise much of the money needed for their projects. However, creating sustainable, publicly-integrated Hives ultimately requires financial backing from the state &#8212; and that has often proved difficult to come by. &#8220;A lack of understanding by the general public about the upstream approach that CCT is working on&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-12" href="#footnote-12" target="_self">12</a> can make it challenging to get communities on board and pitch the project to government officials, who might struggle to see the vision the Hive is working towards.</p><p>But CCT carries on demonstrating the model&#8217;s evidence-based impact. To them, self-sustaining communities where each member receives the care they need to thrive is a vision worth fighting for. And despite initial challenges, the Cambodian government is now contributing their own funding to the project, marking a major step towards the Hives&#8217; sustainability &#8212; and CCT&#8217;s dissolution.</p><p><strong>Globalising localisation?<br></strong>Localisation is at the heart of the Hives. Their very essence is to be built by Cambodians, for Cambodians. But this doesn&#8217;t mean that their community-driven framework is not applicable in other cultural contexts. For CCT, localisation must be the basis of <em>any </em>systems change.</p><p>&#8220;At its core, localisation should be a matter of power &#8212; who is in control and who is making the decisions,&#8221;<a href="https://aidnetwork.org.au/rethinking-localisation-beyond-the-illusion/"> said</a> Winkler. &#8220;Power never truly shifts if it remains within the orbit of foreign-controlled NGOs and donors. The only way to create lasting change is to build robust social welfare services within the public system, where the roots of control are inherently local.&#8221;</p><p>So, while the Hives&#8217; specific characteristics may not work anywhere, its core tenets can.</p><p>The Village Hives conceptualise care as a deeply communal, shared responsibility; a process of co-creation and co-evolution. Theirs is a complex, interconnected system of protection which acknowledges that the issues our care systems attempt to fix are mutually inextricable, and thus require a holistic approach.</p><p>The model shows that far from a saviour gallantly swooping in to save someone in crisis, effective care systems work outwards from the core. Systems where each member not only has their immediate needs met, but is set up to continue flourishing for decades to come, require the active involvement of communities.</p><p>On a global scale, this means communities have power &#8212; from the grassroots, village level all the way up to the national policy level. Governments and NGOs need to trust and support them to drive their own change. </p><p>And as for each of us, it means we carry a responsibility to ground our practice of care within our own communities, in our daily interactions, as a precondition for building anything else.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Support The Fifth Wave Institute&#8217;s work building the care society by becoming a paid subscriber.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Miller, A., &amp; Beazley, H. (2021). &#8216;We have to make the tourists happy&#8217;; orphanage tourism in Siem Reap, Cambodia through the children&#8217;s own voices. <em>Children&#8217;s Geographies</em>, <em>20</em>(1), 51&#8211;63. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2021.1913481. </p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>All information in this paragraph taken from: Higgins-Desbiolles, F., Scheyvens, R. A., &amp; Bhatia, B. (2022). Decolonising Tourism and Development: From Orphanage Tourism to Community Empowerment in Cambodia. <em>Journal of Sustainable Tourism</em>, <em>31</em>(12), 2788&#8211;2808. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2022.2039678">https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2022.2039678</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Miller &amp; Beazley, 2021.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Aside from footnote 2, all other information in this paragraph is taken from Higgins-Desbiolles et al. (see above).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Ibid.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Information and communication technology.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>For children typically aged 16 to 25 leaving foster care.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-8" href="#footnote-anchor-8" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">8</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>This information about the Village Hives are taken from CCT&#8217;s website. To learn more, visit<a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive/"> Village Hive (2024) - Cambodian Children&#8217;s Trust</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-9" href="#footnote-anchor-9" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">9</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Mona Nikidehaghani and Freda Hui-Truscott, 2024. Localisation of Humanitarian Aid: A Case Study of Sustainable Development in Cambodia. AABFJ Volume 18, Issue 1.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-10" href="#footnote-anchor-10" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">10</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Numbers listed on CCT&#8217;s website, at <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive/">https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive/</a>. Retrieved 29 December 2025. A study by Charles Darwin University is currently underway to independently evaluate the Hive&#8217;s impact on communities.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-11" href="#footnote-anchor-11" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">11</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>More information about the way CCT is handling corruption can be found on CCT&#8217;s website: <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive/the-process/">The Process - Cambodian Children&#8217;s Trust.</a></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-12" href="#footnote-anchor-12" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">12</a><div class="footnote-content"><p><sup> </sup>Hui-Truscott, F., &amp; Nikidehaghani, M. (2024). Evaluating the localisation of the Village Hive Project: A Case Study in Cambodia. Wollongong; University of Wollongong Australia.</p><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Au Cambodge, un modèle communautaire transforme la protection de l’enfance]]></title><description><![CDATA[Faut-il tout un village pour prot&#233;ger un enfant?]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/au-cambodge-un-modele-communautaire</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/au-cambodge-un-modele-communautaire</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Bethany Hansel]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 08 Jan 2026 10:41:34 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg" width="1456" height="971" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:971,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:13033670,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/183848247?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!L4Fh!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F88267061-1c86-4fa3-80c4-4491a8d525c1_6240x4160.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Une m&#232;re et sa fille dans l&#8217;une des Ruches Villageoises. Photo: Cambodian Children&#8217;s Trust.</figcaption></figure></div><p><em>Une transformation majeure est en cours dans le syst&#232;me de protection sociale du Cambodge. Une initiative locale d&#8217;abord pens&#233;e pour emp&#234;cher les enfants d&#8217;&#234;tre plac&#233;s en orphelinat devient aujourd&#8217;hui le mod&#232;le national d&#8217;aide &#224; l&#8217;enfance et aux plus vuln&#233;rables, gr&#226;ce &#224; une approche communautaire qui red&#233;finit la prise en charge.</em></p><div><hr></div><p>Que faire lorsqu&#8217;une famille ne peut plus s&#8217;occuper de ses enfants ? <br><br>Pendant des d&#233;cennies, la solution &#233;tait l&#8217;orphelinat: une institution o&#249; des enfants sans soutien parental &#233;taient pris en charge par du personnel. Mais il devint progressivement &#233;vident que ces lieux sur-sollicit&#233;s et mal g&#233;r&#233;s nuisent au bien-&#234;tre des enfants, et de nombreux pays abandonn&#232;rent ce mod&#232;le au profit de syst&#232;mes fond&#233;s sur les familles et foyers d&#8217;accueil. <br><br>Dans les pays aux syst&#232;mes sociaux peu d&#233;velopp&#233;s, cependant, les orphelinats g&#233;r&#233;s par des associations restent une solution centrale. Au Cambodge, o&#249; environ <a href="https://www.adb.org/where-we-work/cambodia/poverty">une personne sur six</a> vit sous le seuil de pauvret&#233;, les familles incapables d&#8217;offrir &#224; leurs enfants une alimentation, des soins ou une &#233;ducation suffisants se tournent vers eux en dernier recours. </p><p>R&#233;sultat : 80 % des enfants vivant dans des orphelinats cambodgiens ne sont pas vraiment orphelins, mais des enfants dont les familles estiment ne pas pouvoir subvenir &#224; leurs besoins<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>.</p><p><strong>Un syst&#232;me de protection en crise</strong> <br>Au d&#233;but des ann&#233;es 2010, plusieurs <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/video/people-power/2012/6/27/cambodias-orphan-business">enqu&#234;tes</a> r&#233;v&#232;lent l&#8217;ampleur de la supercherie des orphelinats au Cambodge. Il s&#8217;av&#232;re en effet que beaucoup exploitent les enfants &#224; des fins lucratives, port&#233;s par l&#8217;essor du &#8216;<a href="https://plus.lapresse.ca/screens/98b8c227-78a9-4bb8-8071-77c6d0570f59__7C__I2rIIq53D6k0.html">volontourisme</a>&#8217;.</p><p>Ce ph&#233;nom&#232;ne, apparu dans les ann&#233;es 2000, gagne rapidement en popularit&#233; aupr&#232;s de riches touristes et jeunes b&#233;n&#233;voles internationaux. S&#233;duits par le &#8216;<a href="https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceculture/comment-le-volontourisme-perpetue-le-syndrome-du-white-saviour-6008902">syndrome du sauveur blanc</a>&#8216;, ils se rendent dans des pays en d&#233;veloppement en qu&#234;te d&#8217;une exp&#233;rience de volontariat &#8216;feel-good&#8217;, ignorant (ou ne s&#8217;en souciant que peu) qu&#8217;ils alimentent une v&#233;ritable &#8216;industrie de l&#8217;orphelin&#8217;.<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a></p><p>Entre 2005 et 2015, le nombre d&#8217;orphelinats au Cambodge augmente de plus de 60 %. Les enfants sont parfois &#8220;recrut&#233;s ou kidnapp&#233;s pour r&#233;pondre &#224; la demande d&#8217;orphelins&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a>, et maintenus en mauvaise sant&#233;, dans des conditions pr&#233;caires ou sous-aliment&#233;s pour susciter davantage de piti&#233; &#8211; et donc de dons. Les orphelinats, cens&#233;s prot&#233;ger les enfants vuln&#233;rables, &#233;taient devenus des machines &#224; profit, avec les enfants comme marchandises<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>.</p><p>Face &#224; cette crise, le gouvernement cambodgien s&#8217;est engag&#233; publiquement en 2017 &#224; fermer tous les orphelinats et &#224; basculer vers un mod&#232;le de prise en charge familiale et communautaire.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute travaille &#224; faire du soin une priorit&#233; &#8212; dans nos vies, dans les d&#233;cisions politiques, dans l&#8217;organisation de la soci&#233;t&#233;. Abonnez-vous pour suivre notre travail.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Pourtant, jusqu&#8217;&#224; r&#233;cemment, ces efforts &#233;taient largement rest&#233;s vains. Pour les acteurs de terrain, la solution &#233;tait superficielle : elle ne s&#8217;attaquait pas aux causes profondes qui poussent les enfants vers les orphelinats. Fermer ces &#233;tablissements sans syst&#232;me de protection formel pour assurer la s&#233;curit&#233; des enfants revenait &#224; les renvoyer vers la pauvret&#233; &#8211; les exposant de nouveau aux risques de trafic, de travail forc&#233;, de mariage pr&#233;coce, de prostitution ou d&#8217;autres formes d&#8217;exploitation<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a>.</p><p>Mais en juin 2025, tout a chang&#233;. Inspir&#233; par une initiative locale de protection sociale d&#233;velopp&#233;e dans la province de Battambang, le gouvernement a adopt&#233; le mod&#232;le des &#8216;<em>Ruches villageoises&#8217;</em> comme cadre national de protection de l&#8217;enfance.</p><p><strong>Le mod&#232;le</strong><br>Imagin&#233; par le <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/">Cambodian Children&#8217;s Trust</a> (CCT), un ancien orphelinat devenu ONG pour l&#8217;enfance, le mod&#232;le des Ruches villageoises (<a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive/">Village Hive Model</a>) propose une approche transformatrice de protection sociale ancr&#233;e dans les communaut&#233;s locales. Structur&#233; en trois niveaux, il vise &#224; &#233;radiquer &#224; la fois la pauvret&#233; et la d&#233;pendance &#224; l&#8217;aide internationale.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ie9W!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ie9W!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ie9W!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ie9W!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ie9W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ie9W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png" width="1004" height="757" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:757,&quot;width&quot;:1004,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:244383,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/183848247?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ie9W!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ie9W!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ie9W!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!Ie9W!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F899eb24f-47ff-48e3-9d75-7929759c80e6_1004x757.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p><em>Niveau 1 : La pr&#233;vention universelle </em><br>La base des Ruches consiste &#224; renforcer les services publics, comme les &#233;coles et les centres de sant&#233;, pour en garantir l&#8217;acc&#232;s universel. Ces services essentiels am&#233;liorent le bien-&#234;tre et le niveau de vie de chaque famille du village.</p><p>Pour favoriser l&#8217;autonomie locale, le programme propose au personnel des &#233;coles et des cliniques d&#8217;identifier leurs propres forces et besoins. Le r&#244;le du CCT se limite alors &#224; fournir ce qui est demand&#233; &#8211; une approche non-directive rare pour une ONG.</p><p>Les Ruches investissent dans les infrastructures de sant&#233; en approvisionnant les centres en mat&#233;riel essentiel, en assurant des locaux propres, fonctionnels et accessibles, et en soutenant le corps m&#233;dical gr&#226;ce &#224; des formations et du personnel suppl&#233;mentaire. Les &#233;tablissements locaux sont ainsi mieux arm&#233;s pour pr&#233;venir les maladies et g&#233;rer les affections aigu&#235;s ou chroniques.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q2yO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q2yO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q2yO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q2yO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q2yO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q2yO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg" width="1456" height="660" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:660,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1011353,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/183848247?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q2yO!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q2yO!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q2yO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!q2yO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F7d60b96b-b145-4cfb-abf2-94755e408bf9_2560x1160.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Les quatre &#233;tapes de la restructuration des syst&#232;mes de sant&#233; locaux.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Dans les &#233;coles, les Ruches veillent &#224; ce que les locaux et les programmes soient de qualit&#233;. Elles proposent aux enseignants du soutien humain, du mat&#233;riel, et des formations en p&#233;dagogie, en litt&#233;ratie num&#233;rique, en protection de l&#8217;enfance et en gestion positive des comportements. </p><p>Le mod&#232;le permet aussi aux &#233;l&#232;ves de participer &#224; des activit&#233;s extrascolaires, des cours de comp&#233;tences pratiques ou du soutien scolaire. L&#8217;objectif : cr&#233;er un syst&#232;me &#233;ducatif public o&#249; chaque enfant peut s&#8217;&#233;panouir dans un environnement s&#251;r et stimulant.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Nd4!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Nd4!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Nd4!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Nd4!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Nd4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Nd4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg" width="1456" height="672" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:672,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:1005448,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/jpeg&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/183848247?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Nd4!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Nd4!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Nd4!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!4Nd4!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F4cc76c44-a40d-4c6c-aa1b-7bd08912d416_2560x1182.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Les quatre &#233;tapes de l&#8217;am&#233;lioration du syst&#232;me &#233;ducatif.</figcaption></figure></div><p>Ensemble, ces mesures visent &#224; pr&#233;parer les enfants, les familles et les communaut&#233;s &#224; s&#8217;&#233;panouir sur le long terme.</p><p><em>Niveau 2 : L&#8217;intervention pr&#233;coce </em><br>Une fois les services publics de base en place, les Ruches mettent en &#339;uvre un syst&#232;me d&#8217;intervention pr&#233;coce pour s&#8217;attaquer &#224; la pauvret&#233; &#224; la racine. Des travailleurs sociaux accompagnent les familles &#224; risque dans un parcours en six &#233;tapes vers l&#8217;autonomie financi&#232;re.</p><p>Ce parcours commence par un audit complet de leurs besoins de base, de leurs revenus et d&#233;penses mensuels. Cela permet de les orienter vers les services publics adapt&#233;s, de leur proposer des formations en gestion financi&#232;re, de calculer une aide temporaire et de les aider &#224; fixer un objectif &#233;conomique. Les assistants sociaux aident ensuite les familles &#224; &#233;laborer un business plan pour leur activit&#233; familiale ou &#224; trouver un emploi, tout en assurant un suivi des objectifs.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m0mf!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m0mf!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m0mf!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m0mf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m0mf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m0mf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png" width="1456" height="396" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:396,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:312393,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;image/png&quot;,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/i/183848247?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png&quot;,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m0mf!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m0mf!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m0mf!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!m0mf!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F67442200-2c76-455f-8eca-88ebf3c65074_1606x437.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>La pauvret&#233; &#233;tant &#224; l&#8217;origine de nombreux probl&#232;mes locaux (s&#233;paration familiale, travail forc&#233; et trafic d&#8217;enfants), ce soutien donne aux familles les outils pour passer d&#8217;une logique de survie au jour le jour &#224; une stabilit&#233; durable. En gagnant en autonomie financi&#232;re, elles d&#233;pendent moins des associations caritatives et peuvent mieux soutenir leurs enfants, r&#233;duisant ainsi les risques d&#8217;exploitation.</p><p><em>Niveau 3 : La r&#233;ponse aux crises </em><br>Avec ces syst&#232;mes de pr&#233;vention et d&#8217;intervention pr&#233;coce en place, moins de familles atteignent le stade de la crise. Les services d&#8217;urgence, moins sollicit&#233;s, peuvent alors agir plus efficacement.</p><p>En cas de signalement d&#8217;abus, de n&#233;gligence, ou d&#8217;autres risques majeurs pour les enfants, les Ruches disposent d&#8217;une gamme de services : ligne d&#8217;urgence 24h/24, psychologues, h&#233;bergement d&#8217;urgence, placement en famille &#233;largie, soutien aux jeunes sortant de la prise en charge, r&#233;int&#233;gration familiale, groupes de soutien contre les addictions et aide en cas de sinistre.</p><p>Lorsque les travailleurs sociaux estiment qu&#8217;un enfant n&#8217;est pas en s&#233;curit&#233; avec ses parents, ils explorent d&#8217;abord les solutions au sein de la famille &#233;largie ou du cercle proche avant d&#8217;envisager un placement en famille d&#8217;accueil. Les personnes sollicit&#233;es re&#231;oivent une formation en protection de l&#8217;enfance et un soutien financier pour offrir un foyer s&#251;r et sain. Un accompagnement psychologique est &#233;galement propos&#233; &#224; l&#8217;enfant et &#224; sa famille pour les aider &#224; surmonter leurs difficult&#233;s<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M7tW!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc5b6c2b8-8c1e-4344-9df8-e1cf4885c777_995x837.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M7tW!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc5b6c2b8-8c1e-4344-9df8-e1cf4885c777_995x837.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M7tW!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc5b6c2b8-8c1e-4344-9df8-e1cf4885c777_995x837.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M7tW!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc5b6c2b8-8c1e-4344-9df8-e1cf4885c777_995x837.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M7tW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc5b6c2b8-8c1e-4344-9df8-e1cf4885c777_995x837.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!M7tW!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc5b6c2b8-8c1e-4344-9df8-e1cf4885c777_995x837.png" width="995" height="837" 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class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption"><em>Un r&#233;seau interconnect&#233; o&#249; chacun a un r&#244;le &#224; jouer. <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive-2021/networks/">&#169;CCT</a>.</em></figcaption></figure></div><p><strong>Autonomiser les communaut&#233;s </strong><br>La construction des Ruches a commenc&#233; par des ateliers de &#8220;co-cr&#233;ation&#8221; dans chaque communaut&#233; de Battambang, r&#233;unissant leaders locaux, fonctionnaires et autres acteurs pour identifier les enjeux de protection de l&#8217;enfance et imaginer des solutions. Depuis ces premi&#232;res r&#233;flexions, des ateliers de co-conception continuent de faire &#233;voluer le mod&#232;le.</p><p><em>&#8220;Je n&#8217;ai jamais vu une ONG travailler comme le CCT. Les Ruches villageoises sont aussi innovantes que les astronautes de la mission Apollo&#8221;</em>, <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/18899-CCT-Annual-Report-2024-DIGITAL-FA97.pdf">d&#233;clare</a> Hak Chanley, directeur adjoint du minist&#232;re cambodgien des Affaires sociales, des Anciens combattants et de la Jeunesse. <em>&#8220;J&#8217;ai vu les chefs de commune, les leaders locaux, le gouvernement et le CCT travailler ensemble. Tout le monde partage le m&#234;me objectif : soutenir les familles en difficult&#233; jusqu&#8217;&#224; ce qu&#8217;elles n&#8217;en aient plus.&#8221;</em></p><p>Les cambodgiens ont longtemps &#233;t&#233; priv&#233;s de cette capacit&#233; &#224; d&#233;finir et &#224; mettre en &#339;uvre leurs propres solutions. Dans les ann&#233;es 1970, le r&#233;gime g&#233;nocidaire des Khmers rouges a <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0962629815000980">r&#233;duit &#224; n&#233;ant</a> les infrastructures sociales et de sant&#233; du pays, laissant &#224; des ONG internationales le r&#244;le de combler les lacunes. Bien que la plupart de ces organisations aient agi avec de bonnes intentions, elles ont cr&#233;&#233; un syst&#232;me national qui d&#233;pend de fonds &#233;trangers pour ses services essentiels.</p><p>Pendant des d&#233;cennies, cette m&#233;canique a priv&#233; les locaux de leadership et d&#8217;autonomie, les rendant d&#233;pendants d&#8217;acteurs ext&#233;rieurs pour d&#233;finir leurs probl&#232;mes et leurs solutions &#8211; rarement durables ou ancr&#233;es dans le contexte local.</p><p><em>&#8220;Nous voulons initier un mouvement pour transf&#233;rer le pouvoir des ONG vers les communaut&#233;s locales&#8221;</em>, <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/16717-CCT-2022-Annual-Report-FA-WEB.pdf">explique</a> Pon Jedtha, cofondateur et directeur national du CCT. <em>&#8220;Plut&#244;t que dans le secteur priv&#233;, o&#249; elles gardent un contr&#244;le total, nous voulons voir les ONG investir dans le secteur public, en utilisant leurs fonds venant du monde entier pour renforcer les services publics, en confiant aux communaut&#233;s les cl&#233;s de leur propre avenir.&#8221;</em></p><p>Le parcours du CCT vers cette philosophie n&#8217;a pas &#233;t&#233; lin&#233;aire. Pon Jedtha et sa cofondatrice <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/tara-winkler-a85b0620a/?originalSubdomain=kh">Tara Winkler</a> avaient d&#8217;abord mont&#233; un orphelinat en 2007, avant de le restructurer en r&#233;alisant que la plupart des enfants accueillis n&#8217;&#233;taient pas orphelins. Depuis, l&#8217;organisation n&#8217;a cess&#233; d&#8217;apprendre et de s&#8217;adapter aux besoins r&#233;els des communaut&#233;s.</p><p><em>&#8220;En 2019, nous avons compris que nous &#233;tions dans une impasse. Si le CCT continuait sur la m&#234;me voie, Battambang d&#233;pendrait &#233;ternellement de nous pour ses services essentiels&#8221;</em>, <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/CCT-2023-Annual-Impact-Report.pdf">raconte</a> Jedtha. <em>&#8220;Nous m&#233;ritons une communaut&#233; capable de se prendre en charge et de s&#8217;occuper de ses membres. Nos enfants, et les enfants de nos enfants, devraient grandir en sachant qu&#8217;ils peuvent compter sur une communaut&#233; bien pourvue.&#8221;</em></p><p><strong>Se rendre superflus</strong><br>Cette prise de conscience explique pourquoi l&#8217;un des principes centraux de l&#8217;organisation est sa strat&#233;gie de sortie.</p><p>C&#8217;est un paradoxe auquel beaucoup d&#8217;ONG sont confront&#233;es : si elles r&#233;solvent vraiment les probl&#232;mes qu&#8217;elles traitent, elles deviennent inutiles. L&#224; o&#249; la plupart des organisations &#233;vitent d&#8217;y r&#233;fl&#233;chir, le CCT a fait de l&#8217;obsolescence le c&#339;ur de sa mission. Comme <a href="https://aidnetwork.org.au/rethinking-localisation-beyond-the-illusion/">l&#8217;explique</a> Winkler :</p><p><em>&#8220;Le secteur du d&#233;veloppement international a &#233;t&#233; construit sur une logique d&#8217;empire, o&#249; les organisations d&#233;veloppent leurs propres marques, programmes et infrastructures en parall&#232;le des syst&#232;mes publics. Pour s&#8217;attaquer aux causes profondes des probl&#232;mes dans le Sud global, il faut que ces m&#234;mes organisations renoncent aux structures qui perp&#233;tuent leur existence.</em></p><p><em>C&#8217;est inconfortable, car cela signifie perdre la capacit&#233; de dire : &#8216;C&#8217;est notre &#233;cole, notre centre, notre programme.&#8217; Pourtant, cette perte de propri&#233;t&#233; est pr&#233;cis&#233;ment le but. Quand les projets s&#8217;int&#232;grent parfaitement aux syst&#232;mes publics, le logo peut s&#8217;effacer, mais ce qui reste est bien plus puissant : une solution durable, que s&#8217;approprie la communaut&#233; elle-m&#234;me.&#8221;</em></p><p>Le CCT esp&#232;re se rendre obsol&#232;te d&#8217;ici 2032, remplac&#233; par des Ruches villageoises pleinement fonctionnelles et autonomes. Cela signifierait que les communaut&#233;s ont pris en main leurs propres services de protection sociale, r&#233;solvant les probl&#232;mes au fur et &#224; mesure et mettant en &#339;uvre des solutions locales et p&#233;rennes.</p><p>Et ils ont bien avanc&#233;. Pour favoriser cet ancrage local, CCT a aujourd&#8217;hui une &#233;quipe dirigeante 100 % khm&#232;re et mis en place une politique garantissant l&#8217;&#233;galit&#233; salariale entre employ&#233;s locaux et expatri&#233;s. Cette politique stipule aussi que le CCT ne peut embaucher d&#8217;expatri&#233;s que si leur expertise n&#8217;est pas disponible localement<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a>. R&#233;sultat : il n&#8217;y a plus eu d&#8217;employ&#233;s expatri&#233;s au CCT depuis cinq ans.</p><p>Depuis leur lancement en 2019, les Ruches ont eu un impact consid&#233;rable. Selon les donn&#233;es du CCT, les familles ont augment&#233; leurs revenus de 142 %, r&#233;duit leur endettement de 61 % et continuent de prosp&#233;rer ind&#233;pendamment apr&#232;s avoir termin&#233; le parcours d&#8217;intervention pr&#233;coce<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-8" href="#footnote-8" target="_self">8</a>.</p><p>En 2024, les Ruches soutenaient plus de 50 000 personnes dans trois communes et 18 villages de la province de Battambang. Le CCT pr&#233;voit d&#8217;&#233;tendre le mod&#232;le &#224; l&#8217;ensemble des dix communes et 62 villages du district d&#8217;ici 2032. Et avec son adoption r&#233;cente par le gouvernement national, leur port&#233;e et leur impact ne feront que cro&#238;tre.</p><p><em>&#8220;Dans le futur, nous pr&#233;voyons d&#8217;&#233;tendre les Ruches villageoises aux 25 provinces du pays et &#224; la capitale&#8221;</em>, <a href="https://www.instagram.com/reels/DRGKs2fE4_S/">explique</a> Siem Sopheak Votey, directrice des Affaires familiales au minist&#232;re des Affaires sociales. <em>&#8220;Nous voulons que les partenaires provinciaux, communaux et les ONG les mettent en &#339;uvre ensemble pour cr&#233;er un syst&#232;me coh&#233;rent qui s&#8217;attaque aux causes profondes de la pauvret&#233;.&#8221;</em></p><p><strong>Reb&#226;tir la confiance</strong> <br>L&#8217;une des principales inqui&#233;tudes concernant le passage &#224; un mod&#232;le communautaire et l&#8217;int&#233;gration des Ruches dans le syst&#232;me public est la corruption gouvernementale. En 2024, le Cambodge se <a href="https://www.transparency.org/en/countries/cambodia">classait</a> 158e sur 180 pays &#224; l&#8217;Indice de perception de la corruption, l&#8217;un des pires au monde. Cette situation &#233;rode la confiance des donateurs dans les institutions publiques du pays.</p><p>Des Ruches durables et int&#233;gr&#233;es au secteur public n&#233;cessitent une confiance et une coop&#233;ration fluides entre toutes les parties prenantes. C&#8217;est pourquoi le CCT lutte frontalement contre la corruption, avec des politiques strictes, des rapports r&#233;guliers, des formations et des forums de discussion pour &#233;valuer les progr&#232;s et trouver des solutions.</p><p><em>&#8220;Il existe une id&#233;e profond&#233;ment ancr&#233;e selon laquelle les communaut&#233;s du Sud global ne peuvent pas g&#233;rer leurs propres affaires. Mais la corruption n&#8217;est pas un probl&#232;me insurmontable &#8211; elle n&#8217;est pas inh&#233;rente &#224; la culture ou au caract&#232;re des gens. La corruption est simplement le sympt&#244;me d&#8217;un syst&#232;me d&#233;faillant&#8221;</em>, <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/18899-CCT-Annual-Report-2024-DIGITAL-FA97.pdf">affirme</a> Tara Winkler. <em>&#8220;Nous prouvons qu&#8217;avec les bons contr&#244;les et beaucoup de transparence, nous pouvons surmonter ces pr&#233;occupations.&#8221;</em></p><p>Ces efforts portent leurs fruits : la plupart des participants <a href="https://documents.uow.edu.au/content/groups/public/@web/@bus/documents/doc/uow278172.pdf">rapportent</a> une am&#233;lioration de la redevabilit&#233; et une r&#233;duction de la corruption. Les leaders locaux soulignent aussi un meilleur fonctionnement des relations entre gouvernements et communaut&#233;s.</p><p><em>&#8220;Les Ruches villageoises ont favoris&#233; l&#8217;inclusion et encourag&#233; un meilleur engagement entre la communaut&#233; et le gouvernement local&#8221;</em>, <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/18899-CCT-Annual-Report-2024-DIGITAL-FA97.pdf">t&#233;moigne</a> Chea Vibol, du Conseil communal de Ou Char. <em>&#8220;Les gouvernements locaux sont devenus plus r&#233;actifs aux besoins des communaut&#233;s, &#233;coutant activement les retours et prenant des d&#233;cisions &#233;quitables qui refl&#232;tent les meilleurs int&#233;r&#234;ts de notre peuple.&#8221;</em></p><p><strong>Financer le changement syst&#233;mique</strong> <br>Si la corruption est un obstacle majeur, ce n&#8217;est pas le seul frein au financement des Ruches. La complexit&#233; et la nature &#224; long terme du projet d&#233;concertent souvent les donateurs, habitu&#233;s &#224; des visions claires et des r&#233;sultats imm&#233;diats.</p><p><em>&#8220;Le changement syst&#233;mique prend du temps, et il n&#8217;est pas toujours facile &#224; expliquer. C&#8217;&#233;tait bien plus simple pour le CCT de lever des fonds quand nous &#233;tions un orphelinat !&#8221;</em>, nous confie Keir Drinnan, directeur g&#233;n&#233;ral de CCT Australie, une antenne qui apporte un soutien financier et strat&#233;gique aux Ruches.</p><p>Historiquement, le CCT a surtout mobilis&#233; des donateurs internationaux pour financer ses projets. Mais des Ruches durables et int&#233;gr&#233;es au secteur public n&#233;cessitent un soutien de l&#8217;&#201;tat &#8211; ce qui s&#8217;est av&#233;r&#233; difficile &#224; obtenir. Un manque de compr&#233;hension par le public de l&#8217;approche de CCT complique la collaboration avec les communaut&#233;s et la pr&#233;sentation du projet aux responsables gouvernementaux, qui peinent parfois &#224; en saisir la vision.</p><p>Pourtant, le CCT continue de d&#233;montrer l&#8217;impact concret du mod&#232;le. Pour eux, des communaut&#233;s autonomes o&#249; chaque membre re&#231;oit les soins n&#233;cessaires pour s&#8217;&#233;panouir est une vision qui m&#233;rite d&#8217;&#234;tre d&#233;fendue. Et malgr&#233; les d&#233;fis initiaux, le gouvernement cambodgien contribue d&#233;sormais au financement du projet, marquant une &#233;tape majeure vers la p&#233;rennit&#233; des Ruches &#8211; et la dissolution de CCT<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-9" href="#footnote-9" target="_self">9</a>.</p><p><strong>La localisation &#224; l&#8217;&#233;chelle mondiale ?</strong> <br>Le contexte local est au c&#339;ur des Ruches. Leur essence m&#234;me est d&#8217;&#234;tre con&#231;ues par les Cambodgiens, pour les Cambodgiens. Mais cela ne signifie pas que leur cadre communautaire ne peut s&#8217;appliquer ailleurs. Pour le CCT, la &#8216;localisation&#8217; doit &#234;tre la base de tout changement syst&#233;mique.</p><p><em>&#8220;Au fond, la localisation est une question de pouvoir : qui contr&#244;le et qui d&#233;cide&#8221;</em>, <a href="https://aidnetwork.org.au/rethinking-localisation-beyond-the-illusion/">souligne</a> Winkler. <em>&#8220;Le pouvoir ne change vraiment de mains que lorsqu&#8217;il quitte l&#8217;orbite des ONG et donateurs &#233;trangers. La seule fa&#231;on de cr&#233;er un changement durable est de construire des services sociaux robustes au sein du syst&#232;me public, o&#249; le contr&#244;le est intrins&#232;quement local.&#8221;</em></p><p>Ainsi, si les caract&#233;ristiques sp&#233;cifiques des Ruches ne sont pas transposables telles quelles, leurs principes fondamentaux le sont.</p><p>Les Ruches villageoises con&#231;oivent le &#8216;prendre soin&#8217; comme une responsabilit&#233; profond&#233;ment collective, un processus de co-cr&#233;ation et de co&#233;volution. Leur syst&#232;me complexe et interconnect&#233; reconna&#238;t que les probl&#232;mes que nos syst&#232;mes de soin tentent de r&#233;soudre sont inextricablement li&#233;s les uns aux autres, et n&#233;cessitent donc une approche holistique.</p><p>Le mod&#232;le montre qu&#8217;un &#8216;prendre soin&#8217; efficace fonctionne depuis le centre vers l&#8217;ext&#233;rieur. Un syst&#232;me o&#249; chaque membre a ses besoins imm&#233;diats combl&#233;s <em>et</em> dispose des moyens de s&#8217;&#233;panouir durablement exige l&#8217;implication active des communaut&#233;s.</p><p>&#192; l&#8217;&#233;chelle globale, cela signifie que les communaut&#233;s ont du pouvoir, celui de faire valoir les perspectives locales dans la politique nationale. Gouvernements et ONG doivent leur faire confiance pour mener leur propre changement. </p><p>Quant &#224; chacun d&#8217;entre nous, cela implique d&#8217;ancrer notre pratique du soin dans nos propres communaut&#233;s, dans nos interactions quotidiennes, avant de pouvoir construire tout ce qui en d&#233;coule.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Merci d&#8217;avoir lu cet article. Aidez-nous &#224; construire une soci&#233;t&#233; du &#8216;prendre soin&#8217; en faisant un don en vous abonnant.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p><em>N.B: Si vous souhaitez recevoir directement les articles en fran&#231;ais de The Fifth Wave Institute, vous pouvez vous d&#233;sabonner de la newsletter principale et vous abonner &#224; celle en fran&#231;ais en vous rendant sur <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/">fifthwaveinstitute.com</a> dans la rubrique &#8216;G&#233;rer mon abonnement&#8217;.</em> </p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Miller, A., &amp; Beazley, H. (2021). &#8216;We have to make the tourists happy&#8217;; orphanage tourism in Siem Reap, Cambodia through the children&#8217;s own voices. <em>Children&#8217;s Geographies</em>, <em>20</em>(1), 51&#8211;63.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Higgins-Desbiolles, F., Scheyvens, R. A., &amp; Bhatia, B. (2022). Decolonising Tourism and Development: From Orphanage Tourism to Community Empowerment in Cambodia. <em>Journal of Sustainable Tourism</em>, <em>31</em>(12), 2788&#8211;2808. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2022.2039678">https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2022.2039678</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Miller &amp; Beazley, 2021.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Higgins-Desbiolles et al., 2022. </p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Ibid.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Ces informations concernant les Ruches sont issues du site de CCT. Pour en savoir plus, rendez-vous sur <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive/">Village Hive (2024) - Cambodian Children&#8217;s Trust</a>.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Mona Nikidehaghani and Freda Hui-Truscott, 2024. Localisation of Humanitarian Aid: A Case Study of Sustainable Development in Cambodia. AABFJ Volume 18, Issue 1.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-8" href="#footnote-anchor-8" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">8</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Ces chiffres sont tir&#233;s du site de CCT, <a href="https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive/">https://cambodianchildrenstrust.org/village-hive/</a>. Une &#233;tude de l&#8217;universit&#233; Charles Darwin est en cours pour &#233;valuer de mani&#232;re ind&#233;pendante l&#8217;impact des Ruches sur les communaut&#233;s.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-9" href="#footnote-anchor-9" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">9</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Hui-Truscott, F., &amp; Nikidehaghani, M. (2024). Evaluating the localisation of the Village Hive Project: A Case Study in Cambodia. Wollongong; University of Wollongong Australia.</p><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Are today’s dads feminist?]]></title><description><![CDATA[And if not, what&#8217;s stopping them? | Interview with sociologists Marine Quennehen and Myriam Chatot.]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/are-todays-dads-feminist</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/are-todays-dads-feminist</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 18 Dec 2025 08:54:43 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cEbT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45c7035-6c4f-41eb-994d-a4e3b48556e2_1600x1205.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong>Lire cet article en fran&#231;ais:</strong></p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;344d35a1-f026-4398-ab00-99fda6712b3c&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;Les p&#232;res d'aujourd'hui sont-ils f&#233;ministes?&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;I'm building The Fifth Wave Institute, a think tank working towards a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-18T07:51:15.127Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e4YU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2d3d3af-71f8-4d63-97a8-f57914a2f9e4_1600x1205.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/les-peres-daujourdhui-sont-ils-feministes&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais &#127467;&#127479;&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:181894503,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cEbT!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45c7035-6c4f-41eb-994d-a4e3b48556e2_1600x1205.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" 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src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cEbT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45c7035-6c4f-41eb-994d-a4e3b48556e2_1600x1205.jpeg" width="1456" height="1097" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e45c7035-6c4f-41eb-994d-a4e3b48556e2_1600x1205.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:1097,&quot;width&quot;:1456,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:null,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cEbT!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45c7035-6c4f-41eb-994d-a4e3b48556e2_1600x1205.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cEbT!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45c7035-6c4f-41eb-994d-a4e3b48556e2_1600x1205.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cEbT!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45c7035-6c4f-41eb-994d-a4e3b48556e2_1600x1205.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cEbT!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe45c7035-6c4f-41eb-994d-a4e3b48556e2_1600x1205.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">&#169;Lawrence Crayton/Unsplash.</figcaption></figure></div><div><hr></div><p><em>Myriam Chatot is a sociologist working on family, gender, and health, affiliated with the <a href="https://www.centre-max-weber.fr/">Centre Max Weber</a> in Lyon. Marine Quennehen is a sociologist focusing on family, gender, and prison, based at the <a href="https://www.uclouvain.be/fr/cirfase">Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Families and Sexualities</a> at the Catholic University of Louvain.</em></p><p><em>Their book, &#8220;Being a feminist dad: mission impossible?&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>, presents a central observation: there is a disconnect between perceived changes in how involved modern dads are, and a reality that remains deeply unequal.</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a></p><p><em>That disconnect stems partly from shifting reference points. Men compare themselves to their own fathers, relative to whom they are indeed much more present. But sociologists, feminists, and many women measure fathers&#8217; involvement against that of mothers &#8211; who still bear the bulk of family responsibilities.</em></p><p><em>How can we acknowledge the efforts being made without obscuring the work that remains? Do the mainstream discourses around involved fatherhood strip it of its feminist content? Can institutions help us move beyond an exclusively two-person model of parenting? In this interview for The Fifth Wave Institute, the researchers reflect on the obstacles still standing in the way of true feminist fatherhood.</em></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>Despite talk of significant shifts in fatherhood, you note that the </strong><em><strong>time</strong></em><strong> fathers actually spend with their children hasn&#8217;t increased all that much. And even when it is more evenly distributed, qualitative studies reveal persistent knowledge gaps within couples &#8211; dads can be very </strong><em><strong>present </strong></em><strong>yet shoulder little to none of the mental load.</strong></p><p><strong>Should we move the debate away from the notion of &#8216;involved fatherhood&#8217; toward something more explicit, like &#8216;competent&#8217; or &#8216;capable fatherhood&#8217;?</strong></p><p><strong>Marine Quennehen:</strong> The question would quickly become who gets to define what a &#8220;capable&#8221; or &#8220;competent&#8221; father is. If men define themselves as such, we&#8217;re back to the same problem: they may be more capable than their grandfathers, but they&#8217;re not necessarily as capable as their partners.</p><p>We&#8217;d need to clarify expectations: as sociologist <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/publications-de-michele-ferrand--479?lang=fr">Mich&#232;le Ferrand</a> famously showed, being competent isn&#8217;t just about giving a bottle, but knowing the right amount of formula, how to wash, sterilise, and put away the bottle. Adding new categories without clear content risks leading to purely cosmetic change.</p><p><strong>Myriam Chatot:</strong> When I hear &#8220;capable father,&#8221; I think of autonomy. That&#8217;s what emerged from my interviews with fathers on full-time parental leave: being alone with their child forces them into responsibility and self-sufficiency. Each couple can then set its own standards as to what being autonomously capable looks like.</p><p>As we argue in the book, the norms of &#8220;good parenting&#8221; are shaped by institutions and the upper-middle class. The risk with &#8220;capable father&#8221; is therefore also that it could become another way to stigmatise working-class fathers.</p><p>Because if these fathers are deemed &#8220;not capable,&#8221; it implies they need re-education, that programs must be put in place &#8211; when in reality, their limited involvement often stems from lack of time, economic resources, or cultural capital.</p><p><strong>Marine Quennehen:</strong> The key is that fathers feel able to act, to care for a child without their partner&#8217;s oversight. The notion of autonomy helps confronts the reality of a fatherhood that happens mostly alongside the mother, the one really giving the instructions.</p><p><strong>The language of education comes up a lot in the book: the &#8220;bad student strategy&#8221; [</strong><em><strong>i.e., weaponised incompetence]</strong></em><strong>, women&#8217;s role as &#8220;transmitting parental knowledge&#8221;. There&#8217;s a kind of infantilization of men as attending &#8220;the school of parenting&#8221;.</strong></p><p><strong>Yet these same men routinely highlight their professional competence. They don&#8217;t see the contradiction between their infantilization at home and their autonomy at work. It&#8217;s a strange dissonance.</strong></p><p><strong>M.C.:</strong> It&#8217;s an inferiority that&#8217;s fully compatible with their masculinity because it&#8217;s tied to tasks themselves perceived as inferior.</p><p>A <a href="https://books.openedition.org/pul/10532?lang=fr#anchor-toc-1-3">study</a> from a few years ago on domestic chores in the military showed that these tasks were assigned to the lowest-ranking conscripts, those at the bottom of the hierarchy. When we had mandatory military service, that means we were teaching entire generations of young men that housework is degrading, uninteresting &#8211; and that it&#8217;s therefore only natural for women and those deemed inferior to be assigned to it.</p><p>So they understand there&#8217;s no prestige in these tasks. But this perception can also benefit men who <em>do</em> invest heavily in the private sphere: they are praised as heroes for caring about something others consider secondary.</p><p><strong>You write that some discourses &#8220;capitalise on fatherhood,&#8221; making the subject increasingly consensual while erasing its feminist political dimension. But at the same time, isn&#8217;t that the inevitable fate of any social movement: as it becomes more mainstream, it gets diluted? Isn&#8217;t it still a feminist victory, regardless of whether it&#8217;s acknowledged as such?</strong></p><p><strong>M.Q.:</strong> It&#8217;s always positive that fatherhood is gaining importance. But outside certain social circles, I&#8217;m pessimistic about how widespread this consensus really is. Looking at the comments under recent articles about our work&#8230; There&#8217;s still massive resistance. Even when attitudes do shift, men are reluctant to call themselves &#8220;feminist fathers&#8221; or even feminists. The word is seen as scary.</p><p>There <em>are</em> notable individual changes. Some fathers adjust their careers, have real conversations with their partners about equitable parenting. But at the macro level, deep change is much slower.</p><p><strong>M.C.:</strong> Feminist struggles have secured major victories in this respect, that&#8217;s undeniable. It&#8217;s now widely accepted that men should be more involved in the home. But what does &#8220;more&#8221; actually mean? That&#8217;s the question our book explores.</p><p><strong>It looks like politics also has that kind of &#8216;flattening&#8217; effect on the fight for equal parenting.</strong></p><p><strong>M.C.:</strong> Absolutely. One thing we don&#8217;t discuss in the book is the 2014 French parental leave reform, which reserved part of the allotted leave for the second parent. It was passed as part of the law on real equality between women and men, and hailed as a revolutionary measure that was going to change everything.</p><p>But when you look at parliamentary debates, the arguments revolved mostly around work. Supporters of the reform wanted to encourage women to return to the workforce earlier; opponents wanted to protect businesses and men&#8217;s role as breadwinners.</p><p>Either way, the well-being of parents and children, and factors that influence it like perinatal mental health, was barely considered. The central assumption was that both parents&#8217; primary commitment should always be work, and that nothing should disrupt the economic status quo.</p><p>And by the way, unlike the German reform which led to 20% of fathers taking leave from a prior 3%, the French version had <a href="https://ceet.cnam.fr/publications/connaissance-de-l-emploi/quels-enseignements-de-la-reforme-du-conge-parental-de-2015--1564781.kjsp?RH=1507126380703">negligible effects</a>.</p><div><hr></div><p>For more info on this reform, see The Fifth Wave Institute&#8217;s analysis of why it failed:</p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;4edd3b7e-7d38-4ef3-9d33-a9160f8588c7&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;A French lesson in paternity leave&quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;I'm building The Fifth Wave Institute, a think tank working towards a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-07-23T15:23:54.426Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!s2SD!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F237d1a80-e036-4eb5-a444-8c5244122fb3_5000x3338.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/a-french-lesson-in-paternity-leave&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Parenting &amp; childhood&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:168934156,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:13,&quot;comment_count&quot;:3,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p><strong>The book notes that the perspectives of children themselves are often overlooked in discussions around parenting choices. You mention the case of a father who explained that his kids asked him to work less on Wednesdays, as he&#8217;d been given the option to; he replied that he couldn&#8217;t, or else they wouldn&#8217;t be able to go skiing or to sailing camp.</strong></p><p><strong>But at no point did he ask them whether </strong><em><strong>they&#8217;d</strong></em><strong> prefer spending Wednesday afternoons with their dad over an annual ski trip. The way these men articulate it, fatherhood often comes across more as a social role &#8211; a checklist of duties and tasks &#8211; than as the construction of real relationships with individual children.</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a></p><p><strong>M.Q.:</strong> This came up clearly in my research on pilots and flight attendants. For men in these jobs, family is just one variable among many, far from a priority. They often see themselves as model fathers because their irregular schedules mean they&#8217;re home when others are working, and because they provide a high standard of living. They don&#8217;t realize what their prolonged absences mean for their children, for their marriage.</p><p>Female pilots and flight attendants, on the other hand, feel the weight of absence more acutely. They prepare everything ahead of their departure: meals, clothes, childcare, pick-ups and drop-offs; they choose flights around their children and to attend family events. Yet they&#8217;re accused of having &#8220;Disneyland jobs.&#8221; Their children complain that they don&#8217;t see them; school staff remark, &#8220;You look tired&#8221; or &#8220;We don&#8217;t see you much.&#8221;</p><p>They <em>embody</em> absence, while the father&#8217;s absence goes unquestioned. Their partners sometimes even weaponise the children&#8217;s words: &#8220;See, they&#8217;re sad when you&#8217;re not here.&#8221; Suddenly, the children&#8217;s perspective matters &#8211; but only to guilt-trip the mother.</p><p><strong>M.C.:</strong> There&#8217;s no secret: an interpersonal relationship develops with time, listening, attention, availability &#8211; care, in short. The more present fathers are &#8211; whether by choice or because they were made to by a shift in trajectory &#8211; the more they pay attention to their children as individuals.</p><p>I had one participant who was overwhelmed by work, on the brink of burnout. His wife threatened to leave him because she was equally exhausted. To reorganise his life and his availability and preserve his marriage, he changed jobs. Thanks to that, his perspective on fatherhood changed, too: he got to know his children better, learned more about their actual personalities. Today, he picks up his eldest from school, they chat, his son jumps in puddles on the way home; it&#8217;s an important moment of connection.</p><p><strong>This theme of an awakening after a crisis or &#8220;shift in trajectory&#8221; is a recurring one, both in the book and in cultural narratives. It&#8217;s that image of the father who realises &#8211; too late, after burnout, a fight, a divorce &#8211; that it wasn&#8217;t worth it, that he missed out on his children&#8217;s childhoods, that he asked too much of his wife.</strong></p><p><strong>How can we ensure it doesn&#8217;t take a crisis to spark this realisation?</strong></p><p><strong>M.C.:</strong> Unfortunately, these regrets are often seen as inevitable. I remember a <a href="https://www.unaf.fr/ressources/etre-pere-aujourdhui/">survey</a> a couple years ago that asked fathers of young children, &#8220;Do you feel you spend less time with your children than you&#8217;d like?&#8221; Nearly half said yes.</p><p>When asked whether this made them feel dissatisfaction, frustration, or guilt, dissatisfaction was most commonly picked, whereas mothers would be more likely to feel guilt. Many fathers feel trapped by their work arrangement and powerless to change it.</p><p>That said, it would help to have more transparent discussions about both the joys of fatherhood and its bitter regrets. In the book, we talk about fathers showing their joy at being dads, showing they&#8217;re present; one man told us, &#8216;Feminism has allowed us to be a truly happy couple&#8217;; others told me in interviews that they didn&#8217;t expect to love their children this much.</p><p>Sharing these stories is essential, and we also need more men to speak openly about what they <em>didn&#8217;t</em> do, how they could have done better &#8211; especially from older generations, for whom this feeling is widespread, to help younger generations avoid repeating their mistakes.</p><p><strong>M.Q.:</strong> When we asked men about who were their &#8220;go-to&#8221; people they could talk to about what it&#8217;s like to become a father, few could name any. The advice they got from their male relatives and friends was usually, &#8220;Don&#8217;t worry, you&#8217;ll figure it out as you go, don&#8217;t overthink it.&#8221; And maybe in a way that&#8217;s good advice! But when there&#8217;s an asymmetry, it means one person is doing all the worrying and thinking. They socialise each other into a kind of conscious passivity, avoiding real reflection or admitting difficulties.</p><p>We need to encourage men to question the deeper dimensions of fatherhood earlier &#8211; how it transforms their inner lives and relationships. Women are expected to talk about motherhood; it&#8217;s an experience that&#8217;s passed down across generations. But you rarely hear a father-in-law sharing his parenting experiences with his son-in-law or giving him advice.</p><p><strong>What would a truly transformative parental leave reform look like?</strong></p><p><strong>M.C.:</strong> Mandatory, well-paid, longer parental leave. A paternity leave aligned with maternity leave for essential co-presence early on, followed by staggered periods that can&#8217;t be taken simultaneously. As it stands, maternity leave still contributes to setting early asymmetries into stone.</p><p>With respect to work, we need to stop considering that it&#8217;s necessarily a person&#8217;s primary organisational concern &#8211; not everything has to be organised around work, work could also be organised around other areas of life. And we need to stop treating parenthood like a hobby you have to apologize for to your employer.</p><p><strong>M.Q.:</strong> And beyond the focus on the parental couple, there&#8217;s a huge urban planning challenge to rethink our modes of living and inch towards more collective spaces.</p><p>Our current spaces aren&#8217;t designed for children to move around independently, to be autonomous; commute times can be long, communities are spread out. Relying on other parents or family is harder when people live far apart, but it can lighten the load and give children a network of support and role models. We need to move away from the idea that child-rearing rests solely on two people.</p><p><strong>The risk is that even the work of maintaining community-based models tends to fall to women. Some people advocate for introducing &#8220;grandmother leave,&#8221; for example, without realizing that they&#8217;re still assigning all care work to women, just of a different generation.</strong></p><p><strong>M.Q.:</strong> Exactly. We have to ask: who sustains the village? And we need to adapt institutions to this new paradigm. I&#8217;ve heard from fathers who had to insist and argue with daycares to be listed as equal contacts on their children&#8217;s files. Some couples create shared email addresses, because we&#8217;re not used to sending child-related information to two people. But we have to ensure the shared address doesn&#8217;t by default become the mother&#8217;s.</p><p><strong>M.C.:</strong> Systematically informing fathers could also help working-class men who can&#8217;t be at school pickup. If they had access to information, they might feel more involved, ask questions, and strengthen their bond with their children. This would expand the notion of &#8220;presence&#8221; without reinforcing unequal norms.</p><p><strong>Finally, who do you care for, and who cares for you?</strong></p><p><strong>M.C.:</strong> I care for my parents, not in a daily way because they live autonomously, but psychologically. I try to help them articulate things, open up about unspoken feelings, especially my father. It&#8217;s a generation that doesn&#8217;t talk, so there&#8217;s a kind of reverse socialisation involved in getting him to express himself. And as for me, my friends and partners take care of me.</p><p><strong>M.Q.:</strong> I care for my partner, my roommate, and my rabbit. They&#8217;re my daily companions. To care for me, I can count on my friends, who are very feminist and deeply care about care; and I can count on my partner, too.</p><div><hr></div><p><em>To help us work towards a world of fair, valued and collective caregiving, consider becoming a paid subscriber.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p><em>&#8220;<a href="https://www.editionstextuel.com/livre/etre_un_pere_feministe_mission_impossible_">&#202;tre un p&#232;re f&#233;ministe: mission impossible?</a>&#8221;, 2025, &#201;ditions Textuel. In French, untranslated.</em></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>The authors note that their research focused exclusively on heterosexual fathers, and that they therefore don&#8217;t extend their analysis to gay or trans dads.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>When I was editing this, my mum also made the good point that involving children&#8217;s perspectives in discussions also means thinking about how care work is perceived by them &#8212; not as something you need to try and get out of, do as little of or else you lose out, but something you do because it benefits you and everyone else, and thus has inherent value.</p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Les pères d'aujourd'hui sont-ils féministes?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Entretien avec les sociologues Marine Quennehen et Myriam Chatot]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/les-peres-daujourdhui-sont-ils-feministes</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/les-peres-daujourdhui-sont-ils-feministes</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 18 Dec 2025 07:51:15 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!e4YU!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa2d3d3af-71f8-4d63-97a8-f57914a2f9e4_1600x1205.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" 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y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><div><hr></div><p><em>Myriam Chatot est sociologue, sp&#233;cialiste de la famille, du genre et de la sant&#233;, rattach&#233;e au <a href="https://www.centre-max-weber.fr/">Centre Max Weber</a>, &#224; Lyon. Marine Quennehen est sociologue sp&#233;cialiste de la famille, du genre et de la prison, rattach&#233;e au <a href="https://www.uclouvain.be/fr/cirfase">Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche sur les familles et les sexualit&#233;s</a> de l&#8217;Universit&#233; catholique de Louvain.</em></p><p><em>Leur livre, &#8220;<a href="https://www.editionstextuel.com/livre/etre_un_pere_feministe_mission_impossible_">&#202;tre un p&#232;re f&#233;ministe: mission impossible?</a>&#8221;, paru en octobre aux &#201;ditions Textuel, pose un constat central: celui d&#8217;une d&#233;connexion entre des perceptions de changement dans l&#8217;implication des &#8216;nouveaux p&#232;res&#8217; et une r&#233;alit&#233; qui reste tr&#232;s in&#233;galitaire<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>.</em></p><p><em>Cette d&#233;connexion d&#233;coule en partie d&#8217;un d&#233;calage de rep&#232;res. Les hommes se comparent &#224; leurs propres p&#232;res, par rapport &#224; qui ils sont en effet bien plus pr&#233;sents. Mais les sociologues, les f&#233;ministes et de nombreuses femmes &#233;valuent plut&#244;t l&#8217;implication des p&#232;res &#224; la lumi&#232;re de celle de leurs conjointes &#8211; qui portent encore souvent l&#8217;essentiel des responsabilit&#233;s familiales.</em></p><p><em>Dans cet entretien pour The Fifth Wave Institute, les deux sociologues interrogent les obstacles qui emp&#234;chent encore l&#8217;essor d&#8217;une v&#233;ritable paternit&#233; f&#233;ministe.</em></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>Malgr&#233; l&#8217;impression d&#8217;un vaste changement dans la paternit&#233;, vous notez que le temps que passent effectivement les p&#232;res avec leurs enfants n&#8217;a pas tant augment&#233;. Et m&#234;me lorsque le temps est mieux r&#233;parti, les &#233;tudes qualitatives montrent une implication toujours asym&#233;trique au sein du couple, que viennent &#233;clairer des notions comme celle de charge mentale.</strong></p><p><strong>Est-ce qu&#8217;il faudrait, selon vous, faire &#233;voluer le d&#233;bat au-del&#224; de la notion de &#8216;pr&#233;sence&#8217; vers celle, plus explicite, de &#8216;p&#232;re comp&#233;tent&#8217; ou de &#8216;p&#232;re capable&#8217;?</strong></p><p><strong>Marine Quennehen</strong>: La question deviendrait assez vite <em>qui</em> s&#8217;approprie la notion de p&#232;re capable ou comp&#233;tent. Si ce sont les hommes qui s&#8217;auto-d&#233;finissent comme tels, on en revient &#224; la m&#234;me probl&#233;matique: ils sont plus capables et plus comp&#233;tents que leurs grands-p&#232;res, mais pas forc&#233;ment aussi comp&#233;tents que leurs conjointes.</p><p>Il faudrait d&#233;finir quelles sont les attentes: est-ce qu&#8217;&#234;tre comp&#233;tent, comme le montrait <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/publications-de-michele-ferrand--479?lang=fr">Mich&#232;le Ferrand</a>, ce n&#8217;est pas seulement donner le biberon, mais conna&#238;tre la dose de lait en poudre, savoir laver, st&#233;riliser et ranger le biberon. &#199;a peut &#234;tre purement cosm&#233;tique d&#8217;ajouter de nouvelles cat&#233;gories si le contenu reste flou.</p><p><strong>Myriam Chatot</strong>: En entendant l&#8217;expression p&#232;re capable, je trouve l&#8217;enjeu d&#8217;autonomie. C&#8217;est ce qui ressort des entretiens que j&#8217;ai faits avec des p&#232;res en cong&#233; parental &#224; plein temps: &#234;tre seul avec l&#8217;enfant les place en situation de responsabilit&#233;, et &#231;a les oblige &#224; devenir autonomes. L&#8217;id&#233;e est ensuite que chaque couple puisse fixer ses standards sur ce qu&#8217;implique l&#8217;autonomie.</p><p>Comme on le dit dans le livre, les normes de la &#8216;bonne parentalit&#233;&#8217; sont fix&#233;es par un certain nombre d&#8217;institutions et par les classes moyennes sup&#233;rieures. Le risque en d&#233;veloppant cette id&#233;e de &#8220;p&#232;re capable&#8221;, c&#8217;est donc aussi que &#231;a devienne un nouveau moyen de stigmatiser les p&#232;res de classes populaires.</p><p>Parce que si ces p&#232;res ne sont &#8216;pas capables&#8217;, &#231;a sous-entend qu&#8217;il faut les r&#233;&#233;duquer, mettre en place des dispositifs &#8211; alors que bien souvent s&#8217;ils le sont en effet peu, c&#8217;est qu&#8217;ils ont peu de temps, peu de ressources &#233;conomiques ou culturelles.</p><p><strong>Marine Quennehen</strong>: Le plus important, c&#8217;est que les p&#232;res se sentent, eux,  capables d&#8217;agir, de prendre en charge un enfant sans la pr&#233;sence de leur conjointe. La notion d&#8217;autonomie permet de confronter la r&#233;alit&#233; d&#8217;une paternit&#233; &#8216;&#224; c&#244;t&#233;&#8217; de la conjointe qui donnerait les instructions.</p><p><strong>Le vocabulaire de l&#8217;&#233;ducation revient souvent dans le livre: strat&#233;gie du mauvais &#233;l&#232;ve, r&#244;le pour les femmes de transmission des savoirs parentaux. Ces derni&#232;res &#8216;&#233;duquent&#8217; leur conjoint; il y a une certaine infantilisation des hommes comme &#233;tant &#8216;&#224; l&#8217;&#233;cole de la parentalit&#233;&#8217;.</strong></p><p><strong>Mais paradoxalement, ces m&#234;mes hommes mettent r&#233;guli&#232;rement en avant leurs comp&#233;tences sur le plan professionnel. Ils ne voient pas d&#8217;incompatibilit&#233; entre leur infantilisation &#224; la maison et leur autonomie au travail. C&#8217;est une dissonance &#233;trange.</strong></p><p><strong>M.C.: </strong>C&#8217;est une inf&#233;riorit&#233; totalement compatible avec leur masculinit&#233; parce qu&#8217;elle est li&#233;e &#224; des t&#226;ches elles-m&#234;mes per&#231;ues comme inf&#233;rieures.</p><p>Une <a href="https://books.openedition.org/pul/10532?lang=fr#anchor-toc-1-3">&#233;tude</a> d&#8217;il y a quelques ann&#233;es sur la prise en charge des t&#226;ches m&#233;nag&#232;res &#224; l&#8217;arm&#233;e montrait que ces t&#226;ches sont rel&#233;gu&#233;es aux &#8216;bleus&#8217;, aux conscrits tout en bas de la hi&#233;rarchie. &#192; l&#8217;&#233;poque o&#249; on avait un service militaire obligatoire, &#231;a apprenait &#224; toute une classe d&#8217;&#226;ge d&#8217;hommes que faire le m&#233;nage, c&#8217;est d&#233;gradant, inint&#233;ressant. Et que c&#8217;est dans l&#8217;ordre des choses que les femmes s&#8217;en occupent.</p><p>Donc eux voient bien qu&#8217;il n&#8217;y a pas de prestige &#224; faire ces t&#226;ches. En revanche, cette perception peut aussi b&#233;n&#233;ficier &#224; ceux qui au contraire s&#8217;investissent beaucoup dans la sph&#232;re priv&#233;e, et qui du coup sont valoris&#233;s un peu comme des h&#233;ros: ils s&#8217;int&#233;ressent &#224; quelque chose que les autres trouvent secondaire.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute travaille &#224; la construction d&#8217;un monde o&#249; le soin est la priorit&#233;. Soutenez-nous avec un abonnement :)</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p><strong>Vous parlez de discours qui &#8220;capitalisent sur la paternit&#233;&#8221;</strong><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a><strong>, rendant le sujet de plus en plus consensuel tout en effa&#231;ant la dimension politique du combat f&#233;ministe. Et en m&#234;me temps, on peut voir &#231;a comme le destin in&#233;vitable de tout mouvement social, qui se dilue &#224; mesure qu&#8217;il se propage. N&#8217;est-ce pas quand m&#234;me une victoire f&#233;ministe, quelle que soit sa forme?</strong></p><p><strong>M.Q.</strong>: C&#8217;est toujours positif que l&#8217;importance de la paternit&#233; grandisse. Mais en dehors de certaines niches sociales, je suis malheureusement assez pessimiste sur l&#8217;&#233;tendue de ce consensus.  Quand on voit par exemple les commentaires sous un article paru &#224; la suite d&#8217;un de nos entretiens&#8230; Il y a encore beaucoup de r&#233;sistance. Et m&#234;me lorsque les mentalit&#233;s changent, il y a une grande r&#233;ticence &#224; se dire &#8216;p&#232;re f&#233;ministe&#8217; ou m&#234;me alli&#233; du f&#233;minisme. Le mot fait peur.</p><p>Il y a de vrais changements individuels, notables, chez certains hommes. Des p&#232;res changent leurs dynamiques professionnelles, ont de vraies discussions avec leurs conjointes pour agencer &#233;quitablement leur parentalit&#233;. Mais au niveau du panorama g&#233;n&#233;ral, le changement de fond est beaucoup plus lent.</p><p><strong>M.C.</strong>: Il y a eu des victoires cons&#233;quentes gr&#226;ce aux combats f&#233;ministes, c&#8217;est ind&#233;niable. On peut affirmer sans trop h&#233;siter que de dire &#8220;Il faut que les hommes s&#8217;impliquent plus dans la sph&#232;re priv&#233;e&#8221; est devenu relativement consensuel. Mais qu&#8217;est-ce qui se cache derri&#232;re ce &#8216;plus&#8217;? C&#8217;est &#231;a que vient interroger notre livre.</p><p><strong>On retrouve aussi ce sentiment de dilution du combat au niveau politique.</strong></p><p><strong>M.C.</strong>: Absolument. Quelque chose qu&#8217;on ne mobilise pas dans le livre, c&#8217;est la r&#233;forme du cong&#233; parental de 2014, qui a r&#233;serv&#233; une partie du cong&#233; pr&#233;vu au deuxi&#232;me parent. Elle a &#233;t&#233; vot&#233;e dans le cadre de la loi sur l&#8217;&#233;galit&#233; r&#233;elle entre les femmes et les hommes, et pr&#233;sent&#233;e comme une r&#233;volution qui allait tout changer.</p><p>Mais quand on regarde les discours des parlementaires, on se rend compte que les arguments tournaient surtout autour du travail. Les voix favorables &#224; la r&#233;forme se pr&#233;occupaient principalement d&#8217;encourager les femmes &#224; retourner dans la sph&#232;re professionnelle; et les voix d&#8217;opposition, de prot&#233;ger les entreprises et le r&#244;le de pourvoyeur de revenus des hommes.</p><p>Donc d&#8217;un c&#244;t&#233; ou de l&#8217;autre, le bien-&#234;tre des parents et des enfants, et notamment l&#8217;impact des cong&#233;s sur la sant&#233; mentale p&#233;rinatale, &#233;taient assez peu pris en compte. La consid&#233;ration centrale &#233;tait que l&#8217;inscription principale des deux parents doit &#234;tre le travail, que rien ne doit trop d&#233;stabiliser le statu quo &#233;conomique.</p><p>D&#8217;ailleurs, contrairement &#224; la r&#233;forme allemande qui avait permis &#224; 20% des p&#232;res de prendre ce cong&#233; contre 3%, la r&#233;forme fran&#231;aise a eu un <a href="https://ceet.cnam.fr/publications/connaissance-de-l-emploi/quels-enseignements-de-la-reforme-du-conge-parental-de-2015--1564781.kjsp?RH=1507126380703">effet n&#233;gligeable</a>.</p><p><strong>On remarque dans le livre que la perspective des enfants eux-m&#234;mes est souvent peu consid&#233;r&#233;e dans les choix des p&#232;res autour de leur paternit&#233;. Vous rapportez notamment l&#8217;exp&#233;rience d&#8217;un p&#232;re qui expliquait en entretien que ses enfants lui ont demand&#233; de moins travailler le mercredi; il leur a r&#233;pondu qu&#8217;il ne pouvait pas, parce que sinon ils ne pourraient plus aller au ski et &#224; l&#8217;&#233;cole de voile.</strong></p><p><strong>Mais &#224; aucun moment il ne leur a demand&#233; ce qu&#8217;ils pr&#233;f&#233;reraient </strong><em><strong>eux</strong></em><strong> entre passer les mercredis apr&#232;s-midi avec leur papa ou aller au ski une fois par an. La paternit&#233; appara&#238;t presque plus comme un r&#244;le social, une liste de devoirs et de t&#226;ches &#224; accomplir, que comme la construction d&#8217;une relation &#224; l&#8217;autre.</strong></p><p><strong>M.Q.</strong>: C&#8217;est quelque chose qui est ressorti assez clairement de mes travaux sur les pilotes et les stewards. Pour les hommes dans ces m&#233;tiers-l&#224;, la famille est une variable parmi d&#8217;autres, loin d&#8217;une priorit&#233;. Eux ont souvent l&#8217;impression d&#8217;&#234;tre des p&#232;res mod&#232;les, parce qu&#8217;ils ont des horaires atypiques et donc sont l&#224; &#224; des moments o&#249; d&#8217;autres travaillent, et parce qu&#8217;ils peuvent offrir un haut niveau de vie &#224; leurs enfants. Ils ne se rendent pas compte de ce que signifient pour leurs enfants et leur couple les absences prolong&#233;es de plusieurs jours.</p><p>Les femmes pilotes ou h&#244;tesses de l&#8217;air, elles, sentent le poids de cette absence de mani&#232;re accrue. Elles pr&#233;parent tout en amont avant leur d&#233;part, les repas, les v&#234;tements, organisent les gardes et les d&#233;placements; elles s&#233;lectionnent leurs vols en fonction des enfants, des &#233;v&#232;nements familiaux. Et pourtant, on leur reproche de faire un m&#233;tier &#8220;Disneyland&#8221;. Leurs enfants se plaignent qu&#8217;elles ne soient pas l&#224;; &#224; l&#8217;&#233;cole, on leur dit &#8216;Vous avez mauvaise mine&#8217; ou &#8216;On ne vous voit pas beaucoup&#8217;.</p><p>Elles incarnent l&#8217;absence, alors que celle du p&#232;re ne para&#238;t poser aucun probl&#232;me. Leurs conjoints instrumentalisent m&#234;me la parole des enfants pour leur dire, &#8216;tu vois, ils sont tristes quand tu n&#8217;es pas l&#224;.&#8217; Donc la perspective des enfants est prise en compte, tout d&#8217;un coup &#8211; mais surtout pour culpabiliser la m&#232;re.</p><p><strong>M.C.</strong>: Il n&#8217;y a pas de secret, une relation interpersonnelle se d&#233;veloppe avec du temps, de l&#8217;&#233;coute, de l&#8217;attention, de la disponibilit&#233;: du <em>care</em>, finalement. Plus les p&#232;res sont pr&#233;sents &#8211; soit parce qu&#8217;ils ont fait les choix pour ou qu&#8217;ils y ont &#233;t&#233; amen&#233;s par une bifurcation de trajectoire &#8211; plus ils pr&#234;tent attention &#224; l&#8217;enfant en tant que personne.</p><p>Par exemple, un de mes participants &#233;tait satur&#233; par le travail, au bord du burnout. Sa conjointe a menac&#233; de le quitter car elle aussi n&#8217;en pouvait plus. Pour r&#233;organiser sa vie et ses disponibilit&#233;s et pr&#233;server son couple, il a chang&#233; de travail. Et gr&#226;ce &#224; &#231;a, sa perspective sur la paternit&#233; a chang&#233;, elle aussi: il a appris &#224; mieux conna&#238;tre ses enfants, leur personnalit&#233;s. Aujourd&#8217;hui, il va chercher son a&#238;n&#233; &#224; l&#8217;&#233;cole, ils discutent et son fils saute dans les flaques sur le chemin du retour, c&#8217;est un moment de complicit&#233;.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/les-peres-daujourdhui-sont-ils-feministes?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/les-peres-daujourdhui-sont-ils-feministes?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share"><span>Share</span></a></p><p><strong>Ce th&#232;me de la prise de conscience qui suit une crise ou une &#8216;bifurcation de trajectoire&#8217; revient souvent, &#224; la fois dans le livre et dans les repr&#233;sentations culturelles. C&#8217;est cette image du p&#232;re qui se rend compte &#8211; trop tard, apr&#232;s un burnout, une grosse dispute, un divorce &#8211; que &#231;a ne valait pas le coup, qu&#8217;il est pass&#233; &#224; c&#244;t&#233; de la relation avec ses enfants, qu&#8217;il a trop fait porter &#224; sa femme.</strong></p><p><strong>Comment faire en sorte qu&#8217;il n&#8217;y ait plus besoin d&#8217;une crise pour amener une telle prise de conscience?</strong></p><p><strong>M.C.</strong>: Malheureusement, ces regrets sont trop souvent vus comme une fatalit&#233;. Une <a href="https://www.unaf.fr/ressources/etre-pere-aujourdhui/">enqu&#234;te</a> d&#8217;il y a quelques ann&#233;es demandait &#224; des p&#232;res d&#8217;enfants mineurs, &#8220;Avez-vous l&#8217;impression de passer moins de temps que vous le voulez avec vos enfants?&#8221;. Pr&#232;s de la moiti&#233; r&#233;pondait oui.</p><p>&#192; la question suivante, &#8220;Que vous inspire cette r&#233;alit&#233;? Insatisfaction, frustration, culpabilit&#233;?&#8221;, c&#8217;est l&#8217;insatisfaction qui ressort le plus, alors que les m&#232;res pencheraient bien plus pour la culpabilit&#233;. &#199;a montre d&#233;j&#224; que prise de conscience ou non, beaucoup de p&#232;res se sentent enferm&#233;s dans le travail et ont l&#8217;impression de ne rien pouvoir y changer.</p><p>Cela &#233;tant, &#231;a aiderait s&#251;rement d&#8217;avoir plus de r&#233;flexions transparentes &#224; la fois sur la richesse de la paternit&#233; et sur ses regrets amers. On parle dans le livre des p&#232;res qui mettent en avant leur bonheur d&#8217;&#234;tre papa, qui montrent qu&#8217;ils sont pr&#233;sents; un homme nous a dit, &#8220;le f&#233;minisme nous a permis d&#8217;&#234;tre un couple heureux&#8221;; d&#8217;autres m&#8217;ont confi&#233; qu&#8217;ils ne s&#8217;attendaient pas &#224; aimer autant leurs enfants.</p><p>C&#8217;est essentiel de partager &#231;a, et il faudrait aussi que d&#8217;autres se fassent plus entendre sur ce qu&#8217;ils n&#8217;ont <em>pas </em>fait, sur comment ils auraient pu faire mieux &#8211; notamment de la g&#233;n&#233;ration de nos parents chez qui ce sentiment est assez r&#233;pandu<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a>, pour &#233;viter aux jeunes g&#233;n&#233;rations de reproduire leurs erreurs.</p><p><strong>M.Q.</strong>: En effet, quand on a interrog&#233; des hommes sur leurs &#8216;personnes ressources&#8217; avec qui parler de ce que &#231;a fait de devenir p&#232;re, peu pouvaient en nommer. Le discours qu&#8217;ils recevaient de leurs proches masculins &#233;tait surtout, &#8220;Ne t&#8217;inqui&#232;te pas, tu verras sur le moment, n&#8217;y r&#233;fl&#233;chis pas trop.&#8221; Ils se socialisent entre eux presque &#224; une forme de passivit&#233; consciente, &#224; ne pas se raconter, ne pas dire s&#8217;ils &#233;prouvent des difficult&#233;s.</p><p>Donc il faudrait amener les hommes &#224; se questionner plus en amont sur la dimension profonde de la paternit&#233;, sur ce que &#231;a change &#224; leur int&#233;riorit&#233; et &#224; leur couple. On attend &#233;norm&#233;ment des femmes qu&#8217;elles parlent de leur maternit&#233;, c&#8217;est une exp&#233;rience qui se transmet de mani&#232;re interg&#233;n&#233;rationnelle. Mais on entend rarement un beau-p&#232;re raconter sa paternit&#233; &#224; son gendre ou lui donner des conseils.</p><p><strong>&#192; quoi ressemblerait une r&#233;forme en profondeur des cong&#233;s de naissance?</strong></p><p><strong>M.C.</strong>: &#192; des cong&#233;s parentaux obligatoires, bien r&#233;mun&#233;r&#233;s, plus longs. Un cong&#233; paternit&#233; align&#233; sur le cong&#233; maternit&#233;, pour un temps essentiel de copr&#233;sence au d&#233;but, suivi de p&#233;riodes fractionn&#233;es qui ne puissent pas &#234;tre prises en m&#234;me temps. En l&#8217;&#233;tat, le cong&#233; maternit&#233; est encore facteur de stabilisation des in&#233;galit&#233;s. Il faudrait aussi cesser de consid&#233;rer comme principale et prioritaire la disponibilit&#233; au travail, versus la parentalit&#233; comme un hobby dont il faudrait constamment s&#8217;excuser &#224; ses employeurs.</p><p><strong>M.Q.</strong>: Et au-del&#224; du focus exclusif sur le couple parental, il y a un immense enjeu d&#8217;urbanisme pour repenser nos modes d&#8217;habitation et tendre vers un mod&#232;le plus collectif.</p><p>On vit dans des espaces qui ne sont pas faits pour que les enfants circulent seuls, soient autonomes, o&#249; les temps de trajet peuvent &#234;tre longs, les communaut&#233;s sont &#233;clat&#233;es. Pouvoir compter sur d&#8217;autres parents, sur nos familles, c&#8217;est parfois difficile quand les gens vivent loin, mais &#231;a permet vraiment d&#8217;all&#233;ger la charge. Et &#231;a cr&#233;e autour des enfants des r&#233;seaux de soutien essentiels, une multiplicit&#233; de mod&#232;les et de liens. Il faut sortir d&#8217;une vision de l&#8217;&#233;ducation comme reposant exclusivement sur deux personnes.</p><p><strong>Le risque, c&#8217;est que m&#234;me une telle organisation communautaire repose encore sur les femmes. Certains appellent &#224; la cr&#233;ation d&#8217;un &#8220;cong&#233; grand-m&#232;re&#8221;, par exemple, sans forc&#233;ment r&#233;aliser qu&#8217;ils continuent &#224; allouer le travail de </strong><em><strong>care </strong></em><strong>exclusivement aux femmes.</strong></p><p><strong>M.Q.</strong>: Absolument, il faut se poser la question de qui fait vivre le village. Et adapter nos institutions &#224; ce nouveau paradigme: j&#8217;ai re&#231;u beaucoup de t&#233;moignages de p&#232;res qui ont d&#251; se battre avec des cr&#232;ches pour &#234;tre marqu&#233;s sur leurs fiches comme parent &#224; contacter au m&#234;me titre que la m&#232;re.</p><p>Certains couples cr&#233;ent des adresses communes, parce qu&#8217;on n&#8217;a pas l&#8217;habitude d&#8217;envoyer les informations concernant les enfants &#224; deux adresses mail. Et il faut s&#8217;assurer derri&#232;re que l&#8217;adresse commune ne devienne pas par d&#233;faut celle de la femme.</p><p><strong>M.C.</strong>: Le fait d&#8217;informer syst&#233;matiquement les p&#232;res pourrait aussi b&#233;n&#233;ficier &#224; beaucoup d&#8217;hommes de classes populaires, qui ne peuvent pas &#234;tre pr&#233;sents &#224; la sortie de l&#8217;&#233;cole, par exemple. S&#8217;ils avaient certaines informations, ils pourraient se sentir plus impliqu&#233;s, poser des questions, alimenter le lien. &#199;a &#233;largirait encore cette notion de &#8216;pr&#233;sence&#8217; sans forc&#233;ment rajouter des normes in&#233;galitaires.</p><p><strong>Enfin, de qui prenez-vous soin, et qui prend soin de vous?</strong></p><p><strong>M.C.</strong>: Je prends particuli&#232;rement soin de mes parents. Pas de mani&#232;re quotidienne, ils sont autonomes, mais plut&#244;t sur le plan psychologique. J&#8217;essaie de les faire parvenir &#224; verbaliser certaines choses, &#224; s&#8217;ouvrir sur certains non-dits, &#224; prendre conscience de leurs &#233;motions. Surtout pour mon p&#232;re. C&#8217;est une g&#233;n&#233;ration qui ne parle pas, donc il y a un enjeu de socialisation invers&#233;e &#224; les ouvrir &#224; la parole. Et d&#8217;autre part, mes amis et mes partenaires prennent soin de moi.</p><p><strong>M.Q.</strong>: Je prends surtout soin de mon partenaire, ma colocataire et ma lapine. Ce sont mes &#234;tres quotidiens. Pour prendre soin de moi, j&#8217;ai la chance de pouvoir compter sur mes copines, tr&#232;s f&#233;ministes et pour qui le <em>care </em>est tr&#232;s important, ainsi que sur mon partenaire.</p><div><hr></div><p><em>La construction d&#8217;une soci&#233;t&#233; du &#8216;care&#8217; n&#8217;en est qu&#8217;&#224; ses d&#233;buts. Pour nous aider &#224; la faire advenir, vous pouvez faire un don gr&#226;ce &#224; un abonnement.</em></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p><em>Si vous souhaitez collaborer avec l&#8217;institut, n&#8217;h&#233;sitez pas &#224; contacter <a href="mailto:melina@fifthwaveinstitute.com">melina@fifthwaveinstitute.com</a>.</em></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Note des autrices en page 10 du livre: &#8220;Dans cet ouvrage, nous avons choisi de nous focaliser sur les p&#232;res h&#233;t&#233;rosexuels , car nos enqu&#234;tes ont exclusivement port&#233; sur cette population. Afin de pr&#233;server la coh&#233;rence de notre analyse, nous n&#8217;&#233;largissons pas notre propos aux paternit&#233;s gays ou trans.&#8221; Elles recommandent notamment la lecture de <em>La paternit&#233; gay </em>de Martine Gross (2012) et de l&#8217;ouvrage collectif La paternit&#233; transgenre (Laurence H&#233;rault, dir., 2014).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Comme d&#233;finie dans le livre: &#8220;Ici, nous reprenons le terme de capitalisation d&#233;fini par Verquere en tant que &#171; processus d&#8217;accumulation par lesquels les p&#232;res acqui&#232;rent du capital mat&#233;riel et symbolique par l&#8217;obtention d&#8217;une visibilit&#233;, une reconnaissance et une position valoris&#233;e dans l&#8217;espace social &#187; (Verquere 2023, 257).&#8221; Verquere, Laura, 2023, &#171; Les fabriques du probl&#232;me public du cong&#233; paternit&#233; au prisme du genre &#187;, th&#232;se de sciences de l&#8217;information et de la communication sous la direction de Jo&#235;lle Le Marec, Paris, Sorbonne Universit&#233;.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Les autrices notent d&#8217;ailleurs dans le livre que les analyses et discours sur la parentalit&#233; sont trop souvent restreintes &#224; la petite enfance, les &#233;tudes sur les relations parents-enfants s&#8217;arr&#234;tant souvent autour de 3 ans.</p><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA["Without alterity, there can be no relationship"]]></title><description><![CDATA[An interview with philosopher Christine Leroy]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/without-otherness-there-can-be-no</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/without-otherness-there-can-be-no</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 10 Dec 2025 22:55:29 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DoPO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa42c1327-6b2f-474a-8c7e-0f0795b9039e_1037x737.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DoPO!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa42c1327-6b2f-474a-8c7e-0f0795b9039e_1037x737.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DoPO!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa42c1327-6b2f-474a-8c7e-0f0795b9039e_1037x737.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DoPO!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa42c1327-6b2f-474a-8c7e-0f0795b9039e_1037x737.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DoPO!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa42c1327-6b2f-474a-8c7e-0f0795b9039e_1037x737.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!DoPO!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa42c1327-6b2f-474a-8c7e-0f0795b9039e_1037x737.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Christine Leroy &#169;Yannick Michaud.</figcaption></figure></div><p><em>Christine Leroy is an associate professor of philosophy at the &#201;cole des Arts de la Sorbonne (Paris I University) and the University of Lille (STL lab). Her book <a href="https://www.routledge.com/Kinaesthetic-Empathy-Ethics-and-Care-A-Phenomenology-of-Dance/Leroy/p/book/9781032878560">Kinaesthetic Empathy, Ethics and Care: A Phenomenology of Dance</a><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a> offers a reflection on the embodied roots of our concern for others: without the body, there is no care.</em></p><p><em>From palliative care and disability rights to the place of motherhood in feminism, Christine&#8217;s interview with The Fifth Wave Institute examines how an ethic of care can enrich our collective ability to carve out space for alterity.</em></p><p><em>Pour lire cet entretien en fran&#231;ais:</em></p><div class="digest-post-embed" data-attrs="{&quot;nodeId&quot;:&quot;1607286f-7555-435a-94fb-9553bfebae8d&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;Christine Leroy est philosophe, Docteure associ&#233;e &#224; l&#8217;&#201;cole des Arts de la Sorbonne (Universit&#233; Paris I) et &#224; l&#8217;Universit&#233; de Lille (laboratoire STL). Son livre Ph&#233;nom&#233;nologie de la danse. De la chair &#224; l&#8217;&#233;thique, nourri par sa pratique de la danse, tisse une r&#233;flexion sur l&#8217;ancrage charnel de l&#8217;&#233;thique et du souci d&#8217;aut&#8230;&quot;,&quot;cta&quot;:&quot;Read full story&quot;,&quot;showBylines&quot;:true,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;sm&quot;,&quot;isEditorNode&quot;:true,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&#8220;Sans alt&#233;rit&#233;, il ne peut pas y avoir de relation&#8221; &quot;,&quot;publishedBylines&quot;:[{&quot;id&quot;:165735762,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;M&#233;lina Magdel&#233;nat&quot;,&quot;bio&quot;:&quot;Founder of The Fifth Wave Institute, a think-and-act tank working to build a future of fair, valued and collective care. Feminist. University of Oxford.&quot;,&quot;photo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1a820f4e-c1f8-4385-926f-1d53df345e01_1453x1453.jpeg&quot;,&quot;is_guest&quot;:false,&quot;bestseller_tier&quot;:null}],&quot;post_date&quot;:&quot;2025-12-10T22:40:40.800Z&quot;,&quot;cover_image&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rHhP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb3cd9dc-47a3-43f9-adc1-923fa46c2b95_1037x737.jpeg&quot;,&quot;cover_image_alt&quot;:null,&quot;canonical_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/sans-alterite-il-ne-peut-pas-y-avoir&quot;,&quot;section_name&quot;:&quot;Articles en fran&#231;ais &#127467;&#127479;&quot;,&quot;video_upload_id&quot;:null,&quot;id&quot;:181282007,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;newsletter&quot;,&quot;reaction_count&quot;:0,&quot;comment_count&quot;:0,&quot;publication_id&quot;:2462977,&quot;publication_name&quot;:&quot;The Fifth Wave Institute&quot;,&quot;publication_logo_url&quot;:&quot;https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!LV5j!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F5c6e2b1b-4107-4e4e-8aad-f0d40a5df1ad_1024x1024.png&quot;,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;youtube_url&quot;:null,&quot;show_links&quot;:null,&quot;feed_url&quot;:null}"></div><div><hr></div><p><strong>Your master&#8217;s thesis focused on the history of euthanasia and its moral stakes for today&#8217;s societies. What does an ethic of care bring to the discussion?</strong></p><p>It points to a troubling gap: that between the state&#8217;s investment in the right to die and its <em>dis</em>investment from care that helps people live better. It considers three perspectives in particular: that of disabled people, that of care professionals, and that of the individuals themselves facing the end of their lives.</p><p>Drawing on arguments laid out by disability rights activists, sociologist Patricia Paperman &#8211; a key figure in the dissemination of care ethics in France &#8211; points out that disabled individuals are regularly encouraged to consider suicide, through back-handed remarks like &#8220;you&#8217;re so brave; I couldn&#8217;t live like you&#8221;.</p><p>It does indeed take immense courage for disabled people to assert their right to exist and the value of lives that defy conventional norms. Lives with disabilities are costly for society; the state&#8217;s withdrawal of support discourages access to medical assistance, subtly pushing people to prefer death to a life lived in undignified conditions.</p><p>The choice of assisted suicide, then, is not always free, despite what theory might suggest: ultraliberalism devalues disabled human life, placing extreme pressure on those deemed &#8216;unnecessarily burdensome.&#8217;</p><p>Far from this being a traditionalist or reactionary position, many radical-left activists like <a href="https://palaisdetokyo.com/personne/no-anger/">No Anger</a>, a queer, anarchist, and disabled artist, or <a href="https://www.politis.fr/articles/2024/03/elisa-rojas-notre-mort-est-toujours-consideree-comme-liberatrice-par-cette-societe/">Elisa Rojas</a>, a poly-disabled lawyer and activist, have been <a href="https://www.revolutionpermanente.fr/Le-texte-de-loi-sur-la-fin-de-vie-releve-d-une-logique-validiste-et-eugeniste-Entretien-avec-Elisa">sounding the alarm</a>. </p><p>Deeply invested in fighting for the recognition of the <em>right to vulnerability, </em>Rojas sees France&#8217;s proposed euthanasia bill as a betrayal by the left of disabled and marginalised people. To her, the legalisation of euthanasia would mean the surrender of humanist values to the pressures of economic liberalism.</p><div class="pullquote"><p><a href="https://www.politis.fr/articles/2024/03/elisa-rojas-notre-mort-est-toujours-consideree-comme-liberatrice-par-cette-societe/">Elisa Rojas: &#8220;Our death is always seen as liberating&#8221;</a></p></div><p>As for care professionals, though few would openly admit to it, many know they have sometimes wished to forever silence those difficult and sometimes unfriendly bodies &#8211; if only in a fleeting, quickly suppressed thought. This is especially true given the exhausting working conditions in hospitals. And unlike procedures like abortion, which is only legally allowed under highly regulated conditions, current euthanasia legislation authorises without truly prohibiting.</p><p>It is therefore extremely anxiety-inducing to place this burden of life or death on caregivers &#8211; who already often face precarity themselves &#8211; while simultaneously keeping palliative care underfunded<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a>. We cannot emphasise an ethic of care without acknowledging the suffering that legislative decisions can inflict on those who provide care.</p><p>Finally, from the perspective of those nearing the end of their life, practice once again clashes with theory. My grandmother is in a nursing home. Every day, she says she wants to die. But when the nurses make a mistake with her medication, she shouts, &#8220;They&#8217;re trying to kill me!&#8221; Does she really want to die? It seems to me she would rather live <em>better</em>. She feels condemned to isolation, lacking any sense that she matters to anyone. She wants social connection, relationships, and life around her.</p><p>As a philosopher working on care and someone who espouses left-wing humanism, I see the legalisation of euthanasia in its current form as dangerous. But nothing is either simple or final when it comes to death: I once had a deeply painful experience with a great-aunt who, after a stroke that left her able to move only her left eyelid, tore out her own feeding tube. She took her own life, in a way.</p><p>The debates on euthanasia remind us that death is at the heart of our lives, despite neoliberalism&#8217;s vast <a href="https://substack.com/@forestgren/p-180350458">efforts</a> to distract us from that fact. Applied to the end of life, an ethic of care calls for humility rather than certainty, while challenging us to be critical in the way we view solidarity. I do not believe we should force individuals to live, but I do believe we must listen to their pain rather than turning away and telling those who suffer to be forever silent.</p><p><strong>Your book &#8216;Kinaesthetic Empathy, Ethics and Care&#8217; argues for a particular care dynamic in the experience of dance. Where does this idea come from?</strong></p><p>My own dance practice was never very caring. Trained in classical ballet, I developed a complex relationship with my body. The body is not something you manipulate like a pen: it sometimes does what it wants, and when the mirror does not reflect what you hope to project, you enter into a conflict with your own body.</p><p>And yet, paradoxically, even if you torture yourself to achieve a perfect arch, even if your feet bleed from friction in your pointe shoes, you also take great <em>care</em> of your body to make sure it moves in the desired way.</p><p>I had to stop dancing due to repeated fractures&#8212;sometimes, the body also breaks&#8212;and for a time, I could only watch. I found something in it that went beyond pleasure, a kind of balm for the soul, but I couldn&#8217;t pinpoint what.</p><p>I was particularly moved by the momentum, the lift, the sensuality of grace&#8230; It was neither purely intellectual nor merely aesthetic, but ethical: watching dance was <em>good for me</em>, regardless of the beauty of the choreography. It seemed to me that between what I saw and what I experienced, something akin to care was at play.</p><p><strong>In the book, you write: &#8220;Ethics consists in restoring to the individual their human dignity; [&#8230;] such care is a vector of cure in the therapeutic sense, its foundation: there can be no healing without the patient reclaiming their own body; to heal is precisely to move from the state of the patient&#8212;etymologically, one who suffers passively&#8212;to that of an autonomous agent.&#8221;</strong></p><p><strong>In contexts like disability, where the notion of autonomy differs from that of an able-bodied person, what does it mean to say that caring is about restoring someone&#8217;s autonomy or agency?</strong></p><p>I think it is important to caveat that theory does not always hold up well against the harshness of reality. There is often more hope than reality in what I write.</p><p>That said, in contexts of reduced autonomy, such as disability or early childhood, we often face a dilemma: should we do things for the other person &#8211; which is obviously more efficient with respect to the end result &#8211; or should we accept that they are slower, less precise, and <em>help them act</em>?</p><p>When developing the concept of &#8220;portance&#8221; (carrying, support) philosopher <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/publications-de-emmanuel-de-saint-aubert--29108?lang=fr">Emmanuel de Saint Aubert</a> borrows from theology the idea of an &#8220;all-sustaining&#8221; rather than &#8220;all-powerful&#8221; God: <em>omnitenens</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a> and not <em>omnipotens</em>. Those who educate or provide care are sometimes too dominant when they should be supportive. Saint Aubert draws on osteopathy: when held from below, a baby will lift up their head. If you need someone to rise up, it&#8217;s better to <em>support them</em> than to try to pull them up.</p><p>This dilemma lies at the heart of the difficulty of caregiving: does helping someone mean doing things for them, or enabling them to do things themselves? It&#8217;s the basis of educational methods like Maria Montessori&#8217;s: if a child needs help, they&#8217;ll ask for it. Only help if asked, and never deprive a child of the desire to try for themselves.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute is working to build a world where care is a priority. Subscribe to support our mission. </p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>For caregivers, it&#8217;s even harder to accept the slowness of a disabled person because everything has to be done quickly. It&#8217;s tough to accept the mediocrity of a gesture when you&#8217;re the one dealing with the consequences: if the person&#8217;s hand is shaking and they risk spilling everything, you&#8217;d rather pour the water yourself.</p><p>It&#8217;s not that the person isn&#8217;t autonomous; it&#8217;s that we deprive them of their desire for autonomy. Letting them try would require time and resources that are cruelly lacking. In this context, care &#8211; or what remains of it after hyper-rationalised costs and work schedules &#8211; often contributes more to the loss of autonomy than to its preservation.</p><p><strong>Toward the end of the book, you write: &#8220;To exist for oneself, to give oneself form, is not to tear oneself radically away from a whole in order to face it, but to participate in it in one&#8217;s own way; to contribute ethically to the community is not to melt into it but to take up a unique, irreplaceable place within it.&#8221;</strong></p><p><strong>This passage echoes the parallel with dancing, where one can be simultaneously part of a whole and detached from it in a singular way. Binary discourses are rife on the tension between individualism and community, so it&#8217;s really interesting how this idea reconciles the two: we can be &#8220;irreplaceable&#8221; </strong><em><strong>within</strong></em><strong> a group, carve out a distinct place for ourselves </strong><em><strong>through </strong></em><strong>our contribution to the collective.</strong></p><p>This is the direction my work is taking today. I&#8217;m trying to show that the common opposition between individualism and community is often not an opposition at all. It&#8217;s really two forms of individualism: a self-sufficient, sterile individualism on the one hand, and a fusionary individualism on the other, where identities and the uniqueness of individuals dissolve into a pathological indistinction. This is not a community but a vague amalgam of individuals.</p><p>To move beyond this opposition, I explore the idea that one cannot be unique without others: alterity must support, rather than erase, singularities. As philosopher Edith Stein argued, for empathy (<em><a href="https://www.philomag.com/articles/einfuhlung">Einf&#252;hlung</a></em>) to exist, for there to be a relationship, there must be an awareness of separation. Without otherness, there can be no relationship. Similarly, for there to be a group, there must be individuals; but without separation between individuals, between self and non-self, there can be no true bond between subjects, and thus no collective.</p><p>Many well-meaning contemporary discourses ignore this human need for separation. Social media, which perpetuates the illusion of a loving collective, erases the boundaries between people, intrudes into the private sphere, and blurs the lines of intimacy. This is extremely anxiety-inducing and fuels a desperate need for barriers, for borders, which escalates into xenophobia and paranoia about &#8220;intruders&#8221; that threaten one&#8217;s identity. A lack of healthy otherness leads to dangerous <em>othering</em>.</p><p>The only &#8216;border&#8217; that can remedy this social and nationalist anxiety is <em>separation</em>, distance between individuals, and the reinstatement of space and time for private life. These are essential conditions for creating liberating connections.</p><p>This dichotomy seems to reproduce the one between a total lack of concern for the other and a &#8216;pseudo-care&#8217;, a suffocating care, which <a href="https://www.mhamington.com/">Maurice Hamington</a> calls &#8216;bad care&#8217;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a>: &#8220;<em>I&#8217;m</em> helping you, I help you so much that you no longer exist, only I<em> </em>exist&#8221;. There must be a middle ground. An ethic of care isn&#8217;t about everyone getting along and being nice: it&#8217;s an ethic that emphasises the <em>relationship</em> over theoretical norms about what one should or should not do, about what&#8217;s good and what&#8217;s evil.</p><p>But for there to be such a relationship, there must be distance between two distinct, separate poles. If we do everything for someone else, we&#8217;re not respecting this distance: we absorb difference into unity. Without true listening, there is no bond, no care. We must value distance, difference, otherness without othering: it&#8217;s a <em>sine qua non</em> of good care, care which respects both the caregiver and the care-receiver and leaves space for an encounter.</p><p><strong>In a 2021 article titled &#8220;<a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-le-philosophoire-2021-2-page-109?lang=fr">Killing the Mother</a>&#8221;, you speak of a &#8220;symbolic matricide in the feminist quest.&#8221; What do you mean by that?</strong></p><p>Feminism is to me first and foremost a struggle against male domination, which imposes itself on women and gender minorities through violence. Since this violence primarily comes from men, feminism understandably harbors a certain mistrust of men, who are more likely to be violent or dominant. And I can only agree &#8211; there was a femicide in my family.</p><p>But I also sense that within feminism sits another equally complex and difficult-to-articulate struggle between <em>generations</em> of women. For example, after Simone de Beauvoir&#8217;s generation fought for women&#8217;s rights, the following generation, that of Judith Butler and Monique Wittig, sought to challenge the idea that categories like &#8220;woman&#8221; and &#8220;man&#8221; could be so easily defined as mutually exclusive.</p><p>The next generation, in turn, revalued non-Western and sometimes essentialist or matriarchal conceptions of what it means to be a woman, as seen in Latin American and some Asian feminisms. Each generation continues to challenge the certainties of the previous one.</p><p>If there is a common thread in all feminisms &#8211; namely, the fight against male violence &#8211; each generation also asserts the right to be a woman differently, to be a woman <em>in place of the other woman</em>, the one we need to distance ourselves from in order to become who we are. And this symbolic woman, who passed on to us the rules of her generation, is often projected onto the figure of the mother. Hence my use of the term &#8220;matricide.&#8221;</p><p>This explains part of some feminists&#8217; rejection of motherhood: it&#8217;s a refusal to <em>pass on</em> what was received<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a>. This was especially true in the generation before mine.</p><p>There was a time in France when being a mother was seen as anti-feminist, a submission to the injunction of motherhood. The new feminist generation is now much more inclined to talk about motherhood and fight for mothers&#8217; rights &#8211; the right to breastfeed in public, the right of single mothers to be supported.</p><p>Today, being a mother, with or without a partner, is more widely recognised by feminists as simultaneously beautiful, worthwhile, and difficult. We grant more of its full complexity to the experience, which is as universal as it is unique. But let&#8217;s not fool ourselves: there is still much to be done for the recognition of the rights and needs of mothers.</p><p>In any case, I&#8217;ve benefited first-hand from the lasting impact of feminism. I recently filed a police report against an erotomaniac individual who has been harassing me for thirty years, and for the first time, my complaint was taken very seriously, even with a degree of concern, by the officers. Fifteen years ago in Paris, I had been met with laughter and indifference. This time, I felt support, a form of care from the police. That is no small thing.</p><p><strong>And finally, as I always ask: who do you care for, and who cares for you?</strong></p><p>I take special care of my relationships with current or former students. They&#8217;re a bit like my kids &#8211;  with added distance, of course, we&#8217;re not family; but it&#8217;s very precious. And it goes both ways: my former and current teachers care for me. A few weeks ago, my old primary school teacher sent me photos of myself that she&#8217;d found. I saw the letter, recognised her handwriting on the envelope, and started crying.</p><p>My current dance teacher also continues to help me grow, assert my femininity. She&#8217;s an extraordinary woman: I really admire her as a potential horizon for myself. She&#8217;s the one who told me recently, &#8220;those we care for are always a bit like our children.&#8221;</p><p>Perhaps that is the care relationship: raising others and being raised ourselves &#8211; in the literal sense of elevation, of reaching <em>higher</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a>. It does not always take hold: there can be missteps, followed by efforts to repair; like with our parents, with whom there is less distance with them, more projection, which can make the relationship more difficult. We return to separation: distance lets us build a relationship more thoughtfully, since it isn&#8217;t self-evident. And this effort elevates both parties.</p><div><hr></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p><em>For a great review of Christine&#8217;s book, please check out this <a href="https://substack.com/@martinrobb/p-171380597">post</a> by Martin Robb.</em></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>See <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/publications-de-agata-zielinski--18826?lang=fr">Agata Zielinski</a> et Fr&#233;d&#233;ric Worms&#8217; work.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>An idea developed by Tertullian then by St. Augustine.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Which he develops in his <a href="https://www.routledge.com/Revolutionary-Care-Commitment-and-Ethos/Hamington/p/book/9781032437316">book</a>, &#8220;Revolutionary Care: Commitment and Ethos&#8221; (Routledge, 2024).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Adrienne Rich powerfully explores this in the chapter on &#8220;Motherhood and Daughterhood&#8217; in her book, <em>Of Woman Born.</em></p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>This is more meaningful in the original French because the French word for &#8216;student&#8217; is &#8216;&#233;l&#232;ve&#8217;, from the verb &#8216;&#233;lever&#8217;, which we use both literally as in &#8216;elevate&#8217; and metaphorically as in &#8216;raising children&#8217;. From a care perspective, it&#8217;s beautiful because it linguistically shows why education has its full place as a form of care.</p><p></p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[“Sans altérité, il ne peut pas y avoir de relation” ]]></title><description><![CDATA[Entretien avec la philosophe Christine Leroy]]></description><link>https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/sans-alterite-il-ne-peut-pas-y-avoir</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/p/sans-alterite-il-ne-peut-pas-y-avoir</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Mélina Magdelénat]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 10 Dec 2025 22:40:40 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!rHhP!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fcb3cd9dc-47a3-43f9-adc1-923fa46c2b95_1037x737.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image"><svg role="img" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><g><title></title><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Christine Leroy &#169;Yannick Michaud.</figcaption></figure></div><p><em>Christine Leroy est philosophe, Docteure associ&#233;e &#224; l&#8217;&#201;cole des Arts de la Sorbonne (Universit&#233; Paris I) et &#224; l&#8217;Universit&#233; de Lille (laboratoire STL). Son livre <a href="https://www.editions-hermann.fr/livre/phenomenologie-de-la-danse-christine-leroy">Ph&#233;nom&#233;nologie de la danse. De la chair &#224; l&#8217;&#233;thique</a>, nourri par sa pratique de la danse, tisse une r&#233;flexion sur l&#8217;ancrage charnel de l&#8217;&#233;thique et du souci d&#8217;autrui : sans corps, pas de </em>care<em>.</em></p><p><em>Fin de vie, handicap, place de la maternit&#233; dans le f&#233;minisme: dans cet entretien pour <a href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/">The Fifth Wave Institute</a>, Christine Leroy interroge notre capacit&#233; &#224; pr&#234;ter attention &#224; l&#8217;alt&#233;rit&#233;.</em></p><div><hr></div><p><strong>Ton m&#233;moire de ma&#238;trise de philosophie portait sur l&#8217;histoire de l&#8217;euthanasie et sur ses enjeux &#233;thiques pour les soci&#233;t&#233;s d&#8217;aujourd&#8217;hui. Qu&#8217;est-ce que l&#8217;&#233;thique du </strong><em><strong>care</strong></em><strong> apporte au d&#233;bat sur la fin de vie?</strong></p><p>La perspective du <em>care </em>pointe du doigt un &#233;cart probl&#233;matique : celui entre l&#8217;investissement &#233;tatique dans l&#8217;aide &#224; mourir et le d&#233;sinvestissement &#233;tatique dans le soin &#224; la personne pour l&#8217;aider &#224; vivre mieux. Elle s&#8217;appuie sur trois points de vue en particulier : celui des personnes handicap&#233;es, celui des soignants et celui des personnes en fin de vie elles-m&#234;mes.</p><p>S&#8217;appuyant sur les combats de militantes antivalidistes<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-1" href="#footnote-1" target="_self">1</a>, la sociologue Patricia Paperman &#8211; actrice majeure de la diffusion de l&#8217;&#233;thique du <em>care</em> en France<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-2" href="#footnote-2" target="_self">2</a> &#8211; souligne que les personnes porteuses de handicap sont r&#233;guli&#232;rement <em>incit&#233;es &#224; se suicider</em>, par de petits commentaires semi-admiratifs, semi-sournois : &#8220;Tu es bien courageuse ; &#224; ta place, je ne serais pas capable de vivre&#8221;.</p><p>Il faut effectivement bien du courage aux personnes handicap&#233;es pour faire valoir leur droit &#224; exister, et la valeur de vies norm&#233;es diff&#233;remment. Les vies porteuses de handicap sont co&#251;teuses pour la soci&#233;t&#233; ; le d&#233;sengagement de l&#8217;&#201;tat dissuade de plus en plus le recours aux aides m&#233;dicalis&#233;es, et peut donc inciter sournoisement &#224; pr&#233;f&#233;rer la mort &#224; une vie dans des conditions d&#233;plorables.</p><p>Le choix du suicide assist&#233; n&#8217;est donc pas toujours libre, contrairement &#224; ce que l&#8217;on pourrait esp&#233;rer en th&#233;orie : l&#8217;ultralib&#233;ralisme discr&#233;dite la valeur de la vie humaine non-valide, ce qui met une pression extr&#234;me sur les personnes d&#233;sign&#233;es comme &#8216;inutilement co&#251;teuses&#8217;.</p><p>D&#8217;o&#249; les <a href="https://www.revolutionpermanente.fr/Le-texte-de-loi-sur-la-fin-de-vie-releve-d-une-logique-validiste-et-eugeniste-Entretien-avec-Elisa">alertes</a> de militant&#183;e&#183;s de gauche radicale, tel&#183;le&#183;s <a href="https://palaisdetokyo.com/personne/no-anger/">No Anger</a> &#8211; artiste queer, anarchiste et antivalidiste &#8211; ou Elisa Rojas. Cette avocate et militante polyhandicap&#233;e voit dans les projets de loi l&#233;galisant l&#8217;euthanasie une trahison de la gauche &#224; l&#8217;&#233;gard des personnes porteuses de handicap et invisibilis&#233;es.</p><p>Loin d&#8217;&#234;tre traditionaliste et r&#233;actionnaire, cette militante est avant tout &#233;minemment concern&#233;e et engag&#233;e politiquement pour la reconnaissance du droit &#224; la <em>vuln&#233;rabilit&#233;</em>. &#192; ses yeux, la l&#233;galisation de l&#8217;euthanasie est une abdication des th&#233;oricien&#183;ne&#183;s humanistes face aux pressions du lib&#233;ralisme &#233;conomique.</p><div class="pullquote"><p><a href="https://www.politis.fr/articles/2024/03/elisa-rojas-notre-mort-est-toujours-consideree-comme-liberatrice-par-cette-societe/">Elisa Rojas: &#8216;Notre mort est toujours consid&#233;r&#233;e comme lib&#233;ratrice par cette soci&#233;t&#233;</a>&#8217;</p></div><p>Les soignantes et soignants, de leur c&#244;t&#233;, ont parfois envie &#8211; ne serait-ce que l&#8217;instant d&#8217;une pens&#233;e vite refoul&#233;e &#8211; de faire taire &#224; jamais ces corps pesants, p&#233;nibles et parfois grincheux. Et ce, d&#8217;autant plus que les conditions de travail en milieu hospitalier sont &#233;puisantes. Contrairement aux lois sur l&#8217;avortement, qui ne l&#8217;autorisent que dans des conditions restreintes et particuli&#232;rement norm&#233;es, la l&#233;gislation en cours sur l&#8217;euthanasie autorise sans r&#233;ellement interdire.</p><p>C&#8217;est donc extr&#234;mement anxiog&#232;ne pour les soignant&#183;e&#183;s que de leur confier la responsabilit&#233; de d&#233;cider de la mort d&#8217;une personne, tout en mettant relativement peu de moyens dans les soins palliatifs<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-3" href="#footnote-3" target="_self">3</a>. On ne peut pas mettre l&#8217;accent sur une &#233;thique du <em>care</em> sans tenir compte des souffrances qu&#8217;une d&#233;cision l&#233;gislative peut occasionner pour celles et ceux qui <em>prennent soin</em> &#8211; et qui sont souvent, en France en tout cas, des personnes d&#233;j&#224; pr&#233;caires.</p><p>Du c&#244;t&#233; des personnes en fin de vie, enfin, le foss&#233; entre th&#233;orie et pratique revient encore une fois en boomerang sur le r&#233;el. Ma grand-m&#232;re est en EHPAD. Chaque jour, elle dit vouloir mourir. Mais lorsque les infirmi&#232;res se trompent dans le dosage des m&#233;dicaments, elle s&#8217;exclame, furieuse : &#8220;Elles veulent me tuer !&#8221;</p><p>Veut-elle donc vraiment mourir ? Il me semble qu&#8217;elle aimerait plut&#244;t vivre <em>mieux</em>, se sentant condamn&#233;e dans le couloir de la mort, faute d&#8217;avoir le sentiment de vivre ou de compter pour quiconque. Elle veut du lien social, des relations, de la vie autour d&#8217;elle. Elle aimerait vivre, pleinement.</p><p>En philosophe qui s&#8217;int&#233;resse de pr&#232;s au <em>care</em>, et ce d&#8217;un point de vue ancr&#233; dans des traditions humanistes &#8220;de gauche&#8221;, je vois donc dans la l&#233;galisation de l&#8217;euthanasie, sous sa forme actuelle, un danger. Mais j&#8217;ai v&#233;cu par le pass&#233; une exp&#233;rience tr&#232;s douloureuse aupr&#232;s d&#8217;une grand-tante qui, victime d&#8217;un AVC et incapable de mouvoir plus que sa paupi&#232;re gauche, a fini par arracher elle-m&#234;me sa sonde gastrique. Elle s&#8217;est donn&#233; la mort, en quelque sorte. Donc rien ne va de soi ni n&#8217;est d&#233;finitif en mati&#232;re de fin de vie.</p><p>Il me semble que l&#8217;on ne pr&#234;te pas assez attention &#224; l&#8217;acharnement th&#233;rapeutique, le seul v&#233;ritable probl&#232;me. La loi Leonetti de 2005 autorise d&#233;j&#224; la suspension de soins en cas de risque d&#8217;acharnement : il me semblerait plus f&#233;cond aujourd&#8217;hui de r&#233;fl&#233;chir &#224; ce que &#8216;s&#8217;acharner&#8217; veut dire, &#224; une &#233;poque o&#249; la m&#233;decine est capable de prolonger la vie au-del&#224; du souhaitable.</p><p>Les d&#233;bats sur l&#8217;euthanasie rappellent que la mort est au c&#339;ur de nos vies, malgr&#233; les efforts du lib&#233;ralisme pour en faire diversion. Ils interrogent le sens que nous souhaitons donner &#224; la solidarit&#233; sociale, et invitent &#224; regarder le social par l&#8217;entremise d&#8217;une &#233;thique critique &#8211; une &#233;thique du <em>care</em>.</p><p>Appliqu&#233;e &#224; la fin de vie, cette &#233;thique invite plut&#244;t &#224; l&#8217;humilit&#233; qu&#8217;&#224; la certitude. Je ne crois pas qu&#8217;il faille obliger les individus &#224; vivre, mais je crois qu&#8217;il faut savoir &#233;couter leur douleur, plut&#244;t que de fermer les yeux en intimant &#224; ceux qui souffrent de se taire &#224; jamais.</p><p><strong>Ton ouvrage </strong><em><strong>Ph&#233;nom&#233;nologie de la danse</strong></em><strong> avance l&#8217;existence d&#8217;une relation particuli&#232;re de </strong><em><strong>care </strong></em><strong>dans l&#8217;exp&#233;rience de la danse. D&#8217;o&#249; vient cette id&#233;e?</strong></p><p>Ma propre pratique de la danse n&#8217;a jamais &#233;t&#233; une pratique de soin. J&#8217;ai une formation de danseuse classique, qui g&#233;n&#232;re un rapport souvent complexe au corps. Le corps, ce n&#8217;est pas quelque chose qu&#8217;on manie comme on manierait un stylo : parfois, il fait ce qu&#8217;il veut, et &#224; d&#233;faut de voir sur le miroir ce que l&#8217;on souhaite d&#233;gager, on entre en conflit avec lui.</p><p>Et pourtant, paradoxalement, m&#234;me si l&#8217;on se torture un peu pour obtenir un joli cou de pied, m&#234;me s&#8217;il arrive que l&#8217;on ait les pieds en sang &#224; force de frottements dans les pointes, on prend aussi grand <em>soin</em> de notre corps pour qu&#8217;il rende le mouvement que l&#8217;on attend de lui.</p><p>J&#8217;ai d&#251; suspendre ma pratique &#224; cause de fractures &#224; r&#233;p&#233;tition &#8211; parfois, le corps finit aussi par casser &#8211; et ai d&#251; me contenter, pendant un temps, de simplement <em>regarder </em>la danse. J&#8217;en &#233;prouvais quelque chose de sup&#233;rieur au plaisir, comme un pansement de l&#8217;&#226;me.</p><p>J&#8217;&#233;tais en particulier touch&#233;e par les &#233;lans, l&#8217;envol, la sensualit&#233; de la gr&#226;ce&#8230; Ce sur quoi j&#8217;essayais de mettre des mots n&#8217;&#233;tait ni purement intellectuel, ni seulement esth&#233;tique, mais d&#8217;ordre &#233;thique : voir de la danse me faisait du bien, ind&#233;pendamment de la beaut&#233; de l&#8217;&#233;criture du geste. Il m&#8217;a sembl&#233; qu&#8217;entre ce que je voyais et ce que je vivais se jouait une forme de <em>care</em>, une &#8220;portance&#8221;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-4" href="#footnote-4" target="_self">4</a><em>.</em></p><p><strong>Dans le livre, tu &#233;cris: &#8220;L&#8217;&#233;thique consiste &#224; restituer &#224; l&#8217;individu sa dignit&#233; humaine ; (...) un tel soin-</strong><em><strong>care</strong></em><strong> est vecteur de </strong><em><strong>cure </strong></em><strong>au sens th&#233;rapeutique, [il] en est le socle : pas de gu&#233;rison sans r&#233;appropriation du corps propre par le  patient ; gu&#233;rir, c&#8217;est justement passer du stade du </strong><em><strong>patient</strong></em><strong>, qui &#233;tymologiquement souffre d&#8217;&#234;tre passif, &#224; celui d&#8217;agent autonome.&#8221;</strong></p><p><strong>Dans un contexte comme celui du handicap o&#249; l&#8217;autonomie est diff&#233;rente de celle d&#8217;une personne valide, &#224; quoi renvoie cette notion que prendre soin, c&#8217;est restituer &#224; quelqu&#8217;un son autonomie ?</strong></p><p>Je crois d&#8217;abord important de souligner que lorsqu&#8217;on est dans la th&#233;orie, on dit parfois des choses qui r&#233;sistent assez mal &#224; la r&#233;alit&#233; mat&#233;rielle, pesante, p&#233;nible. Il y a parfois dans ce que j&#8217;&#233;cris plus d&#8217;espoir que de r&#233;alit&#233;.</p><p>En tout cas, dans des contextes d&#8217;autonomie r&#233;duite, comme le handicap mais aussi la petite enfance, on est souvent confront&#233; &#224; un dilemme : faut-il faire <em>&#224; la place </em>de l&#8217;autre &#8211; dans l&#8217;optique du r&#233;sultat, c&#8217;est &#233;videmment plus efficace &#8211; ou accepter que l&#8217;autre soit plus lent, moins pr&#233;cis, et <em>l&#8217;aider &#224; agir</em> ?</p><p>Pour &#233;tayer le concept de &#8220;portance&#8221;, le philosophe Emmanuel de Saint Aubert<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-5" href="#footnote-5" target="_self">5</a> emprunte &#224; la th&#233;ologie l&#8217;id&#233;e d&#8217;un Dieu &#8216;tout soutenant&#8217; plut&#244;t que &#8216;tout-puissant&#8217; &#8211;  <em>omnitenens</em><a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-6" href="#footnote-6" target="_self">6</a> au lieu d&#8217;<em>omnipotens</em>. Les personnes qui &#233;duquent ou sont pourvoyeuses de soin sont parfois trop <em>au-dessus</em> alors qu&#8217;il faudrait &#234;tre en <em>soutien</em>.</p><p>Emmanuel de Saint Aubert s&#8217;appuie d&#8217;ailleurs sur l&#8217;ost&#233;opathie : lorsqu&#8217;on tient un b&#233;b&#233; par-dessous, le b&#233;b&#233; redresse la t&#234;te. Plut&#244;t que de lui tirer les cheveux, il suffit de le soutenir pour qu&#8217;il se redresse.</p><p>Dans ce dilemme se jouent les difficult&#233;s du soin &#224; la personne : aider la personne, est-ce faire les choses &#224; sa place, ou faire en sorte qu&#8217;elle fasse les choses elle-m&#234;me? C&#8217;est la base de m&#233;thodes &#233;ducatives comme celle de Maria Montessori : si l&#8217;enfant a besoin d&#8217;aide, il en demandera. Il ne faut l&#8217;aider que s&#8217;il le demande, et ne surtout pas l&#8217;amputer de son envie d&#8217;essayer par lui-m&#234;me.</p><div><hr></div><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">The Fifth Wave Institute travaille &#224; la construction d&#8217;un monde o&#249; le soin est une priorit&#233;. Abonnez-vous pour soutenir notre mission.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><div><hr></div><p>Pour les soignants, il est d&#8217;autant plus difficile d&#8217;accepter la lenteur d&#8217;une personne qui a un handicap qu&#8217;il faut aller vite. La m&#233;diocrit&#233; du geste d&#233;range : lorsque la personne tremble, risque de tout renverser, le soignant estime pr&#233;f&#233;rable de verser lui-m&#234;me l&#8217;eau dans son verre.</p><p>Ce n&#8217;est pas que la personne n&#8217;est pas autonome : c&#8217;est qu&#8217;on la prive de son d&#233;sir d&#8217;autonomie. La laisser essayer n&#233;cessiterait du temps et des ressources dont on manque cruellement. Le soin, ou plut&#244;t ce qu&#8217;il en reste dans un contexte d&#8217;hyper-rationalisation des co&#251;ts et des temps du travail, contribue donc malheureusement souvent plus &#224; la perte d&#8217;autonomie qu&#8217;&#224; son maintien.</p><p><strong>Vers la fin du livre, tu &#233;cris : &#8220;Exister pour soi, se donner &#224; soi-m&#234;me une forme, ce n&#8217;est pas s&#8217;arracher radicalement &#224; une totalit&#233; pour y faire face, mais y participer &#224; sa fa&#231;on ; contribuer &#224; la communaut&#233; de fa&#231;on &#233;thique, ce n&#8217;est pas s&#8217;y fondre, mais plut&#244;t y prendre une place propre et unique, non substituable.&#8221;</strong></p><p><strong>On retrouve dans cette citation le parall&#232;le avec la danse, o&#249; l&#8217;on peut &#234;tre &#224; la fois membre d&#8217;un tout et s&#8217;en d&#233;tacher d&#8217;une mani&#232;re plus ou moins singuli&#232;re. On lit souvent des discours binaires sur la tension entre individualisme et communaut&#233;, donc c&#8217;est riche de lire tes mots qui r&#233;concilient les deux : on peut &#234;tre &#8216;non substituable&#8217; au sein m&#234;me du groupe, se faire une place propre </strong><em><strong>dans </strong></em><strong>notre contribution au collectif.</strong></p><p>C&#8217;est ce vers quoi tend mon travail aujourd&#8217;hui. J&#8217;essaie de montrer que l&#8217;opposition habituelle entre individualisme et communaut&#233; n&#8217;en est souvent pas une. On peut y voir en r&#233;alit&#233; deux formes d&#8217;individualisme : un individualisme autosuffisant et st&#233;rile, d&#8217;une part, et un individualisme fusionnel, o&#249; les identit&#233;s et le caract&#232;re unique des individus se fondent dans une indistinction pathog&#232;ne. Ce n&#8217;est donc pas une communaut&#233; mais un amalgame flou d&#8217;individus.</p><p>Pour d&#233;passer cette opposition, je cherche &#224; soutenir l&#8217;id&#233;e qu&#8217;on ne peut pas &#234;tre unique sans les autres : l&#8217;alt&#233;rit&#233; doit soutenir et non effacer les singularit&#233;s. Comme le dit la philosophe Edith Stein, pour qu&#8217;il y ait empathie (<em><a href="https://www.philomag.com/articles/einfuhlung">Einf&#252;hlung</a></em>), pour qu&#8217;il y ait une relation, il faut qu&#8217;il y ait conscience de s&#233;paration. Sans alt&#233;rit&#233;, il ne peut pas y avoir de relation. De la m&#234;me mani&#232;re, pour qu&#8217;il y ait un groupe, il faut qu&#8217;il y ait des individus ; mais sans s&#233;paration entre les individus, il ne peut pas y avoir de v&#233;ritable lien entre les sujets, donc de collectif.</p><p>Bien des discours contemporains un peu na&#239;fs ignorent ce besoin humain de s&#233;paration. Porteurs de l&#8217;illusion d&#8217;un collectif plein d&#8217;amour, les r&#233;seaux sociaux effacent les limites entre les personnes, s&#8217;immiscent dans la sph&#232;re priv&#233;e et floutent les fronti&#232;res de l&#8217;intimit&#233;.</p><p>C&#8217;est extr&#234;mement anxiog&#232;ne, et cela fait na&#238;tre un besoin criant de barri&#232;res, de fronti&#232;res, qui va jusqu&#8217;&#224; la x&#233;nophobie et la parano&#239;a autour d&#8217;&#8221;intrus&#8221; nuisant &#224; l&#8217;identit&#233;. La seule <em>fronti&#232;re </em>qui puisse rem&#233;dier &#224; l&#8217;anxi&#233;t&#233; sociale et nationaliste, c&#8217;est la s&#233;paration, la distance entre les individus, la r&#233;instauration de l&#8217;espace et du temps pour la vie priv&#233;e. Ce sont des conditions essentielles pour cr&#233;er des &#8216;liens qui lib&#232;rent&#8217;<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-7" href="#footnote-7" target="_self">7</a>.</p><p>Cette dichotomie me semble reproduire la dichotomie entre une absence totale de souci de l&#8217;autre et un &#8216;pseudo-<em>care</em>&#8217;, un <em>care </em>&#233;touffant, que Maurice Hamington <a href="https://www.routledge.com/Revolutionary-Care-Commitment-and-Ethos/Hamington/p/book/9781032437316">appelle</a> <em>bad care </em>: le &#8220;Je t&#8217;aide, je t&#8217;aide tellement que tu n&#8217;existes plus, il n&#8217;y a plus que moi&#8221;. Il faut un juste milieu : l&#8217;&#233;thique du <em>care</em>, ce n&#8217;est pas &#8216;tout le monde s&#8217;entend bien et tout le monde est gentil&#8217;. C&#8217;est une &#233;thique qui met l&#8217;accent sur la <em>relation</em> plut&#244;t que sur des normes th&#233;oriques de bien et de mal, ou sur ce qu&#8217;il faut faire ou ne pas faire.</p><p>Mais pour qu&#8217;il y ait une relation, il faut une distance entre deux p&#244;les distincts, s&#233;par&#233;s. Si l&#8217;on fait tout &#224; la place de l&#8217;autre, on ne respecte pas cette distance, on r&#233;sorbe la diff&#233;rence dans l&#8217;unit&#233;. Faute d&#8217;&#233;coute, il n&#8217;y a alors pas de lien, pas de soin. Il faut respecter et valoriser la distance, la diff&#233;rence, l&#8217;alt&#233;rit&#233; : c&#8217;est la condition <em>sine qua non</em> d&#8217;un &#8216;<em>good care&#8217;</em>, respectueux aussi de la personne qui prend soin.</p><p>Le <em>care</em> est &#224; l&#8217;oppos&#233; du soignant qui fait taire le soign&#233;, ou du soign&#233; tyrannique du soignant : c&#8217;est un moment de rencontre. Reconna&#238;tre la radicale alt&#233;rit&#233; entre les individus, cela seul permet le lien.</p><p><strong>Dans un <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-le-philosophoire-2021-2-page-109?lang=fr">article</a> de 2021 intitul&#233; &#8220;Tuer la m&#232;re&#8221;, tu parles d&#8217;un &#8220;matricide symbolique dans la qu&#234;te f&#233;ministe&#8221;. &#192; quoi cela fait-il r&#233;f&#233;rence?</strong></p><p>Le f&#233;minisme est d&#8217;abord une lutte contre la domination masculine impos&#233;e aux femmes et aux minorit&#233;s de genre, qui s&#8217;exprime r&#233;guli&#232;rement par la violence. Il se trouve que ces violences &#233;manent principalement d&#8217;hommes : d&#8217;o&#249; une m&#233;fiance f&#233;ministe relative aux hommes, plus susceptibles d&#8217;&#234;tre violents ou dominants. Et je ne peux qu&#8217;abonder en ce sens &#8211; il y a eu un f&#233;minicide dans ma famille.</p><p>Mais j&#8217;ai le sentiment que dans le f&#233;minisme se joue parfois <em>aussi</em> une lutte tout aussi complexe et tr&#232;s difficile &#224; formuler entre g&#233;n&#233;rations de femmes. Par exemple, apr&#232;s la premi&#232;re g&#233;n&#233;ration f&#233;ministe de Simone de Beauvoir qui a lutt&#233; pour les droits des femmes, la deuxi&#232;me g&#233;n&#233;ration, celle de Judith Butler et Monique Wittig, s&#8217;est attel&#233;e &#224; renverser l&#8217;id&#233;e que l&#8217;on puisse si facilement penser les cat&#233;gories &#8220;femme&#8221; et &#8220;homme&#8221; comme des cat&#233;gories exclusives.</p><p>La g&#233;n&#233;ration suivante a au contraire revaloris&#233; des conceptions non occidentales et parfois relativement essentialistes ou matriarcales de ce qu&#8217;&#234;tre femme veut dire, comme en Am&#233;rique latine ou dans certains pays d&#8217;Asie. Les g&#233;n&#233;rations continuent ainsi de se succ&#233;der, renversant les certitudes des g&#233;n&#233;rations ant&#233;rieures.</p><p>S&#8217;il y a une commune mesure &#224; tous les f&#233;minismes, &#224; savoir la lutte contre la violence masculine, on trouve donc aussi &#224; chaque g&#233;n&#233;ration une revendication au droit d&#8217;&#234;tre femme autrement, d&#8217;&#234;tre femme <em>&#224; la place de l&#8217;autre femme</em>, celle dont on a besoin de se s&#233;parer pour advenir &#224; celle que l&#8217;on est. Et cette femme symbolique, qui nous a transmis les r&#232;gles de sa g&#233;n&#233;ration, prend la figure maternelle. D&#8217;o&#249; mon emploi du terme de &#8220;matricide&#8221;.</p><p>Cela explique, je suppose, une partie du refus de la maternit&#233; dans certains f&#233;minismes : c&#8217;est un refus de <em>transmettre </em>ce qui a &#233;t&#233; re&#231;u<a class="footnote-anchor" data-component-name="FootnoteAnchorToDOM" id="footnote-anchor-8" href="#footnote-8" target="_self">8</a>. C&#8217;est surtout vrai dans la g&#233;n&#233;ration pr&#233;c&#233;dant la mienne.</p><p>Il fut une &#233;poque o&#249; &#234;tre m&#232;re signait le refus d&#8217;&#234;tre f&#233;ministe, une soumission &#224; l&#8217;injonction &#224; la maternit&#233;. La nouvelle g&#233;n&#233;ration f&#233;ministe est d&#233;sormais beaucoup plus encline &#224; parler de maternit&#233; et &#224; lutter pour les droits des m&#232;res, le droit &#224; allaiter en public, &#224; avoir des enfants sans conjoint.</p><p>Aujourd&#8217;hui, &#234;tre m&#232;re, avec ou sans conjoint, est plus largement reconnu par les f&#233;ministes comme &#224; la fois beau, m&#233;ritoire et difficile. On accorde une plus pleine complexit&#233; &#224; cette exp&#233;rience aussi universelle qu&#8217;unique. Mais ne nous leurrons pas, il reste encore beaucoup &#224; faire pour la reconnaissance des droits et des besoins des m&#232;res.</p><p>En tout cas, les combats f&#233;ministes contre la domination masculine m&#8217;ont beaucoup apport&#233; &#224; titre personnel. J&#8217;ai port&#233; plainte r&#233;cemment en commissariat contre un individu &#233;rotomane qui me harc&#232;le depuis trente ans, et ce fut la premi&#232;re fois que ma plainte a &#233;t&#233; prise tr&#232;s au s&#233;rieux, et m&#234;me avec une certaine inqui&#233;tude, par des policiers. Il y a quinze ans, &#224; Paris, j&#8217;avais &#233;t&#233; re&#231;ue avec des rires et une indiff&#233;rence difficile &#224; vivre. Cette fois, j&#8217;ai senti un soutien, une forme de <em>care</em> de la part des policiers. Ce n&#8217;est pas rien.</p><p><strong>Pour finir : de qui prends-tu soin, et qui prend soin de toi ?</strong></p><p>Je prends particuli&#232;rement soin de mes relations avec mes &#233;l&#232;ves ou anciens &#233;l&#232;ves. Ils et elles sont comme mes enfants. Il y a une distance, &#233;videmment, parce que nous ne sommes pas une famille &#8211; je les vouvoie, par exemple &#8211; mais c&#8217;est extr&#234;mement pr&#233;cieux. Et c&#8217;est r&#233;versible : mes anciennes ou actuelles enseignantes prennent soin de moi. Il y a quelques semaines, mon ancienne institutrice m&#8217;a envoy&#233; par la Poste des photos qu&#8217;elle avait retrouv&#233;es de moi. J&#8217;ai vu la lettre, reconnu son &#233;criture sur l&#8217;enveloppe, et j&#8217;ai pleur&#233; d&#8217;&#233;motion.</p><p>Mon actuelle professeure de danse continue aussi de me faire grandir. Elle est tr&#232;s attentive &#224; ce que j&#8217;assume ma f&#233;minit&#233;. Cette femme a une force extraordinaire, elle n&#8217;est plus toute jeune mais je l&#8217;admire comme un horizon futur pour moi. C&#8217;est elle qui m&#8217;a dit derni&#232;rement, &#8220;les gens dont on prend soin sont toujours un peu nos enfants&#8221;.</p><p>C&#8217;est peut-&#234;tre cela, la relation de soin : &#233;lever autrui et &#234;tre soi-m&#234;me &#233;lev&#233;e &#8211; au sens litt&#233;ral de faire grandir, faire aller plus haut. Faire regarder au loin. &#199;a ne prend pas toujours, il y a quelques rat&#233;s, des efforts pour r&#233;parer. Cela peut &#234;tre le cas avec nos parents, parce qu&#8217;il y a moins de distance avec eux, plus de projections. On en revient &#224; la s&#233;paration : gr&#226;ce &#224; la distance, on peut construire la relation de mani&#232;re plus r&#233;fl&#233;chie, parce qu&#8217;elle ne va pas de soi. Et cet effort &#233;l&#232;ve, des deux c&#244;t&#233;s.</p><div><hr></div><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.fifthwaveinstitute.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-1" href="#footnote-anchor-1" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">1</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Le validisme est d&#233;fini comme un &#8220;syste&#768;me d&#8217;oppression subi par les personnes handicape&#769;es du fait de leur non correspondance aux normes me&#769;dicales e&#769;tablissant la validite&#769;. Un ensemble de capacite&#769;s seraient attendues d&#8217;un corps pour qu&#8217;il soit conside&#769;re&#769; comme humain. L&#8217;ide&#769;ologie validiste postule que les corps non correspondant, juge&#769;s handicape&#769;s, ont alors moins de valeur. Ils sont naturellement conside&#769;re&#769;s comme infe&#769;rieurs, et donc discriminables.&#8221; (<a href="https://lesdevalideuses.org/les-devalideuses/notre-manifeste/">Le Manifeste des D&#233;valideuses</a>, 2021).</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-2" href="#footnote-anchor-2" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">2</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Notamment car elle a co-dirig&#233; avec Sandra Laugier <em>Le Souci des autres. &#201;thique et politique du care</em>, Paris, EHESS, coll. &#171; Raisons pratiques &#187;, 2005.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-3" href="#footnote-anchor-3" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">3</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>&#192; cet &#233;gard, je sugg&#232;re entre autres la lecture des travaux remarquables d&#8217;<a href="https://shs.cairn.info/publications-de-agata-zielinski--18826?lang=fr">Agata Zielinski</a> et Fr&#233;d&#233;ric Worms.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-4" href="#footnote-anchor-4" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">4</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>J&#8217;emprunte ce concept &#224; l&#8217;anthropologie d&#8217;Emmanuel de Saint Aubert : il d&#233;signe le fait d&#8217;&#234;tre maintenu dans l&#8217;&#234;tre, dans la vie, par une entit&#233; intangible qui vient soutenir et &#233;viter de &#8220;tout laisser tomber&#8221;. Voir E. de Saint Aubert, &#8220;R&#233;flexions en vue d&#8217;une articulation entre portance et care&#8221;, in <em>Pesanteur et portance, </em>co-dir. Christine Leroy et Chiara Palermo, Paris, Hermann, 2022, p. 13-36. En ligne : <a href="https://shs.cairn.info/pesanteur-et-portance--9791037021687-page-13?lang=fr">https://shs.cairn.info/pesanteur-et-portance--9791037021687-page-13?lang=fr</a>. </p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-5" href="#footnote-anchor-5" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">5</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Directeur de recherche en philosophie au CNRS et enseignant aupr&#232;s de formateurs pour &#233;ducateurs sp&#233;cialis&#233;s.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-6" href="#footnote-anchor-6" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">6</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>On retrouve le concept chez Tertullien puis Augustin.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-7" href="#footnote-anchor-7" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">7</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Par opposition, d&#8217;ailleurs, aux &#8220;liens toxiques&#8221;, qui n&#8217;ont rien de liens et tout d&#8217;un ligotage.</p></div></div><div class="footnote" data-component-name="FootnoteToDOM"><a id="footnote-8" href="#footnote-anchor-8" class="footnote-number" contenteditable="false" target="_self">8</a><div class="footnote-content"><p>Voir Adrienne Rich, <em>Of Woman Born, </em>&#8216;Motherhood and Daughterhood&#8217;.</p></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>